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1、Link Verb系动词亦称联系动词(Link Verb),作为系动词,它本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语(亦称补语),构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。1)状态系动词用来表示主语状态,只有be一词,例如:He is a teacher.他是一名教师。(is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。)2)持续系动词用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如:He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。This matter rests a mystery.此事仍是一个谜。
2、3)表像系动词用来表示看起来像这一概念,主要有seem,appear,look,例如:He looks tired.他看起来很累。He seems(to be)very sad.他看起来很伤心4)感官系动词感官系动词主要有feel,smell,sound,taste,例如:This kind of cloth feels very soft.这种布手感很软。This flower smells very sweet.这朵花闻起来很香。5)变化系动词这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run.例如:He became
3、mad after that.自那之后,他疯了。She grew rich within a short time.她没多长时间就富了6)终止系动词表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove,trun out,表达证实,变成之意,例如:The rumor proved false.这谣言证实有假。The search proved difficult.搜查证实很难。His plan turned out a success.他的计划终于成功了。(turn out表终止性结果)系动词本身有一定的词义,不能单独作谓语,后面必须与表语连用1.be是最重要的系动词,主语不同,be的形式也不同,且有时态的变化
4、。(1)The door was closed.The door was closed by me.(2)My job is teaching English.Mr Wang is reading an evening paper now.用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep,rest,remain,stay,lie,stand,例如:He always kept silent at meeting.他开会时总保持沉默。要特别注意某些动词既可以做系动词,又可以做实意动词的用法。系动词部分主要注意:其后要求接形容词,而不是副词做表语。遇到这种情况,只能先根据其意思判断清楚到底是前
5、者还是后者,然后再对后面的词性和词义做出正确判断和选择。以taste一词为例:The newly-invented soft drinking tastes quite unique.(这种新研制的软饮料尝起来挺独特的。注意:在这句话里,taste做系动词,不能使用进行时,后面接形容词。)The chef is tasting the fish carefully.(厨师长正在品尝这道鱼。注意:在这句话中,taste做实意动词,可以使用进行时,并且后面接副词做状语。RestRest用作连系动词只限于和少数形容词搭配。如:rest a mysteryThe affair rests a myst
6、ery.这件事一直是个谜。rest easyRest easy.不要紧张。rest assuredYou can rest assured that Ill do my best.你可以放心我会尽力而为的。You may rest assured that everything possible is being done.你尽管放心,正在尽力把一切都做好。You may rest assured that l will do everything I call to help you.你可以相信我会尽力帮助你的。rest thusThe matter rests thusthat you a
7、re responsible for the damage.事实仍然是这样你得对损坏负责。Stand座落,位于;处于某种状态;维持原状,继续有效;停滞,滞留Mrs Huber stood motionless in her kitchen Emergency line operators must always _ calm and make sure that they get all the information they need to send help.a.grow b.appear c.become d.stay答案:d。四个选项都是系动词,a项和c项都是表示“变化”的词,但根据
8、句意“急救中心的接线员在危急时刻要保持镇静”,该系动词应表示“保持”的含义,因此需排除a和c项,appear“似乎”也不对,答案只能是stay“保持”。Someone who lacks staying power and perseverance is unlikely to _ a good researcher.a.make b.turn c.get d.grow答案:a。四个选项都是系动词,且都表示“变成”的含义,但turn,get和grow作系动词时,其后皆常接形容词,make可以相当于become,也可表示“变成”,后面可以接名词,因此为最佳答案。1 becomebecome的含义
9、是“成为,变成”,使用得最多,也是最正规的表示“变化”的系动词,后面可接名词、形容词、过去分词等作表语。接名词时一般需使用不定冠词限定,但有时也可不用。如:She became queen in 1952.她于1952年成为女王。The bill will become law next year.该议案将于明年成为法律。使用become需注意几点:(1)become有不同的时态,如一般时、进行时和完成时,但一般不用于将来时。如:()I hope you will become well and join in us soon.()I hope you will get well and jo
10、in in us soon.(2)become后面可以接过去分词作表语,但并不表示被动语态,而是表示事情发生的最后结果。如:She became engaged as a typist.她最后担任了打字员。At last the whole area became covered with water.最后整个地方都被水淹了。(3)与介词of搭配构成短语,其后接sb或sth。如:What became of that student who used to live with you?那个以前跟你住在一起的学生后来怎么样了?I fear to think what will become of
11、 them if they lose their home.我不敢想他们如果无家可归会怎么样。(4)become后面接形容词作表语时其主语既可是人,也可以是物,可以表示人、气候、社会等的变化,若是表示“由好变坏”时,可用go替代。如:Something has gone wrong with the machine.机器出了毛病。The meat has gone bad in such hot weather.在如此热的天气,肉坏了。2 getget作系动词时,一般表示一种渐进的变化过程,即由一种状态进入另一种状态,后常接形容词、过去分词、不定式等作表语,常译作“(使)达到、处于”。如:Is
12、 your headache getting _?No,its worse.a.better b.bad c.less d.well答案:a。根据下句回答no,its worse.可知这里问的是“你身体好些了吗?”get是系动词,后面可接形容词作表语。Sarah,hurry up.Im afraid you wont have time to _ before the party.a.get changed b.get changec.get changing d.get to change答案:a。根据句意可知此处作“换衣”解,get作系动词用,后面可接过去分词作表语,此处并不表示被动,而只
13、是一种换衣的动作,get后面接现在分词表示“开始”的意思,接不定式表示“逐渐”的含义,因此根据句意可排除c和d项。使用get时需注意:(1)get作系动词时,一般都有一种渐变的过程,因此,若表示一种静止的状态,不要使用get。如:()I dont get used to the customs of table manners here.()I am not used to the customs of table manners here.我不太习惯这里的餐桌礼仪。(2)get表示的是一种短暂的状态,不能与表示持续的时间状语连用。如:()Mr.smith has got married to
14、 his wife for 10 years.()Mr.smith has been married to his wife for 10 years.(3)get后面接过去分词大过去分词大多数时候表示状态或动作状态或动作,但有时也相当于be+过去分词的用法表示被动语态。如:My car got(was)stolen at the weekend.我的车在周末被盗了。(4)get后接不定式不定式作表语时,表示“逐渐逐渐”的意思。如:Youll get to love english when you have known how to learn it.当你知道了怎样学英语时,你也会渐渐爱上它
15、的。(5)get后面也可接现在分词现在分词作表语,但意思是“开始开始”。如:After some time,I got talking to her.过了一会儿,我开始跟她谈起来。Its already late.We need to get going soon.天已经晚了,我们需要马上出发。3 comecome作系动词用时,相当于become,表示“成为,变成,变得”,后常接形容词、过去分词、副词等作表语,也可相当于get后接不定式,表示“逐渐”的意思The buttons on her blouse had come undone.她衬衣上的纽扣松开了。The handle of the suitcase comes loose.手提箱的把手松了。Everything will come right in the end.一切到最后都会好起来的。She has come to see the problem in a new light.她开始用新的角度看待这个问题。