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1、If I saw you in heaven Would it be the same If I saw you in heaven Would you hold my hand If I saw you in heaven Would you help me stand If I saw you in heaven 虚拟语气虚拟语气the Subjunctive Mood(I)GRAMMER 语法语法(The Subjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的表示说话人所说的话不是事实话不是事实,而是一种而是一种假设假设,愿望愿望,怀疑怀疑,建建议议或或推测推测。虚拟语气主要用于。虚拟语气主
2、要用于if条件状语条件状语从句从句,也可用于名词性从句等。也可用于名词性从句等。What would you do if you won the lottery(彩票彩票)?If I won the lottery,I wouldIf I won the lottery,I would buy an expensive car.If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).If I were a millionaire,I would travel around the world.If I won the lottery,I would
3、buy an expensive car.If I had a lot of money,I might buy a villa(别墅别墅).If I were a millionaire,I would travel around the world.条件条件从句从句If 从句从句主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式现在现在过去时过去时/(were)would/could/should/might+v.(原原)一一.虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法。a.If they _(be)here,they _(take)your advice.b.If the world-wa
4、r _(burst)out again,what _(happen)to our people on earth?werewould takeburstwould happenFill in the blanks.If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.If he had driven more carefully,the accident wouldnt have happened yesterday.If the rules of perspective had not bee
5、n discovered,no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures.条件条件从句从句 If 从句从句 主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式过去过去过去完成时过去完成时had donehad donewould/could/should/might+have donea.If Tom _(be)more careful in the exam,he _(pass)it already.b.If I _(meet)you yesterday,we _(go)to the concert together.had beenwou
6、ld have passed Fill in the blanks.had metwould have goneIf it should snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it were to snow tomorrow,we would take photos.If it snowed tomorrow,we would take photos.条件条件从句从句If 从句的谓语从句的谓语形式形式主句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式未来未来1.should+v.2.were to do3.过去时过去时 would/could/should/might+v.(原
7、原)假如他来了假如他来了,我们对他说什么呢？我们对他说什么呢？If he were to come,what should we say to him?假如他看见我假如他看见我,就会认识我。就会认识我。If he should see me,he would know me.注意：省略注意：省略if倒装：倒装：Were I you,I would try it again.Had he been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.Should it snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.If I were you,
8、I would try it again.If he had been there yesterday,he would have seen the film.If it should snow tomorrow,we wouldnt go out.若虚拟条件句中有若虚拟条件句中有 were,had,should 时，时，可省略可省略 if 而将而将 were,had,should 移到句首。移到句首。一、虚拟语气在条件状语从句中的用法时态时态If 从句的形式主句的形式现在过去未来did/werewould/could/should/might+V.(原)would/could/should/
9、might+have done1.should do2.were to do3.过去时would/could/should/might+V.(原)had done 含蓄的虚拟语气含蓄的虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不以条件从句表示出来，而是通过一个介词来表示或通过上下文或其他方式表示 如“but for”，“without”“supposing”“otherwise”等表示含蓄的虚拟：Without the new paints and new technique,we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces.Without the
10、Impressionists,many of these painting styles might not exist.1.I am not free today.If I _free today,I _ and visit some of my friends.A.am will go B.were,would go C.shall be D.be,must go2.If there were no subjunctive mood,English _much easier.A.will be B.would have been C.could have been D.would be小试
11、身手：小试身手：3.If you _tomorrow,you _find the new manager working in the office.A.should come;would B.would come;wouldC.will come;should D.comes;might4.I didnt see your sister at the meeting.If she _,she would have met my brother.A.has come B.did come C.came D.had come5._it rain tomorrow,we should have t
12、o put off the visit to the Science Museum.A.Were B.Should C.Would D.Will6.Without liberation(解放解放)we _ a new life.A.would not begin B.would not have been begunC.had not begun D.would not have begun7.But for the help of my teacher,I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition.A.would not win
13、 B.would not have wonC.would win D.would have wonWish 在动词在动词wish后的宾语从句中后的宾语从句中,表示与现表示与现在或过去的事实相反在或过去的事实相反,或对将来的主或对将来的主观愿望观愿望,常用虚拟语气常用虚拟语气.1)表示对表示对现在情况的虚拟现在情况的虚拟:从句动词用从句动词用过去式过去式(be动词一般用动词一般用were)。I wishI were as tall as you.I wish every day were my birthday.I wish I hadnt eaten so much watermelon.(2
14、)表示对表示对过去情况过去情况的虚拟的虚拟:从句动词从句动词常用常用“had过去分词过去分词”。(3)表示对将来的主观愿望表示对将来的主观愿望:从句动词形从句动词形式为式为“would/could/might动词原形动词原形”。I wish he could go with us tomorrow.We wish our parents _(not punish)us.wouldnt punish1.How I wish every family _a large house with a beautiful garden.A.has B.hadC.will have D.had had 2.
15、How I wish I _to repair the watch!I only made it worse.A.had tried B.hadnt triedC.have tried D.didnt tryas if/as though由由as if(as though)引导的状语从句表示方式引导的状语从句表示方式时时,从句从句谓语形式为动词谓语形式为动词的过去式的过去式(be用用were)或或“had过去分词过去分词”。他那样对待我他那样对待我,好像我是陌生人似的。好像我是陌生人似的。He treats me as if I were a stranger.She talks about
16、Rome as if she had been there herself.2.表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。常见动词：一个坚持：insist两个命令命令：order,command 三个建议建议：advise,suggest,propose四个要求要求：demand,require,request,desire 这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句中的动词气。即从句中的动词 使用使用should+动词原动词原形，形，should可以省略可以省略.1.我们建议我们建议Tom 去休息一下。去休息一下。2.他坚决要求我们立
17、即出发。他坚决要求我们立即出发。3.国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。1.We suggested that Tom(should)have a rest.2.He insisted that we(should)set out at once.3.The king ordered that the prisoners(should)be killed the next day.以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句包括句包括主语从句主语从句，表语从句表语从句和和同位语从句同位语从句也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的动词形式一也要使用虚拟语气。从句中的
18、动词形式一样。即：样。即：(should)V.order,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,desireIts suggested that the plan(should)be carried out.My demand is that she(should)come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice that the chemical factory(should)be closed down.(主语从句主语从句)(表语从句表语从句)(同位语从句同位语从句)_It is i
19、mportant/necessary/essential/vital/strange that(should)It is strange that _.he should miss such a golden opportunity LibyaDiscussion:If I were the president of Libya,I wouldIf I were a solider in Libya,I wouldIf I were a child in Libya,I wouldI wish I could go to school.my parents were with me.there were no war in the world.Homework 1.Review 2.Finish the exercises on Page