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1、Unit 2 Cloning教学设计(Per i od 3 Learn i ng about Ianguage)【教学目标分析】教学目标(1)熟记学案中所列出的单词和短语。(2)通过学案中所给出的重点单词和重点短语的学习，让学生能够正确理解 和使用这些单词和短语，能够运用这些词语造句。(3)通过对语法的教学让学生能够理解并能够运用这些语法知识，弄清楚同 位语及同位语从句的含义和用法。 教学地位本单元的语法是同位语和同位语从句，学生可能会感到比拟难以掌握。让学 生正确理解和掌握语法知识是让学生学好英语的关键，所以应给学生创设一个语 境，让学生理解该语法的应用，而不要让学生死记硬背语法条文，应从理
2、解的基 础上去运用这些语法。【教学方案设计】 新课导入建议通过对学生作业的检查导入本堂新课。 教学流程设计老师检查上节课所布置的作业，检查学生对学案预习的情况。让学生就“互动探究”进行讨论，让学生各自发表自己的见解，然后让各个 讨论组派代表汇报各自讨论结果。让学生针对各自不同的意见展开讨论，然后老师给出详细正确答案。老师对语法局部给以点拨。让学生掌握本单元语法知识。让学生讨论完成“语法精析”局部，并让各个讨论组发表各自见解。老师针对难点和重点词汇进行讲解，并补充学案中所遗漏的重点词汇，补充一些必要的练习。I have no idea how I can get to the railway s
3、tation.我不知道怎么能到达火车站。Our teacher gave us the suggestion where we should have our summer holidays. 我们的老师就我们应该去哪里度假提出了建议。3.特殊情况(1)有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在要说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city.彳也突然想起可 能敌人已经逃出城了。Word came that the president would come to inspect our city.有消
4、息说总统要来 视察我们的城市。(2)一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用 虚拟语气“should+动词原形”表示，should可省略。This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。三、同位语从句和定语从句的区别【比拟一】同位语从句定语从句功能不同对名词加以补充说明与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关 系，起连接作用that不作成分；起连接作用，不可省 略作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并 且作从句的宾语时可省略whether/how不作
5、成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”不引导定语从句wh words作成分；起连接作用；有自己的 含义，但与先行词之间无关作成分；起连接作用；没有自己 的含义，但是代替先行词在从句 中作成分We cant solve the problem how we can travel faster than light.如何才能超过光的速度，我们解决不了这个问题。(how从句是the problem的具体内容，为同位语从句。)I cant remember the problem that they have.我记不得他们 的问题了。(problem 是have的宾语，至于the problem的具体内容
6、，没有说明，故是定语从句。）【比拟二】Jim got to know the news that the whole village was in great danger.吉姆得知整个村子都处在极度危险中的消息。（that引导同位语从句，解释说 明the news的内容。）Do you know the news （that/which） Jim told me?你知道吉姆告诉我的那个消息吗？ （that引导定语从句，且在从句中作宾语。）让学生完成“当堂双基达标”。师生共同讨论“当堂双基达标”并给出答案，并对难以理解的或有争议的地 方给出详解。自我评估。布置作业。让学生完成课本第14页1、2
7、、3题，预习学案Period 4。【课堂互动探究】要点讲解1. owe vt.欠（账、钱、人情等）；归功于You owe the lady an apology.（教材 Pi3）你得向这位女士抱歉。I owe it to you that I am still alive.幸亏有你我现在才仍然活着。He owes his success to his hard work.他把自己的成功归功于辛勤的劳动。【归纳拓展】owe sb. an apology该向某人抱歉oweto欠；把归功于；应感激owe sb. sth.（ = owe sth.to sb.）欠某人某物owing欠的；未付的owing
8、 to因为；由于Owing to the rain, we stayed home all day long.由于下雨，我们一整天都待在家。【易混辨析】owe. to./attribute. to.owe.to.主语既可以是人，也可以是物。只用于主动句，大都 与褒义词连用。attribute.to.主语那么只能是人，常用被动语态。He owes his success to his father. 他把他的成功归功于他的父亲。Jim attributes his success to determination.吉姆把他的成功归功于坚定的信念。Economists attributed the
9、 slow progress in economy to poor cooperation.经济学家把经济增长缓慢归咎于合作不好。His great age is attributed to eating properly.他的长寿归因于饮食适当。【即学即用】完成句子他把他的成功归功于努力工作和实践。He hard work and practice.他请一个同事帮助，这个同事欠他一个人情。He asked a colleague a favor for help.【答案 1owes his success to who owed him2.shortly adv.不多时，不久Shortly
10、after Freddy did some research, he discovered the fate of Dolly the sheep.（教材Pi3）然而在Freddy作了调查后不久，他发现了多莉羊的命运。Shortly after I arrived, we became good friends.我来后不久，我们就成了好朋友。I saw him shortly before he died.在他去世前不久我们还见过一面。Shes going to New York shortly.她不久就去纽约。【归纳拓展】shortly可以表示soon的含义，且常和after, before
11、连用，表示“在前/后不久”。He left shortly after seven.他7点以后不久就离开了。The accident happened shortly before midday.事故是在正午前不久发生的。【即学即用】完成句子He went abroad（婚后不久）.He left （你到达前不久）.I（马上就准备好了）.【答案】CDshortly after his marriage shortly before you arrived willbe ready shortly3. retire v.退休；退出比赛；离开.when he retired he would be
12、 able to look back on his life with satisfaction.（教 材 P13）当他退休时他就可以非常满意地回忆他的生活。I have decided to retire from Formula One racing at the end of the season.我决定 在这个赛季结束的时候退出一级方程式赛车比赛。Some time after midnight, he retired to bed.午夜之后，他才就寝。【归纳拓展】retired 切已退休的，已退职的retiree n.退休人员，退休者retirement n.退休，引退Dad is
13、retired now.爸爸现在已经退休了。Susan is going to take early retirement.苏珊要提前退休。【即学即用】完成句子有一些工人想提前退休。Some of the workers early.他什么时候离开公司？When will he the company?【答案】want to retire retire from4. bother v.花费时间精力（做某事）；打搅；给（某人）造成麻烦（或痛苦）n.烦 扰；困难However, the problem that she later developed a serious lung disease
14、bothered scientists.（教材Pi4）但是，后来她得了严重的肺病，这个问题很让科学家烦心。 What bothers me most is the fact that he seems to take no interest in his work.最使我伤脑筋的是，他似乎对自己的工作毫无兴趣。I dont want to put you to any bother.我不想给你添麻烦。【归纳拓展】bother sb. with/about sth.为某事打搅或麻烦某人bother about/with sth.为某事烦恼bother to do/doing 操心做某事It bo
15、thers sb. that/to do sth.使某人苦恼的是put sb.to any bother 给某人添乱Dont bother with/about it.不必麻烦 了。You dont bother to get dinner for me today； Til eat out.今天不必为我准备饭了， 我要在外边吃。/7易混辨bother/disturb/interruptbother指麻烦某人，使某人操心、烦恼，常指为一点小事所“烦扰”，带有稍微抱怨的意味。disturb意为“干扰，扰乱”，侧重扰乱某种状态或秩序。interrupt意为“打搅，打断”，侧重打断某个活动的进程，使
16、其不能进行下去。Sorry to interrupt, but theres someone to see you. 对不起，打搅一下有人要见你。Dont disturb the papers on my desk.别把我桌子上的文件弄乱了。即B可应用完成句子他一直没有对我讲真话，这让我很苦恼。he hasn*t been telling me the truth.对不起，打搅了，请问现在几点？I am sorry, but can you tell me the time?【答案】It bothers me that to bother you用bother/disturb/interrup
17、t的适当形式填空I cant him with my little affairs.The child continually the class.Dont me while Im speaking.【答案】 bother disturbed interruptbe bound to do.注定/一定做Dolly*s death, like her birth, was bound to raise worries.（教材 Pi4）多莉的死就 像她的出生一样，注定要引起许多忧虑。Youve done so much work that youre bound to pass the exam.
18、你已经做了这么多努力，因此你一定能通过考试。I feel bound to tell you that youre drinking too much!我觉得有必要跟你说你喝得太多了！【归纳拓展】be bound up in sth.忙于某事；热衷于某事物be bound up with sth.与某事物关系密切be bound for.去； 准备去Im sorry I couldnt come to see you this morning. I was bound up in some urgent matters.对不起，今天上午我未能来看你，我在忙于处理一些急事。Our memorie
19、s and habits are bound up with the structure of the brain. 我们的记忆和习惯与脑的构造有密切的联系。We are bound for home.我们打算回家。【即学即用】完成句子你必须在办公室待到这么晚吗？stay at the office so late?三人行，必有我师焉。（孔子）Even when walking in the company of two other men , I from them.(Confucius)【答案】 Are you bound to am bound to learn语法精析【预习热身】观察以
20、下从Reading中选取的句子，体会同位语及同位语从句的用法，并根 据语法特点填空。But at last the determination and patience of the scientists paid off in 1996 with a breakthrough-the cloning of Dolly the sheep.On the one hand, the whole scientific world followed the progress of the first successful clone, Dolly he sheep.The fact that she
21、 seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.自我总结在以上句子中，画线局部在句子中的句子成分为，它可以由、代词、数词或 等充当，用来说明前面名词或代词的内容和情况。【答案】同位语；名词(短语)；句子【知识精要】同位语及同位语从句一、同位语.同位语的定义同位语是句子成分的一种。它位于名词、代词后面，说明它们的性质和情况, 可以由名词、代词、名词性短语或从句充当。1 .同位语的表现形式有以下几种：名词You gir
22、ls may take seats over there.你们姑娘们可以坐到那边。(2)代词He himself will do the experiment.他将亲自做这项实验。(3)数词She is the oldest among them six.她是他们六人中年纪最大的。(4)由 such as, that is 引导Some subjects, such as math and physics, are very difficult to learn.某些学科，例如数学和物理，是很难学的。(5)由of引导Mr. Smith is now living in the city of
23、Beijing.史密斯先生现住在北京城。(6)由or引导It is zoology, or the study of animals.这是动物学，即对动物的研究。2 .特殊同位语归纳(1)不定式用作同位语Soon came the order to start the general attack.很快下达了发起总攻的命令。(to start the general attack与the order同位)(2)动词-ing分词用作同位语Hes getting a job tonight driving a truck.他今晚得到一个开卡车的差事。(driving a truck与a job同位
24、)The first plan, attacking at night, was turned down.第一个计划是夜袭，被拒绝了。(attacking at night与the first plan同位)(3)形容词用作同位语The current fair, the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou.目前的 交易会，是有史以来规模最大的，正在广州举行。【提示】这类同位语与定语比拟接近，可转换成定语从句。The current fair, the biggest in its history, is being held
25、in Guangzhou.= The current fair, which is the biggest in its history, is being held in Guangzhou.(4)none of us之类的结构用作同位语We none of us said anything.我们谁也没说话。They neither of them wanted to go.他们两人都不想去。【提示】同位语并不影响其后句子谓语的“数”。学生每人都有一本词典。正The students each have a dictionary.误The students each has a dictio
26、nary.(5)从句用作同位语(即同位语从句)I received a message that she would be late.我得到的信息说她可能迟到。二、同位语从句在复合句中用作同位语的句子叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用 以说明该名词表示的具体内容。The belief that the company will make a great progress is shared by everyone.每个人都相信公司会取得很大的进步。1 .可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news, idea, fact, promise, question, doubt, thought, h
27、ope, message, suggestion, word(消息)，possibility 等。The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇。2 .同位语从句的引导词1)如果同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导。There is no doubt that the prices of cars will go down.毫无疑问，汽车的价格会 下降的。3 2)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“是否”的含义，应用whether引导， if不能引导同位语从句。He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not.他必须回答他是否 同意的问题。4 3)如果同位语从句意义不完整，需增加“什么时候”、“什么地点”、“什么方式”等含义，应用when, where, how等引导。