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1、虚拟语气1.if条件句的虚拟If条件句条件句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在的情况过去式(did/were)Should/would/could/might+ do表示过去情况过去完成时(had done )Should/would/could/might+have done表示未来情况Should +doWere to +do 过去式(did/were)Should/would/could/might+ doeg. If I had enough money, I would buy a new car.We would have won if Jack had scored that go
2、al.If I were you, I would go to bed early tonight.If it were to rain tomorrow, they would not go out.混合条件句有时，主句与从句的动作在不同的时间发生。主从句谓语动词的虚拟语气形式因 时间不同而不同Eg. If you had asked him yesterday, you would know what to do now.If it had rained last night(过去),it would be very cold today 现在).虚拟条件句的倒装当虚拟条件句的从句局部有w
3、ere, should,或had时，可省略if,再把were, should, 或者had移到从句的句首，实行倒装。Eg, If they were here now, they could help us.(=Were they here now, they could help us)If you had come earlier, you would have met him.(=Had you come earlier, you would have met him.)If it should rain, the crops would be saved.(=Should it rai
4、n, the crops would be saved.)2.含蓄条件句With, without, but for(要不是)，otherwise, or, but时态变化与if条件句的主句变化保持一致Eg, Without your help, I would not have passed the exam.I was ill that day. Otherwise, I would have taken part in the sports meeting.表示现在的情况过去式 did/were表示过去的情况过去完成时had done表示将来的情况Would/ could/ might
5、+doBut fbr your help, we couldnt have finished the work ahead of time.3. wish/if only（要是就好了）后从句的虚拟EgI wish I had been with you yesterday.He wishes he could paint as well as a professional artist.I wish he were here now.If only you had listened to our advice!If only I were a bird!4. as if(though)后的宾语
6、从句，当从句所述不是事实或可能性很小时，要用虚拟 语气表示现在的情况过去式 did/were表示过去的情况过去完成时had done表示将来的情况Would/ could/ might +doEg. He looks as if he were an artist.He talked about the accident as if he had seen it. 5.would rather后宾语从句的虚拟语气表示现在/将来的情况过去式did/were表示过去的情况过去完成时had doneI would rather you came here now/ tomorrow.I would
7、rather you hadnt told me the truth.6表示建议、命令、要求等词后面的宾语从句、表语从句以及同位语从句，要用(should) +do建议(suggest/advise/propose )O 命令(order/command/ask)要求(require/demand/request/desire )Insist(坚持要求)柒It is suggested/advised/proposed/ordered/required. that sb (should) do sth柒 The suggestion/advice/order.that sb (should)
8、do.Eg The teacher demanded that we (should) go to school on time.They requested that the meeting (should) be postpone.My advice is that she (should) wait till next week.He insisted that he hadnt steal the money and insisted that he (should) be set free.7. it is important/ necessary/strange/ natural/
9、 a pity.that sb (should) do sthEg. It is important that we (should) attend the meeting.It is a pity that he (should) refuse our invitation.8. it is high/about time that sb should do sthEg.Ifs high time that you should go to school.Practice填空1. If 1 him yesterday I him about it (see, ask)2. What do y
10、ou think would happen if there no light during the days?( be)3. But for you help, I couldnt the place.(find)4. If her lawyer here last Sunday, he her from going.(be, prevent)If it had not been fbr the liberation, no changes place in my hometown(take)5. If Miss Green late tomorrow, who would take her
11、 place?(come)6. It seems as if it already summer now.(be)7. I wish I him the day before yesterday.(see)8. I made the suggest that they the plan they had made.(stick)9. It is suggested that a study plan right now(make)10. They required that we them get in the crops.(help)11. It was ordered that no sm
12、oking in the library, which made the smokersunhappy.(allow)12. rd rather Tom tomorrow.(come)13. It is about time you the medicine, sir.(take)14. If there no electricity in the future, our life a lot.(be, change)15. What would have happened if you her child?(not help)16. It is strange that he so.(thi
13、nk)18.1 wish I my uncle yesterday.(meet)19. Galileo insisted that the earth round the sun.(move)1. .1 was very busy yesterday, otherwise I to the meeting.(come)21. If only I to my parents9 advice!(listen)22. His silence at the meeting suggested that he to your plan.(agree)23. Without electricity, human being life quite different today(be)24. If you my advice just now, you better now.(fbllow9 be)