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1、Unit 3Amazing people2021/8/11 星期三12021/8/11 星期三21、curious adj.好奇的；奇怪的，不寻常的；难以理解的be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth.对做某事感到好奇be curious that从句/wh从句(从句谓语可用陈述语气也可用虚拟语气)2021/8/11 星期三3I heard a curious noise coming from above.我听到从上面传来的一个奇怪的响声。We were curious about the cause of the accident/about w
2、hat caused the accident.我们对事故的起因很好奇。Hes curious to know what she said.他想知道她说了什么。They are curious how it is(should be)made.他们很想知道这是怎么做成的。2021/8/11 星期三4 Kids are always _ about what they see for the first time.A.eager B.curious C.anxious D.interestedB考查4个形容词的词义。A意为“急切盼望的，热心的”；B意为“好奇的，求知欲强的”；C意为“担忧的”；D
3、意为“感兴趣的”。2021/8/11 星期三52、preserve vt.保护，保存，保持 n.保护区preserve sb./sth.from sth.保护免受nature preserve 自然保护区In summer,a great deal of fruit may be preserved by freezing.夏天，大量的水果可冷藏。2021/8/11 星期三6wellpreserved adj.保存良好的preservation n.维护；保护；保持The water and soil preservation project has been set up.水土保持项目已经建
4、立起来了。2021/8/11 星期三73、辨析、辨析disturb,interrupt(1)disturb和interrupt都是及物动词，但意思不同。前者是“干扰、困扰”，后者是“打断”。(2)disturb还可表示“妨碍；妨害；侵犯(权利)；弄乱，打乱(计划等)；激荡(水面)”。She was disturbed to hear you had been injured in the accident.她听到你在事故中受了伤感到不安。Dont interrupt your teacher while he is talking.老师在讲话的时候你不要打断他。2021/8/11 星期三8He
5、 put his oars in the water and disturbed the smooth surface of the lake.他把桨放入水中，搅乱了平静的湖面。Dont disturb the paper on my desk.别乱动我桌上的文件。disturbing adj.令人不安的；使人震惊的2021/8/11 星期三9 The programme was _ for half an hour because of a sudden power failure last night.A.disturbed B.missed C.interrupted D.pausedC
6、本句意思为“昨晚因停电，节目被中断了半个小时。”interrupt中断；disturb打乱，扰乱；miss思念，错过；pause暂停，为不及物动词。2021/8/11 星期三104、辨析、辨析certain，sure一般来说，sure和certain的用法是相同的，但sure的语气比certain听起来弱些，而区别主要体现在搭配上。(1)两者都能用于以下句型中：a.be sure/certain about/of短语，表示“对(某事)有把握”。主语必须是人，about/of之后多跟名词、代词。I am sure/certain of his returning.我确信他会回来。2021/8/1
7、1 星期三11b.be sure/certain to do sth.句型中，表示“一定会做某事”，主语可以是人，也可以是物。Spring is sure/certain to follow winter.冬天过后一定是春天。This is sure/certain to result in/cause a quarrel.这肯定会引起一场争吵。c.两者都能用于“sb.be sure/certain 从句”和“sb.make sure/certain 从句”句型中，表示“确信”，“确定；弄清楚”。You must make sure/certain when the bus will leav
8、e.你必须弄清汽车何时出发2021/8/11 星期三12(2)二者的不同点在于：a.如果it作为形式主语代替从句时，则其后的表语用certain，而不能用sure。It isnt certain whether he will give us a report next Monday.下星期一他是否来为我们作报告还不能确定。b.两者在作定语时含义不同。sure意为“可靠的；无误的”；而certain若修饰可数名词，意为“某一；某些；某种；一些”，若修饰抽象名词，表示程度，意为“有点；有些”。2021/8/11 星期三13He made a sure answer.他回答得准确无误。A cert
9、ain person called on me yesterday.昨天有个人来找过我。c.在祈使句中常用sure，不宜用certain。Be sure and remember what I told you.千万要记住我对你讲的话。2021/8/11 星期三14d.口语中，sure常作副词，用在肯定答语中替代surely，这时与of course，certainly意思相当，而certain不可作副词用。Would you please turn down the radio a little bit?请你把收音机音量调小点，好吗？Sure/Of course/Certainly.当然可以
10、。2021/8/11 星期三15 Its _ that he said:“I am _ to help you.”Dont take it seriously.He is always playing that trick.A.sure;sure B.certain;certain C.sure;certain D.certainly;surelyBit 作形式主语时只能用certain 作表语。人作主语时，sure和certain都可以用，但是不能用surely。故选B。2021/8/11 星期三165、once adv.一次，曾经 conj.一旦就She once knew him.她以前
11、认识他。Once bitten,twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。/吃一次亏，学一次乖。Once you begin,you must continue.一旦开了头，你就应当继续下去。2021/8/11 星期三17once more/again 再一次；重新at once 马上，立刻；(instantly)同时once upon a time 从前(用于故事的开头)all at once 一下子，突然once and for all(或once for all)一劳永逸地；彻底地2021/8/11 星期三18 Shall we have our picnic tomorrow?_ i
12、t doesnt rain.A.Until B.While C.Once D.IfD明天我们去野餐好吗？如果不下雨的话(我们就去)。考查条件状语从句。until“直到时”，用于否定句时，意为“直到才”；while“当时候”；once“一旦就”；if“如果”。据句意，选D。该句完整形式为：If it doesnt rain,we shall have our picnic tomorrow.2021/8/11 星期三196、desire n.愿望，欲望，渴望 vt.渴望，期望have a strong desire to do sth.有强烈的愿望做某事have a desire for sth
13、.渴望得到某物desire(sb.)to do sth.渴望(某人)做某事desire that sb.should do 渴望Each student in his class has a strong desire to go to a famous university.在他的班上每个学生都有上名牌大学的强烈的愿望。My parents desire me to become a doctor.我的父母亲渴望我能成为一名医生。2021/8/11 星期三20 He has a strong desire that (他的父亲能回来)for a New Years holiday.his f
14、ather should come back2021/8/11 星期三21 His father (渴望他能上重点大学)desires him to enter a key university2021/8/11 星期三227、apply vt.涂，敷；应用，实施；vi.申请，请求；适用 apply oneself to 致力于；专心于apply sth.to sth.应用某物于某物apply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物apply to sb./sth.适于/应用于某人/某物2021/8/11 星期三23In this way they can better apply the
15、ory to practice.这样他们就能更好地把理论运用到实践中去。He has applied for a post in England.他已申请在英国供职。These were old regulations they dont apply any more.这些是旧的规则，它们现在不再适用了。2021/8/11 星期三24 application n.申请；应用；专心applied adj.应用的He applied himself to learning French.他专心学习法语。2021/8/11 星期三25Apply some medicine _ his wound.A
16、.on B.for C.to D.inC句意：把药敷到伤口上。applyto在此表示“涂/敷到上”。2021/8/11 星期三26The villagers _ the local government for financial help.A.asked for B.applied to C.looked for D.applied forBapply to sb.for sth.向某人申请某物。2021/8/11 星期三271、辨析、辨析as well as,as well(1)as well as作为习语用作介词时，其含义是“还有”、“不但而且”。在A as well as B的结构里，
17、语意的重点在 A，不在 B。He can speak Spanish as well as English.他不但会说英语，而且会讲西班牙语。as well as用作连词引出比较从句，其义为“和一样好”。语意的重点依旧在前部。He speaks Spanish as well as English.他说西班牙语像说英语一样好。2021/8/11 星期三28 用于主语之后，谓语动词的单复数形式跟它前面的主语保持一致。The students,as well as their teacher,are all excited at the news.听到这个消息，学生们和老师都感到兴奋。2021/8
18、/11 星期三29(2)as well 单独使用于句尾表示“也”，相当于also,但不能用于否定句。He is a host and a writer as well.他既是一位主持人又是一位作家。可构成短语might/may as well“不妨”“还是为好”，后可直接跟动词原形。You may as well try it again.你不妨再试一试。2021/8/11 星期三30In addition to English,he has to study a second language.He has to study a second language _ English.He ha
19、s to study English and a second language _.as well as;as well2021/8/11 星期三31There is nothing to do,so I _ in the office and wait for the manager to come back.A.may as well to stay B.may as well staying C.may as well stay D.may as well stayedC句意：没有别的办法，因此我只好待在办公室等经理回来。may/might as well do sth.意思是“还是做
20、某事为好”、“不如做某事”。2021/8/11 星期三32My sister,as well as her classmates who _ late for class,_ criticized by Mr.Hunt.A.were;was B.was;were C.was;was D.were;wereA由于定语从句中的主谓一致是由先行词决定的，所以前面一空和her classmates一致，用复数谓语动词的形式；当as well as并列连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数由as well as前面那个主语决定，即：my sister，所以用单数。2021/8/11 星期三332、come acr
21、oss 偶然碰到；走过来；出现于 I came across his name on the list.我无意中在名单上发现了他的名字。2021/8/11 星期三34同义短语有run across/run intoHave you come/run across any problems with your homework?最近家庭作业有问题吗？2021/8/11 星期三35 Have you _ some new ideas?Yeah,I will tell you later.A.come about B.come across C.come up with D.come out wit
22、hC考查与come相关的词组的辨析。come about 发生；come across 偶然碰到；come up with 想出，提出；come out with 发表，公布；说出。2021/8/11 星期三363、辨析、辨析manage to do,try to do,try doing(1)manage to do 意为“设法做成了某事”，强调其结果是成功的。(2)try to do意为“尽力做某事”，但是不一定成功。(3)try doing sth.意为“试着做某事；尝试做”。He managed to do the operation with very little help.在没有
23、多少帮助的情况下，他设法把手术做成功了。2021/8/11 星期三37He tried to pass the exam,but he failed.他努力想通过考试，但是失败了。Lets try knocking at the back door.咱们敲后边的门试试。In spite of these insults,she managed not to get angry.尽管遭受到这些侮辱，她忍着没发火。2021/8/11 星期三384、辨析、辨析 result in，result from(1)result in 导致，造成，产生某种作用或结果(2)result from 产生于，由引
24、起，缘于Drug abuse will result in worse health.滥用毒品会导致体质降低。Sickness often results from eating too much.疾病往往因吃得太多而引起。2021/8/11 星期三39as a result as a consequence 因而，结果；作为结果as a result of 由于的原因表原因的介词短语还有：because of,on account of,owing to,due to,thanks to2021/8/11 星期三40Last night,their house was broken into
25、._，they suffered heavy losses.A.Result in B.As a result C.Result from D.As a result ofB句意：昨晚，有人闯入他们家。结果，他们遭受巨大损失。A、C为动词短语，作谓语；B接结果；D接原因。2021/8/11 星期三41Jenny nearly missed the flight _ doing too much shopping.A.as a result of B.on top of C.in front of D.in need ofA句意：由于购物花费时间太多，珍妮差点错过航班。考查介词短语辨析。A.由于
26、；B.(危险)逼近；除之外；完全控制(局面)；C.在前面；D.需要。2021/8/11 星期三42If breathed in是过去分词作条件状语，这里相当于if the viruses are breathed in。当从句的主语和主句的主语一致，从句又有be动词，或从句主谓结构是it is时，常省略从句的主语和be动词。If heated,water will turn into steam.If water is heated,it will turn into steam.水如果受热就会变成水蒸气。1、If breathed in,they can result in illness
27、or even death.如果把病毒吸入了，就可能生病甚至死亡。2021/8/11 星期三43When asked why he went there,he said he was sent there to be trained for a space flight.When he was asked why he went there,heflight.当被问及他为什么去那儿时，他回答说他是被送去那儿为太空航行作训练的。2021/8/11 星期三44Every evening after dinner,if not _ from work,I will spend some time p
28、ractising playing the piano.A.being tired B.tiring C.tired D.to be tiredC“每天晚餐后，如果工作不是很累，我会花一些时间练习弹钢琴。”考查非谓语动词作状语。从句补充完整为If I am not tired主句和从句主语一致，省略主语和be动词，又因该句的动作为经常发生，所以排除A、D。2021/8/11 星期三45(1)强调句型：It is/was(not)被强调部分 that 其他。强调人时that可换为who。It was in New Zealand that Elizabeth first met Mr Smith
29、.正是在新西兰伊丽莎白第一次见到了史密斯先生。It was not he but I that/who was to blame.要怪的不是他，是我。2、Although Yang did not get the best scores on every single test,it was his high scores on the psychological tests that finally won him the status of Chinas first astronaut.杨虽然并没有在每门测试中得最高分，但是是他的心理测试最高分使得他最终赢得中国第一宇航员的地位。2021/
30、8/11 星期三46(2)一般疑问句：Is/Was it 被强调部分 that 未被强调部分？Was it yesterday that you saw a foreigner in the park?你在公园见到一个外国人是在昨天吗？(3)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词 is/was it that 未被强调部分？Who was it that was to blame?这件事到底该怪谁？2021/8/11 星期三47It was along the Mississippi River _ Mark Twain spent much of his childhood.A.how B.which C.
31、that D.whereC“沿着密西西比河，马克吐温度过了许多童年时光。”考查强调句型。本句强调地点状语，故选C。2021/8/11 星期三48It was not until midnight _ they reached the camp site.A.that B.when C.while D.asA“直到午夜他们才到达野营地。”考查强调句型。本句对not until连接的时间状语进行强调。2021/8/11 星期三49Acurious 好奇的；excited 兴奋的；anxious 焦急的；careful 仔细的。People have always _ about exactly h
32、ow life on earth began.(2010天津)A.curious B.excited C.anxious D.careful2021/8/11 星期三502021/8/11 星期三51如何写好并列句 并列句是指在一个句子中含有两个或两个以上互不依从的主谓结构(即并列分句)。并列句中的几个分句通常由并列连词来连接，所以写好并列句掌握连词的意义及语法作用是关键。2021/8/11 星期三52【句型1】简单句 并列连词 简单句Faced with difficulties,they never give up but try their best to find a way out.
33、面临困难，他们从不放弃，而是尽最大努力解决。连接并列句的连词可分为以下几类：单纯连词：and,bothand，not only but also，as well as，转折连词：but，however,yet,still,while，选择连词：or，notbut，either or，neither nor 推理连词：so,therefore,for，2021/8/11 星期三53【句型2】祈使句 and/or(otherwise)简单句Take the chance,or/otherwise you will regret it.抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。本句型是并列句的一种特殊用法，可以
34、与包含有条件状语从句的复合句进行转换。上句可转换为：If you dont take the chance,you will regret it.2021/8/11 星期三54将下列简单句合并成并列句。1.Im interested in English.I hope to be an interpreter in the future._2.The English teacher came to me.I was reading the text aloud as other students._2021/8/11 星期三553.He was very tired.He fell sound
35、 asleep._4.Li Meng sings well.Li Meng dances well._5.You should study hard.Youll fail in the exam._2021/8/11 星期三561.Im interested in English and hope to be an interpreter in the future.2.The English teacher came to me while I was reading the text aloud as other students.3.He was very tired;therefore
36、 he fell sound asleep.4.Not only does Li Meng sing well,but also she dances well.5.Study hard,or youll fail in the exam.2021/8/11 星期三572021/8/11 星期三58动词和动词短语动词和动词短语一、一、动词动词的分的分类类根据意义和句法作用，英语动词可分为4类：1行为动词(实义动词)及物动词(带宾语)：study,develop不及物动词(不带宾语)work,swim,go,come状态动词(相对静止)contain,exist,own,prefer,belon
37、g动作动词 延续性(work,stay)；非延续性(marry,go,come)2021/8/11 星期三592系动词表示人或事物的特征和状态：be,feel,look,seem,taste,appear,sound表示状态的变化：turn,go,become,get,fall,grow表示某种状态的延续或持续：remain,keep,stay3助动词(与动词原形或分词构成复合谓语)：be(am,is,are)，do(does,did);have(has);will,would,shall4情态动词：can(could)，may(might),must,shall(should)2021/8/
38、11 星期三60一、一、动词词义动词词义辨析辨析 动词是各类考试的重点，高考试题中，单项填空、完形填空等题型中，动词辨义的比重较大，并逐年增加。动词辨义主要指：1形状相同的动词之间辨义。如：lie,lay;hanged,hung;rise,raise;sit,seat等。2意义相近的动词之间辨义。如：borrow,lend;speak,say,talk;hope,wish等。2021/8/11 星期三613动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨义。如：advise,advice;cost,worth;pass,past 等。4意义不同，但容易混淆的动词的辨义。如：explain,say;disc
39、over,invent,uncover;find,find out等。5某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨义。如：ask,give,call,make,find,get,keep,want,see,hear等。6某些常用动词短语的辨义。如：give in,give up,turn on,turn off,turn down,turn up等。2021/8/11 星期三62二、易混二、易混动词归纳对动词归纳对比比 1lay(放),lie(躺)与lie(说谎)：中文 原形 过去式 过去分词 现在分词说明放laylaidlaidlaying及物动词躺lielaylainlying不及物动词说谎lielied
40、liedlying不及物动词2021/8/11 星期三632.rise和raise：rise vi.(rose,risen),而raise vt.(raised,raised)。3hear与listen to：hear侧重点是听到，听见什么，而listen to是侧重于听的倾向，但hear用于无意中的听见，而listen to却用于集中注意力的听。4see,watch和look：see用作看电影，剧目；watch则用作看电视比赛，而watch还有在旁观看之意。如：Are you going to play or only watch?look一般用作不及物动词，只是当盯着某人看时用作及物动词，
41、如：The little boy looked me in the face.(小男孩直盯着我的脸。)2021/8/11 星期三645wind和wound：wind意为“蜿蜒而行”，其过去式与过去分词都是wound，而动词原形wound意为“伤害”，其过去式、过去分词都是wounded。6hang的用法：hang有两个意思：一为悬挂，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是hung；二为绞刑，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是hanged。7bear的过去分词born与borne：bear作为“出生”讲有两个过去分词born，borne。只有当be born短语后没有by介词短语时，才可用born。
42、如：He was born in Shanghai.而作他用时要用borne。如：She has borne five children.但如果作“忍受”讲，则一律用borne。2021/8/11 星期三658sit与seat：seat为及物动词时是作“容纳”讲，sit只是表示动作。seat如果表示“就座”时要用be seated。如：They were seated at their desks.或用seat oneself,比如：I seated myself in the armchair.9borrow,lend与keep：“借入”英文中用borrow，“借出”用lend，但这两个词都
43、是截止性动词或瞬间动词，不能用于长时间的动作，所以能“借”多久应用keep。10steal与rob：steal为“偷”。rob为“抢”，其用法不同。steal其后接物from某人、某地，而rob其后接人of抢的物品。2021/8/11 星期三6611fit与suit：fit与suit均可作“合适”讲，但英文中却用在不同的地方。如fit用于尺寸大小的合适，而suit则多用于颜色式样的合适。12take,bring 与fetch：英文中“拿”3个词，即“拿来，拿去，去取然后回来(即双程)”。所以“拿来，带来”是bring，“拿去，带走”是take，而“去取回来”是fetch。13answer与re
44、ply：作为“回答”讲answer是及物动词，如作不及物动词，则意义不同，如answer for，意为“向某人或向某事负责”。而reply作“回答”讲是不及物动词，后跟宾语时，要加上to。2021/8/11 星期三6714lost,gone与missing：作补足语时意为“丢失、不见了”，可以用lost,gone，但要用 miss时则不能用missed,而要用missing。15have on,wear,put on及dress：作“穿衣服”讲的动词分为状态和动作两种。have on与wear作穿着状态讲；但have on不用进行时态，而wear则常要用进行时态。put on是动作，但dres
45、s既可用作状态，又可用作穿衣动作，但用作状态时要用其过去分词作形容词如：He was dressed in a blue suit.作动作讲时，其后不要接衣物而要接反身代词或表示人、物的名词，如：I dress my children in the morning every day.2021/8/11 星期三6816speak,say,talk与tell英文中“讲”有4个词，speak,say,talk,tell，但其中speak,talk多用作不及物动词，但speak后加语言名词时则用作及物动词，如：Please speak English.而say与tell是及物动词，其中tell常用作
46、接双宾语，如：Tell me a story.但也有些特定的习惯用法，如：在作“讲实话，讲谎言”2021/8/11 星期三69 表示时间常用单宾语而不能换其他词，如：My watch was broken.It couldnt tell time correctly在书信、便条、海报上写着英文应为It said在作“辨别不同”讲时是tell，如：Can you tell me the difference between the two？而“讲别人好、坏话”时用speak，如：The father always speaks well of his son.2021/8/11 星期三7017与
47、名词易混的动词有：advise(v.),advice(n.);bathe(v.),bath(n.);breathe(v.),breath(n.);choose(v.),choice(n.);succeed(v.),success(n.)。2021/8/11 星期三7118意义相近的动词：ring 摇铃，打铃，电话铃响；strike 专指敲钟，打几点，撞击；suggest提出实验性或推测性的建议，advice表示对经验不足的人的一种忠告；look由视觉得出的印象，seem暗示一定根据的判定，appear外表印象而实际或结果并非如此；stay停留，逗留，remain遗物，某物被取走一部分后剩余部分
48、；discover(发现)找到早已存在但未被人所了解的东西，invent(发明)研制出不存在的东西；remember记忆起以前的经历或知道的事，remind提醒某人做某事。2021/8/11 星期三72三、三、动词动词短短语语 动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。有关动词短语的测试点主要涉及结构上选用恰当的搭配词，不同搭配含义上的辨异及不同短语的辨异。需掌握以下要点：1根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词副词(不及物)Harry turned up after the party when everyone had left.晚会后，人们都已离去，哈里出现了。2021/
49、8/11 星期三73(2)动词副词(及物)Please turn every light in the house off.请把房子里的每一盏灯都关掉。注意：注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。She turned off all the lights which had been left on.她关掉了所有还在亮着的灯。如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.她送掉了它们。2021/8/11 星期三74(3)动词介词(及物)Im looking for my glasses.我在找我的眼镜。注意：注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面
50、。动词短语可以放在句子或从句末尾。Shes got more work than she can cope with.她的工作多得使她应付不了。2021/8/11 星期三75(4)动词副词介词I look forward to seeing you soon.我盼望不久就见到你。注意：注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这3种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetable can be well looked after.(不能漏掉after)这样一来，粮食和蔬菜都能兼顾了。2021/8/11 星期三7