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1、2021/8/11 星期三1话题1.The qualities of a great person(伟人的品质)2The lives of some great people(一些伟人的生活)功能1.Asking for opinions(征求意见)2Giving opinions(发表意见)语法The Attributive Clause()(where，when，why，prep.which/whom)定语从句(2)(由where，when，why，prep.which/whom引导)2021/8/11 星期三2重点单词quality，mean，active，principle，manki
2、nd，lawyer，devote，found，fee，hopeful，willing，vote，attack，equal，escape，educate，beg，reward，sentence(vt.)，opinion重点短语lose heart，in trouble，turn to，out of work，as a matter of fact，blow up，come to power，set up，be sentenced to重点句型1.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.2I felt bad the fir
3、st time I talked to a group.2021/8/11 星期三31devote vt.(与与to连用连用)献身；专心于献身；专心于归纳拓展归纳拓展把把专用于专用于，完全用于，完全用于其中其中to是介词，后接名词或动名词是介词，后接名词或动名词2021/8/11 星期三4(2)devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的忠实的；深爱的devotion n关爱，关照；奉献关爱，关照；奉献She devoted herself to her work.她致力于她的工作。她致力于她的工作。Mr.Zhang devoted his life to helping the blind.张先生
4、一生都致力于帮助盲人。张先生一生都致力于帮助盲人。They are devoted to their children.他们深爱着自己的孩子。他们深爱着自己的孩子。2021/8/11 星期三5【链接训练链接训练】Nowadays many school children _ too much time _ playing computer games.Aspend；on Bdevote；toCtake；to Dcost；in【解解析析】考考查查动动词词用用法法。表表示示“花花费费”时时，take和和cost不不能能用用sb.作作主主语语，排排除除C、D两两项项；spend的的用用法法是是sb.
5、spend time in doing sth.或或sb.spend time on sth.，所所以以A项项中中on应应改改为为in；devote.ton./doing意意为为“把把用用于于”，符符合合题题意，故意，故B项正确。项正确。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三62vote vt.&vi.投票；选举；投票；选举；n.投票；选票；表决投票；选票；表决 归纳拓展归纳拓展vote for 赞成；投某人的票赞成；投某人的票vote against 投票反对投票反对vote to do sth.投票表决做某事投票表决做某事vote on/upon.对对投票表决投票表决vote sth.t
6、hrough 表决通过表决通过(提案等提案等)80%of students vote for/against Jim.80%的学生都投了吉姆的的学生都投了吉姆的赞赞成票成票/反反对对票。票。2021/8/11 星期三7Well have to vote on the problem.我我们们得得对这对这一一问题问题投票表决。投票表决。There were 400 votes for Mr.Black，and 350 against.400票支持布莱克先生，票支持布莱克先生，350票反票反对对。2021/8/11 星期三8【链接训练链接训练】They should have the right
7、_.Avote Bvote for Cvote out Dto vote【解解析析】have the right to do sth.“有有权权利利做做某某事事”。vote for“赞赞成成”，后后应应跟跟宾宾语语；vote out“罢罢免免”，也也不不能能单独使用。单独使用。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三9People in the city _ the lawyer to be the leader of the committee，for they thought he could give a correct order of the city.Avoted against
8、Bvoted onCvoted for Dvoted with【解解析析】考考查查vote的的用用法法。vote for“投投票票赞赞成成”；vote against“投投票票反反对对”；vote on sth.“投投票票表表决决”；没有没有vote with这一结构。结合句意，只有这一结构。结合句意，只有C项合适。项合适。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三103attack v进进攻攻，攻攻击击；开开始始，着着手手；(疾疾病病)侵侵袭袭，侵侵害害n攻击；进攻；病情发作攻击；进攻；病情发作(可数名词可数名词)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)launch/make an attack on/agai
9、nst.attack.对对发发动进攻；袭击，抨击动进攻；袭击，抨击under attack遭到袭击遭到袭击/抨击抨击air attack空袭空袭a surprise attack突然袭击突然袭击a heart attack心脏病突发心脏病突发2021/8/11 星期三11(2)attack sb.with sth.用用攻击某人攻击某人attack sb.for sth.抨击某人某事抨击某人某事(3)attacker n攻击者攻击者At dawn the army attacked(made an attack on)the town.军队在黎明时向这座城镇发动攻击。军队在黎明时向这座城镇发动攻
10、击。The doctor predicted that the disease that often attacks children would be prevented.医生预言将能预防这种经常侵袭儿童的疾病。医生预言将能预防这种经常侵袭儿童的疾病。The old man suffered a heart attack yesterday.这位老人昨天心脏病发作了。这位老人昨天心脏病发作了。2021/8/11 星期三12【链接训练链接训练】After he became conscious，he remembered _ and _ on the head with a rod.Ato a
11、ttack；hit Bto be attacked；to be hitCattacking；be hit Dhaving been attacked；hit【解解析析】句句意意为为：恢恢复复意意识识后后，他他记记得得被被袭袭击击了了并并且且头头上上被被挨挨了了一一棍棍。remember to do sth.“记记住住要要做做某某事事”；remember doing sth.“记记着着做做了了某某事事”。因因为为he与与attack和和hit之之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故间是被动关系，应用被动语态，故D项正确。项正确。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三134equal v.等等于于；抵
12、抵得得上上adj.相相等等的的；平平等等的的；胜胜任任的；的；n.同等的人；相等物同等的人；相等物归纳拓展归纳拓展A equals B in.A在在方面比得上方面比得上Bbe equal to n/doing sth.胜任某事胜任某事/做某事做某事be without equal/have no equal无与伦比；无敌无与伦比；无敌2021/8/11 星期三14(2)equally adv.同等程度地；均等同等程度地；均等equality n平等平等Three plus two equals five.Three plus two is equal to five.3加加2等于等于5。I a
13、m not equal to the job.我不能我不能胜胜任任这这份工作。份工作。He equals me in strength but not in intelligence.他和我力气相当，但智力不同。他和我力气相当，但智力不同。Men are born equal and you shouldnt look down upon others.人人生而平等，你不能人人生而平等，你不能轻视别轻视别人。人。He is a player without equal.他是个无与他是个无与伦伦比的运比的运动员动员。2021/8/11 星期三15【链接训练链接训练】Mr.Smith doubte
14、d whether his daughter would be _ to the job at first，and she proved to be the right person.Aequal Bsimilar Cfamiliar Dcontent【解解析析】be equal to sth.“胜胜任任某某事事”，符符合合题题意意。be similar to“与与相似相似”，be familiar to sb.“为某人所熟知为某人所熟知”。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三16Everybody has a(n)_ chance.Now，lets see who can do it b
15、est.Asame Bequal Cwell Dalike【解解析析】句句意意为为“每每个个人人都都有有平平等等的的机机会会”，而而非非“同同一一个个”，故故不不用用A。C项项多多指指身身体体，不不作作定定语语，多多作作表表语语；D项作表语。项作表语。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三175escape vt.逃逃避避，逃逃脱脱，避避免免vi.逃逃脱脱，逃逃跑跑n逃逃脱；出口脱；出口归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)escape sth./doing sth.逃避某事逃避某事/做某事做某事escape from sb./sth.逃脱，逃走；从逃脱，逃走；从中逃出来中逃出来escape ones no
16、tice没注意没注意(2)make ones escape逃走逃走a narrow escape九死一生九死一生You are lucky to escape punishment/being punished.你真走运，逃过了惩罚。你真走运，逃过了惩罚。2021/8/11 星期三18The driver managed to escape from the burning car.这这位司机位司机终终于从燃于从燃烧烧的汽的汽车车里逃了出来。里逃了出来。The thief made his escape by jumping a car.小小偷偷跳上一跳上一辆辆汽汽车车逃跑了。逃跑了。2021
17、/8/11 星期三19【链接训练链接训练】He was a lucky dog，for he narrowly escaped _ by a car yesterday.Akilled BkillingCbeing killed Dfrom killing【解解析析】escape用用作作“逃逃跑跑，逃逃脱脱”之之意意时时后后接接动动名名词词或名词作宾语，根据语境可知此处应用被动语态。或名词作宾语，根据语境可知此处应用被动语态。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三206reward n奖赏，报酬，酬劳奖赏，报酬，酬劳vt.酬劳，奖赏，报答酬劳，奖赏，报答归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)as a rew
18、ard for sth.作为对某事的报酬作为对某事的报酬in reward作为回报作为回报(2)reward sb.with sth.for sth.给给某某人人的的酬酬劳劳来来感感谢谢其其做了做了reward sb.for(doing)sth.因为因为(做做)某事奖赏某人某事奖赏某人He received a title as a reward for his great contribution to the nation.他因对国家的巨大贡献获得了一个头衔。他因对国家的巨大贡献获得了一个头衔。He got nothing in reward for his kindness.他并没有因为
19、善意而得到报酬。他并没有因为善意而得到报酬。2021/8/11 星期三21He gave the boy a reward of 1 for bringing back the lost dog.He rewarded the boy with 1 for bringing back the lost dog.他他给给小男孩一英小男孩一英镑镑的的赏赏金作金作为为他他带带回走失的狗的酬回走失的狗的酬劳劳。2021/8/11 星期三22【链接训练链接训练】He helped her and she _ him with a smile.Agave Bbrought Crewarded Dsaid【
20、解解析析】句句意意为为：他他帮帮助助了了她她，她她回回报报给给他他一一个个微微笑笑。考考查查动动词词用用法法。give sb.sth.，bring sb.sth.，say to sb.，排排除除A、B、D三项；只有三项；只有reward sb.with sth.结构正确，故选结构正确，故选C项。项。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三231out of work失业失业be out of a job(表示状态表示状态)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)be out of workbe in work(反义词，表示状态反义词，表示状态)lose ones jobfind a job(反义词，表示动作反义
21、词，表示动作)(2)out of order混乱，无秩序；有毛病混乱，无秩序；有毛病out of date过时过时out of danger脱离危险脱离危险2021/8/11 星期三24out of patience没有耐心没有耐心out of ones reach够不着够不着out of control 失去控制失去控制out of temper发脾气发脾气out of breath气喘吁吁气喘吁吁out of mind心不在焉心不在焉Work hard，or you will be out of work.好好干，不然你会失好好干，不然你会失业业的。的。He lost his job la
22、st week and his wife has been out of work for two months.上周他失业了，他的妻子也已经失业两个月了。上周他失业了，他的妻子也已经失业两个月了。Out of sight,out of mind.谚谚眼不见，心不念。眼不见，心不念。2021/8/11 星期三25【链接训练链接训练】You cant find him in the office，for he is _ work today.Maybe he is at home.Aoff BatCout of Din【解析解析】off work“在休班在休班”，习惯用法。，习惯用法。【答案答案
23、】A2021/8/11 星期三26Youll have to use the stairs.Im afraid the lift is out of _.Aorder BworkCaction Dtouch【解解析析】out of order“出出问问题题，有有故故障障”，符符合合题题意意。out of work“失业失业”。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三272turn to求助于，致力于；翻到求助于，致力于；翻到归纳拓展归纳拓展turn to sb.for help求助某人求助某人turn against背叛背叛turn around转过身，转过来转过身，转过来turn in上交上
24、交turn on打开打开turn off关掉关掉turn up(把音量把音量)开大；出现开大；出现turn down开小；拒绝开小；拒绝2021/8/11 星期三28turn over翻转；翻身翻转；翻身turn out(to be)结果是；原来是；证明是结果是；原来是；证明是Nobody seems to understand.I dont know who to turn to.似乎没有人懂似乎没有人懂这这个。我不知道个。我不知道该该向向谁谁求助求助Turn to page 10，please.请请翻到第翻到第10页页。The job turned out(to be)harder tha
25、n we thought.这这份工作份工作结结果比我果比我们们想象得要想象得要难难。2021/8/11 星期三29【链接训练链接训练】The French pianist who had been praised very highly_ to be a great disappointment.Aturned up Bturned inCturned out Dturned down【解解析析】考考查查动动词词短短语语辨辨析析。turn up“露露面面；调调大大声声音音”；turn in“上上交交”；turn out“原原来来是是，结结果果”；turn down“调调小小音音量量等等，拒拒绝
26、绝”。句句意意为为：被被高高度度赞赞扬扬的的法法国国钢钢琴琴家家结结果果是大失所望。是大失所望。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三303come to power上台，执政；当权上台，执政；当权归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)come to powercome into power当权；上台当权；上台(2)come to power不不可可与与时时间间段段状状语语连连用用，如如果果与与时时间间段段连用应改为连用应改为be in power。(3)be in power握有政权；当权握有政权；当权beyond/out of ones power(某人某人)力所不及的力所不及的within ones
27、power(某人某人)力所能及的力所能及的do everything in ones power to do sth.尽全力做某事尽全力做某事The party came to/into power 4 years ago.The party has been in power for 4 years.2021/8/11 星期三31这这个政党个政党执执政有政有4年了。年了。Its beyond/out of my power to help you.我没有能力帮助你。我没有能力帮助你。I did everything in my power to help the homeless villa
28、gers.我尽力帮助那些无家可我尽力帮助那些无家可归归的村民的村民们们。2021/8/11 星期三32【链接训练链接训练】He _ for ten years but still doesnt want to leave office.Ahas been in power Bhas come to powerChas taken office Dcame into power【解解析析】come to/into power和和take office均均为为短短暂暂性性动动词词短短语语，不不能能和和一一段段时时间间连连用用，而而be in power表表状状态态，能能和和一段时间连用，故选一段时
29、间连用，故选A。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三334be sentenced to被判处被判处(徒刑徒刑)归纳拓展归纳拓展(1)sentence vt.判决；宣判判决；宣判n判决；句子判决；句子(2)sentence sb.to death/life imprisonment/some time in prison判处某人死刑判处某人死刑/终身监禁终身监禁/刑期刑期(3)a prison sentence判处监禁判处监禁a light/heavy sentence轻判轻判/重判重判be under sentence of death被判处死刑被判处死刑He was sentenced
30、 to three years in prison.他被判处他被判处3年徒刑。年徒刑。The judge sentenced the prisoner to death.法官判决这名犯人死刑。法官判决这名犯人死刑。The judge passed sentence.法官宣布了判决。法官宣布了判决。2021/8/11 星期三34【链接训练链接训练】_，and Charles felt hopeless.ABecause he was sentenced to deathBAs he was sentenced to deathCSentenced to deathDHe was sentence
31、d to death【解解析析】由由and可可知知这这是是并并列列句句，而而A、B两两项项是是原原因因状状语语从从句句，故故被被排排除除；C项项是是过过去去分分词词短短语语作作状状语语，不不与与and连连用；只有用；只有D项是简单句，全句是并列句。项是简单句，全句是并列句。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三355I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第第一一次次我我向向(参参观观)小小组组谈谈论论(罗罗本本岛岛监监狱狱的的情情况况)时时，心心里里觉得很不好受。觉得很不好受。the first/second/last time 是是名名
32、词词短短语语，但但有有时时可可用用作作连连词词，引引导导一一个个时时间间状状语语从从句句，意意为为“第第一一次次/第第二二次次/最最后后一一次次时时”。上上面面句句子子中中的的 the first time I talked to a group 可可换换成成When I talked to a group for the first time。归纳拓展归纳拓展类似的用法还有：类似的用法还有：2021/8/11 星期三36every time 每次每次/回回就就each time 每当每当时时next time 下次下次时时any time(在在)任何时间任何时间(2)有有时时副副词词也也可可
33、充充当当连连词词，引引导导时时间间状状语语从从句句，它它们们是是：instantly，immediately，directly 等，都相当于等，都相当于 as soon as。Every/Each time I was in trouble，he would come to help me out.每一次我遇到麻烦，他都会来帮我。每一次我遇到麻烦，他都会来帮我。2021/8/11 星期三37The moment I heard the voice，I knew Father was coming.听到声音的那一刻，我知道父听到声音的那一刻，我知道父亲亲来了。来了。The boy burst i
34、nto tears immediately he saw his mother.男孩一看到男孩一看到妈妈妈妈，立刻大哭起来。，立刻大哭起来。2021/8/11 星期三38【链接训练链接训练】_ they visited the Science Museum，they showed great interest in everything they saw.AThe first time BFor the first timeCAt first DAt the first time【解解析析】两两个个句句子子间间缺缺少少连连词词，而而在在四四个个选选项项中中，只只有有the first time
35、可用作连词，意为可用作连词，意为“当当第一次第一次”。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三39Eric rushed home _ he heard the news，only _ that his wife was gone.Aas soon as；finding Bimmediately；to findCthe moment；find Dwhen；found【解解析析】表表示示“一一就就”可可以以用用as soon as，immediately，the moment；第第二二个个空空only后后用用不不定定式式作作结结果果状语表示意想不到的结果。状语表示意想不到的结果。【答案答案】B2
36、021/8/11 星期三40关系副词以及由关系副词以及由“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1了了解解关关系系副副词词when，where和和why引引导导的的定定语语从从句句的的基本用法。基本用法。(1)Mr.Black would never forget the day.On the day he joined the army.以以上上为为两两个个简简单单句句，第第二二个个分分句句中中的的on the day指指第第一一个个分句中的分句中的the day，在分句中作时间状语。，在分句中作时间状语。2021/8/11 星期三41以以上上两两个个简简单单句句可可改改为为
37、一一个个复复合合句句，即即定定语语从从句句，其其连连接接词词用用关关系系副副词词when(表表示示时时间间)，其其先先行行词词往往往往是是表表示示时时间间的名的名词词(如如time，day，hour，year等等)。This was a time when there were still slaves in the USA.这这是一个美国是一个美国还还有奴隶的有奴隶的时时期。期。(2)在在英英语语中中，引引导导定定语语从从句句的的关关系系副副词词还还有有where(表表地地点点，其其先先行行词词往往往往是是表表示示地地点点的的名名词词，如如place，room，house，street，ar
38、ea等等)，why(表表示示原原因因，常常放放在在先先行行词词reason后面后面)。2021/8/11 星期三42Shanghai is the place where she was born.上海是她的出生地。上海是她的出生地。Is this the reason why he came late?这这就是他来晚的原因就是他来晚的原因吗吗？注注意意：先先行行词词当当表表示示时时间间、地地点点等等且且在在定定语语从从句句中中不不充充当当状状语语而而作作主主语语或或宾宾语语时时，不不用用when，where来来引引导导定定语语从从句，要用句，要用which或或that来引来引导导。2正确正确
39、选择选择关系代关系代词词与关系副与关系副词词在在定定语语从从句句中中，关关系系词词的的选选择择主主要要受受先先行行词词以以及及关关系系词词本身在从句中所充当的句子成分的制本身在从句中所充当的句子成分的制约约。2021/8/11 星期三43如如果果定定语语从从句句中中的的谓谓语语动动词词是是及及物物动动词词，而而其其后后又又没没有有宾宾语语，或或者者从从句句中中缺缺少少主主语语、定定语语或或表表语语，这这时时就就要要用用关关系系代代词词引引导导定定语语从从句句。如如果果定定语语从从句句中中的的谓谓语语是是不不及及物物动动词词，或或已已有有了了宾宾语语、定定语语、主主语语和和表表语语等等成成分分，
40、就就要要用用关关系系副副词词引引导这导这个定个定语语从句。从句。I know a place where we can skate.我知道一个我我知道一个我们们可以滑冰的地方。可以滑冰的地方。(作状作状语语)I know a place which/that is not far from here.我知道一个离我知道一个离这这儿不儿不远远的地方。的地方。(作主作主语语)2021/8/11 星期三443了解了解“介介词词关系代关系代词词which/whom”引引导导的定的定语语从句从句学学习习这这种种带带介介词词的的定定语语从从句句，要要特特别别注注意意，介介词词后后要要接接关关系系代代词词而
41、而不不接接关关系系副副词词(因因副副词词常常作作状状语语，不不作作宾宾语语)。还还要要注注意意介介词词之之后后的的关关系系代代词词只只有有两两个个：which和和whom，先先行行词词指指物物用用“介介词词which”；指指人人用用“介介词词whom”，且且两两个个关关系系代代词词均不可省略。均不可省略。介介词词的的选选用用必必须须遵遵循循两两个个原原则则：定定语语从从句句中中谓谓语语动动词词与先行与先行词词的搭配；的搭配；根据先行根据先行词词的特殊用法。的特殊用法。In the dark street，there wasnt a single person to whom she could
42、 turn for help.2021/8/11 星期三45在漆黑的街上，她找不到一个可以求助的人。在漆黑的街上，她找不到一个可以求助的人。该该句句介介词词的的选选用用遵遵循循第第个个原原则则：定定语语从从句句中中turn与与先先行行词词person搭搭配配形形成成turn to sb.(for help)“向向某某人人求求助助”这这个个固固定短定短语语。The gardener was asked to tell the way in which the poor dog had died.有人要求园丁有人要求园丁说说明狗是怎么死的。明狗是怎么死的。该该句句介介词词的的选选用用遵遵循循第第个
43、个原原则则：以以特特殊殊的的先先行行词词引引导导定定语语从从句句，且且从从句句缺缺状状语语，“以以的的方方式式”用用in(this，the)way，故用，故用in which。2021/8/11 星期三46注注意意：另另外外，介介词词的的选选用用还还要要根根据据从从句句与与主主句句的的意意思思搭搭配。配。My sister graduated from Zhejiang University，after which she went to Britain for further education.我姐姐我姐姐毕业毕业浙江大学，之后去英国深造。浙江大学，之后去英国深造。2021/8/11 星期
44、三47【链接训练链接训练】Professor Wooden makes roughly$1,000 every week，and 60 percent of _ is spent on books.Awhich Bthem Cit Dwhat【解解析析】如如果果没没有有and，则则可可以以用用which引引导导非非限限制制性性定语从句，但定语从句，但and起到连接作用，故用代词起到连接作用，故用代词it。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三48I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the country with the farmers，_
45、 has great effect on my life.Athat；which Bwhen；whichCwhich；that Dwhen；who【解解析析】考考查查定定语语从从句句的的引引导导词词。空空一一when引引导导定定语语从从句句，修修饰饰先先行行词词the years，且且在在从从句句中中作作时时间间状状语语；空空二二which引引导导非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句，指指代代前前面面整整件件事事。句句意意为为：我我不不会会忘忘记记在在乡乡村村和和农农民民住住在在一一起起的的那那几几年年，这这对对我我的的人人生生影影响很大。响很大。【答案答案】B2021/8/11 星期三49We
46、are trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit down together and talk.Awhere Bthat Cwhen Dwhich【解解析析】先先行行词词a point在在从从句句中中作作地地点点状状语语，故故用用when引导定语从句。引导定语从句。【答案答案】A2021/8/11 星期三50Its the same in Chinamany people，_ some are not overweight at all，are always going on diet or taking weightloss pills，_
47、are often dangerous.Awhose；which Bof which；whoCof whom；which Dwho；that【解解析析】空空一一考考查查“介介词词关关系系代代词词”引引导导的的非非限限制制性性定定语语从从句句。先先行行词词为为many people，代代入入定定语语从从句句后后为为：some of people are not.，由由此此可可知知先先行行词词作作宾宾语语且且指指人人，故故用用whom引引导导，可可排排除除A、B、D项项。空空二二是是which引引导导的的非非限限制制性性定语从句，指代前面整个句子，故正确答案为定语从句，指代前面整个句子，故正确答案为C项。项。【答案答案】C2021/8/11 星期三51Do you know the reason _ he didnt turn up?Athat Bwhich Cfor Dwhy【解解析析】先先行行词词the reason在在定定语语从从句句中中作作原原因因状状语语，故故D项项正正确确。A、B在在从从句句中中作作主主语语或或宾宾语语，C项项不不引引导导定定语语从从句，故排除句，故排除A、B、C三项。三项。【答案答案】D2021/8/11 星期三522021/8/11 星期三53