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1、Unit 4 Unit 4 Global warmingGlobal warming2021/8/11 星期三1Windmills,renewable.What?Renewable?Warming up II(5 m)2021/8/11 星期三2What?What kind?Renewable?A coal power station,non-renewable.2021/8/11 星期三3What?What kind?Renewable?An oil refinery(精炼厂精炼厂),non-renewable.2021/8/11 星期三4What?What kind?Renewable?A
2、 nuclear power plant,non-renewable.2021/8/11 星期三5What?What kind?Renewable?A hydro-electric dam,renewable.2021/8/11 星期三6Guess it!vUranium Ore(铀矿石铀矿石)vThe element uranium does not occur in pure form in nature but is found in minerals such as carnotite（钒钾铀矿）钒钾铀矿）,pictured here.2021/8/11 星期三7What source
3、 of energy?vGeysers(间歇泉间歇泉)2021/8/11 星期三8Geothermal(地热的地热的)Energy Plant2021/8/11 星期三9基基础知知识自自测2021/8/11 星期三10一、单词拼写一、单词拼写 根据读音、词性和词义写下下列单词。根据读音、词性和词义写下下列单词。1 _ rB:frB:f n.图表图表;坐标图。坐标图。2 _fi5nCminEnfi5nCminEnn.现象。现象。3_fjuElfjuEln.燃料燃料 4 _5deitE5deitE n.资料资料;数据数据5 _5klaimit5klaimit n.气候气候 6 _steitstei
4、tvt.陈述；说明陈述；说明7 _reindVreindVn.种类；范围种类；范围 8 _5waIdspred5waIdspredadj.分布广的分布广的,普遍的。普遍的。9_di:5kri:sdi:5kri:s vi.vt.减少；使变小减少；使变小 graph phenomenonfuel data climatestaterangewidespreaddecrease2021/8/11 星期三1110 _ 5stedi5stediadj.稳固的；持续的。稳固的；持续的。11_i5zistEnsi5zistEnsn.生存；存在生存；存在 12_5autE5autEadj.外部的；外面的。外部
5、的；外面的。13_ pE5lu:FEnpE5lu:FEnn.污染；弄脏污染；弄脏 14_ I5lektrIk(E)lI5lektrIk(E)ladj.电的；与电有关的电的；与电有关的15_ 5mEutE5mEutE n.发动机发动机 16_kAnkAnn.容器；罐头容器；罐头17 _ 5maikrEuweiv5maikrEuweivn.微波炉；微波微波炉；微波 18 _ 5nju:kliE5nju:kliEadj.原子核的；核胡原子核的；核胡19_dIsE5ri:mEntdIsE5ri:mEntn.分歧；不一致分歧；不一致 20_ 5taitl5taitln.标题；题目标题；题目 title
6、steadyexistenceouterpollutionelectricalmotorcan microwavenucleardisagreement2021/8/11 星期三12二、单词运用二、单词运用 根据句子的结构和意义，以及中文提示，根据句子的结构和意义，以及中文提示，在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。在空格处填入一个恰当的单词。1 Coal is one of the cheapest types of _.2 You must drink a large _ of water.3 She enjoyed w_ fame afer her new film came out.4You h
7、ave to take the _(后果后果)of the accident.5The frontier _(延伸延伸)from the northern hills to the southern coast.ranges fuelquantitywidespreadconsequences2021/8/11 星期三136.An eclipse of the moon is one of the rare _（现象）（现象）7 Not everyone can afford journeys to _ space.8.The little girl drank four _(罐罐)of be
8、er,which made us surprised.9 Students numbers will have_(减少减少)to 3000 by the end of this term.10 Although we are burning coal in huge _ every year,we wont run out of it for centuries.quantitiesphenomenaoutercansdecreased2021/8/11 星期三14三、词语派生三、词语派生 用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。1 Prices are rising _(steady
9、)2.He is old enough to be _of his parents so he wants _ from them.(dependence)3.The president made a _（state）of his aims.4.Do you believe in the _（exist）of ghosts?5.The _（pollute）river should be dealt with by the government.steadily independent independence statement existence polluted 2021/8/11 星期三
10、156.How did you deal with the _(disagree)between colleagues(同事同事)7.The use of energy is Tims country is low _(compare to)the use of energy in the USA.8.Mother asked little Tom to _(renewable)the water in the goldfish bowl.9.This machine has an _(electricity)fault.10.The significant earthquake broken
11、 out last night caused a _(catastrophe)failure.disagreement compared to Renew electrical catastrophic 2021/8/11 星期三16四、词组互译四、词组互译1 _ 逐步建立；增加逐步建立；增加 2_ 依赖；依靠依赖；依靠 3_ 发生；造成发生；造成 4 _ 等等等等 5 _大量的大量的 6_ 有关系；有影响有关系；有影响 7 _ 只要只要 8 _ 在在A和和B 之间变化之间变化 range from A to B build updepend oncome aboutand so onquan
12、tities ofmake a differenceas long as2021/8/11 星期三179_继续继续10 _ 把把比作；比作；11 _ 导致导致 12 _ 大体上；基本上大体上；基本上13 _按平均数计算按平均数计算14 _忍受；容忍忍受；容忍15_ 一瞥一瞥 glance at keep oncompare to result inon the wholeon averageput up with2021/8/11 星期三18五五 词组运用词组运用词组填空词组填空 从上面的短语中选择恰当的短语填空。从上面的短语中选择恰当的短语填空。1.Were _ him finishing
13、her job by Friday.2.He _knowledge _ wings to fly.3.Tell me how the accident _4._ books were on the desk.5.The accident _ ten deaths.resulted in depending oncompared tocame aboutQuantities of2021/8/11 星期三196.You need to _ your strength.7.Dont _ asking so many questions.8.He _ the envelope and recogni
14、zed his uncles handwriting.9.You can go to play _ you stay in the back yard.10.We cant _ his endless complaint.put up withbuild upkeep onglanced atas long as2021/8/11 星期三20完成句子完成句子 根据汉语意思完成英文句子。根据汉语意思完成英文句子。11.付款多少取决与你居住的地方。付款多少取决与你居住的地方。The amount you pay _ where you live.12.与与40年前相比，年前相比，卫生保健水平得到了
15、极大提高。卫生保健水平得到了极大提高。_,standards in health care have improved greatly.13.这种情况本不应该发生。这种情况本不应该发生。This situation _.14.警方发现了大量违禁药品。警方发现了大量违禁药品。Police found _ of illegal drugs.15.谈判结果削减了导弹数量。谈判结果削减了导弹数量。The talks _ reducing the number of missiles.resulted in depends on Compared with 40 years agoshould neve
16、r have come abouta large quantities of2021/8/11 星期三21句子翻译句子翻译16.我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。_17.他们的年龄在他们的年龄在25岁到岁到50岁之间。岁之间。_18.我不明白她怎么能容忍他没完没了的抱怨。我不明白她怎么能容忍他没完没了的抱怨。_19.这场雨影响了比赛。这场雨影响了比赛。_20.总得来说，我赞成这个建议。总得来说，我赞成这个建议。_On the whole,Im in favor of the proposal.We fail one student per year on averag
17、e.Their ages range from 25 to 50.I dont know how she puts up with his endless complaint.The rain made a difference to the game.2021/8/11 星期三22强调句型强调句型2021/8/11 星期三23强调句型，你掌握了吗强调句型，你掌握了吗？2021/8/11 星期三24一、一、It is/was+被强调部分被强调部分 +that+剩余的部剩余的部分分 被强调部分是人被强调部分是人 who/whom/that +剩余的部分剩余的部分 注意注意(被强调部分是被强调部分
18、是:主语，宾语，表语或状语主语，宾语，表语或状语)1.强调句的连接词一般只用强调句的连接词一般只用 that；强调人时，强调人时，可用可用who(主语主语)或或 whom(宾语宾语).2.强调句的时态一般为强调句的时态一般为“It was+that”3.强调句的一般疑问句句型：强调句的一般疑问句句型：Is/Was+it+所强所强调的部分调的部分+that/who/whom?4.强调句的一般疑问句句型：疑问词强调句的一般疑问句句型：疑问词+所强调的所强调的部分部分+that/who/whom?2021/8/11 星期三251.我是在街上遇见她的父亲的。我是在街上遇见她的父亲的。(强调在街上强调在
19、街上)2.你是你是8点开始工作的吗？（强调时间）点开始工作的吗？（强调时间）3.正是因为她病了，他们才没见她做这项工作。正是因为她病了，他们才没见她做这项工作。4.他他为为什么不能回答什么不能回答这这个个问题问题？It was in the street that I met her father.Was it at eight oclock that you began to work?Because she was ill,they didnt ask her to do the job.It was because she was ill that they didnt ask her
20、to do the job.Why was it that he couldnt answer the question.（强调原因）（强调原因）2021/8/11 星期三26判断是否是强调句是，可把判断是否是强调句是，可把 It is/was that 去去掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是掉，剩余部分在不增减任何词的情况下还是一个完整的句子，那么这种句子是强调句。一个完整的句子，那么这种句子是强调句。It was in the street that I met her father.In the street I met her father.It was because she w
21、as ill that they didnt ask her to do the job.Because she was ill,they didnt ask her to do the job.2021/8/11 星期三27二、二、not.until.的强调形式的强调形式:It is not until+被强调部分被强调部分+that.“直到直到才才”，主要用于强调时间状语的强调句型。主要用于强调时间状语的强调句型。I didnt realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.Not until
22、she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star.It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.2021/8/11 星期三28三、三、句子句子谓语谓语 的强调手段的强调手段：do/does/did+动词原形动词原形e.g 我的确相信他是老实人。我的确相信他是老实人。I do believe that he is an honest man.他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你
23、。他们昨天的确去看过你，但没见到你。They did go to see you yesterday,but failed to meet you.2021/8/11 星期三29四、四、What+从句从句+is/was 是名词从句结构，常用来强调主语、宾语。是名词从句结构，常用来强调主语、宾语。e.g他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。（强调宾语）他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。（强调宾语）What he wishes most is to become a pilot.所叙述的是所叙述的是现在或者将现在或者将来来发生的事情发生的事情What+从句从句 is 所叙述的是所叙述的是过去过去发生的发生的事情事
24、情What+从句从句 was 2021/8/11 星期三30What interested me most was the beautiful scenery.给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。（给予我们鼓励的是他为我们树立的榜样。（强调强调主语主语）What encouraged us was the example he set for us.What+从句从句+is/was 使我最感兴趣的是那美丽的风景。使我最感兴趣的是那美丽的风景。（强调主语强调主语）2021/8/11 星期三31巩固练习：巩固练习：1.It was _ he said _disappointed me.A.what
25、;that B.that;thatC.what;what D.that;what2.Is it in the factory _ this type of cars are produced?A.which B.where C.that D./3.Is it the factory_ this type of cars are produced?A.which B.where C.that D./2021/8/11 星期三324._ on Monday night that all this happened?A.Is it B.It is C.Was it D.It was5.It was
26、_ the old worker came that we _ the experiment.A.until;didnt begin B.not until;beganC.until began D.not until;didnt begin 6.It is I _ singing in the garden.A.who are B.who is C.that am D.that is2021/8/11 星期三337.-Why didnt you answer when I spoke to you in the street this morning?-I _ but you didnt h
27、ear me.A.did answer B.didnt want to answer C.couldnt answer D.was too busy8.It is in the west of China _ there is no doubt _it is going to rain tomorrow.A.where;whether B.that;thatC.that;whether D.where;that 9.It was 1969_ the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon.A.that B.when C.on w
28、hich D.which2021/8/11 星期三3410.It was the training _ he had as a young man _made him such a famous writer.A.when;that B.that;when C.that;who D.that;that2021/8/11 星期三351.It was about 600 years ago _ the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.(NMET 1997)A.that B.until C.before D.when2.It was
29、 only when I reread his poems recently _ I began to appreciate their beauty.(NMET 1998)A.until B.that C.then D.soAB高考链接2021/8/11 星期三363.It is these poisonous products _ can cause the symptoms of the flu,such as headache and aching muscles.(NMET 2003上海上海)A.who B.that C.how D.what4.Why!I have nothing
30、to confess._ you want me to say?(NMET 2004上海上海)A.What is it that B.What it is thatC.How is it that D.How it is thatBA2021/8/11 星期三375.It was _ back home after the experiment.(NMET 2004湖北湖北)A.not until midnight did he goB.until midnight that he didnt goC.not until midnight that he wentD.until midnigh
31、t when he didnt go6.It was with great joy _ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.(NMET 2004福建福建)A.because B.which C.since D.thatCD2021/8/11 星期三381.It is a rapid increase compared to most natural pare A to Bpare A with B：把把A比作比作B，一般要有相似之，一般要有相似之处，显示某人或某物与他人或处，显示某人或某物与他人或他物相同。他物相
32、同。：把把A和和B进行比较进行比较eg:eg:我们常把儿童比作花朵。我们常把儿童比作花朵。eg:eg:如果你把这本字典和那本比较一下，你就会如果你把这本字典和那本比较一下，你就会发现许多不同之处。发现许多不同之处。We often compare children to flowers.If you compare this dictionary with that one,youll find many differences.Language points for Reading I2021/8/11 星期三392.How has this come about and does it m
33、atter?come about:发生，造成发生，造成 相当于相当于happeneg:eg:你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？你能告诉我事情是怎么发生的吗？eg:eg:随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。随着电的使用，种种大变化发生了。Can you tell me how the accident came about？With the use of electricity,great changes have come e out come up出现；（消息）传开；（观点）公开出现；（消息）传开；（观点）公开发生、举行；（在空中）出现发生、举行；（在空中）出现2021/8/11 星期三403.ph
34、enomenon n.现象；现象；奇迹，罕见的人才或事物奇迹，罕见的人才或事物eg:eg:雨雪是天气现象。雨雪是天气现象。Rain and snow are phenomena of the weather.eg:eg:不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。不应该简单地视未婚妈妈为一种社会现象。Unmarried mothers should not be regarded simply_.eg:eg:贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。贝多芬是音乐家中的天才。Beethoven was_ among musicians.pl.phenomena as a social phenomenon.a phen
35、omenon2021/8/11 星期三41Harrys rapid success made him an extraordinary person in the business would.=Harry was made _ _ because of his rapid success in the business world.a phenomenon2021/8/11 星期三424.result in 产生，导致产生，导致 (=cause/lead to)主语：主语：in 的宾语：的宾语：eg:eg:努力终归成功。努力终归成功。Hard work results in success.
36、result from 主语：主语：|from 的宾语：的宾语：起因起因结果结果由由引起，产生引起，产生结果结果起因起因His sickness was caused by eating too much.=His sickness resulted _eating too much.(in/from)from2021/8/11 星期三43causebring about lead to1.cause 表示的因果关系比较直接表示的因果关系比较直接Eg.Smoking can cause lung cancer.My car has caused me a lot of trouble.2.br
37、ing about 表示的因果关系不那么直接表示的因果关系不那么直接eg.The war brought about a reduction in the birth rate.3.lead to相当于相当于causeeg.The strike could lead to a loss of jobs.2021/8/11 星期三445.state v.陈述，声明；陈述，声明；n.状况，情况；国家；状况，情况；国家；+n.state +that从句从句 +wh-从句；从句；可用于被动结构，也可用过去分词作定语。可用于被动结构，也可用过去分词作定语。2021/8/11 星期三45 +n.state
38、 +that从句从句 +wh-从句；从句；1.1.他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。他已公开声明他会支持那项政策。2.He has publicly _ _ _ for the policy.stated his support2.2.我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。我听见那位官员说不接纳儿童。I heard the official state that they would not accept children.3.3.合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。合同清楚地叙述了那项工作应在何时完成。The contract stated when the work should be finishe
39、d.2021/8/11 星期三46eg:eg:她今天心情不好。她今天心情不好。eg:eg:国家首脑国家首脑n.状况，情况；国家状况，情况；国家She is in a terrible state today.the head of state2021/8/11 星期三476.range v.排列排列,使成行；偏袒，站在使成行；偏袒，站在的方面。的方面。n.：范围范围(尤指从尤指从到到各种种类各种种类,可供可供选择的范围等，可加不定冠词选择的范围等，可加不定冠词)；排列；排列 beyond the range of out of ones range超越超越的范围的范围某人达不到的某人达不到的e
40、g:eg:这家商店商品品种多。这家商店商品品种多。The shop keeps_.eg:eg:年龄范围自年龄范围自6 6岁到岁到12 12 岁。岁。_is from six to twelve years old.a wide range of goodsThe age range2021/8/11 星期三48v.排列排列,使成行；偏袒，站在使成行；偏袒，站在的方面。的方面。主要搭配为：主要搭配为：+名词名词/代词；代词；+介词介词+名词名词/代词代词；常可用于常可用于:1.被动结构被动结构 2.range oneself；3.range from to /between and 从从到到不等
41、。不等。eg:eg:老师令其学生沿着小径排队。老师令其学生沿着小径排队。The teacher _along the path.eg:eg:温度在温度在1515度到度到3535度之间。度之间。The temperature_.eg:eg:我们应当列身于法律与秩序的一边。我们应当列身于法律与秩序的一边。We should _ _ on the side of law and order.arrange ourselvesranged his studentsranges from 15 to 35 degrees2021/8/11 星期三497.build up 逐步建立，增加，增进逐步建立，增
42、加，增进build up ones fortunebuild up ones strengtheg:eg:累积财富累积财富 养精蓄锐养精蓄锐2021/8/11 星期三508.keep on eg:eg:他们虽然很累了，还是继续工作。他们虽然很累了，还是继续工作。继续继续 +doing sth.坚持坚持They keep on working although they are tired.keep up2021/8/11 星期三519.Some byproducts of this process are called“greenhouse”gases,the most important o
43、ne being carbon dioxide.其中其中:the most important one being carbon dioxide 是一个独立主格结构，由是一个独立主格结构，由名词名词+分词分词构成，构成，在句中做补充说明或伴随的状况。在句中做补充说明或伴随的状况。Eg._(时间允许的话时间允许的话)，I will show you around the city._(今天是星期天今天是星期天)，I dont have to go to work._(没有人要说没有人要说的话的话)，the meeting was closed.=If time permits=Because t
44、oday is Sunday=As nobody had any more to sayTime permittingToday being SundayNobody having any more to say2021/8/11 星期三521.1.make a difference 有关系；有影响的有关系；有影响的（后与（后与 to 连用）连用）eg:那对我没有影响。那对我没有影响。eg:锻炼对你的健康产生很大的影响。锻炼对你的健康产生很大的影响。That makes no difference to me.Exercise can make a great difference to yo
45、ur health.Language points for Reading II2021/8/11 星期三532.2.put up with 忍受，容忍忍受，容忍eg:他发现很难忍受那种疼痛。他发现很难忍受那种疼痛。He found it difficult to put up with the pain.2021/8/11 星期三543.3.so long as=as long as(只要，如果只要，如果)You can go out on condition that you wear an overcoat.=You can go out _ _ _ you wear an overcoat.as long aseg:只要你开心，你做什么都没关系。只要你开心，你做什么都没关系。As long as you are happy,it doesnt matter what you do.2021/8/11 星期三55goodbyegoodbye2021/8/11 星期三562021/8/11 星期三57