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1、专题三完形填空专题三完形填空 完完形形填填空空是是介介于于单单项项选选择择题题和和阅阅读读理理解解题题之之间间的的一一种种题题型型,旨旨在在考考查查学学生生对对词词汇汇和和语语法法知知识识在在单单句句、上上下下文文、语语篇篇等等各各种种具具体体语语境境下下的的综综合合运运用用能能力力,这这就就要要求求在在解解题题中中掌掌握握一一些些方法、技巧。方法、技巧。(一一)句意理解句意理解题题【技巧技巧1】利用上下文利用上下文语语境推断句意解境推断句意解题题(2013菏菏泽泽中中考考)Mum was very21to find out that the twin brothers were joined
2、 at the chest(胸胸部部).She felt very strange because I didnt tell her about that before.21.A.surprised B.excitedC.interested D.disappointed【解解析析】选选A。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由下下文文“发发现现双双胞胞胎胎兄兄弟弟胸胸部部是是连连在在一一起起的的。她她感感到到非非常常奇奇怪怪因因为为此此前前我我没没告告诉诉她她。”可推断妈妈见到后是感到可推断妈妈见到后是感到“惊讶惊讶”。故选。故选A项。项。【技巧技巧2】利用复利用复现现关系、关系、语语境共境共现现推
3、断句意解推断句意解题题(2012江江西西中中考考).Nobody wanted to make the president look43 sad,so they tied an American black bear to a44.They wanted the president to shoot(射中射中)45 it.The president was very surprised to see the bear tied to a tree.44.A.wall B.chair C.rock D.tree【解解析析】选选D。考考查查句句意意理理解解。跳跳读读下下一一段段第第一一句句话话便便
4、找找到到第第44处处词词汇汇的的复复现现(所所谓谓复复现现是是指指某某一一词词以以原原词词、同同义义词词、近近义义词词等等重重复复出出现现在在语语篇篇中中,使使上上下下文文得得以以相相互互衔衔接接。),由由此此可知这只熊被绑在树上。故选可知这只熊被绑在树上。故选D。【技巧技巧3】利用生活常利用生活常识识(经验经验)推断句意解推断句意解题题(2012郴郴州州中中考考)I have a strong and faithful dog,Bruce.The dog likes36with me.Sometimes he also follows my father to work.36.A.playi
5、ng B.dealing C.agreeing【解解析析】选选A。考考查查句句意意理理解解。play,deal,agree都都可可以以和和with搭搭配配,但但根根据据生生活活经经验验可可推推断断该该句句句句意意应应是是“这这条条狗狗喜喜欢欢和和我我玩玩”而不是而不是“对付我或赞成我对付我或赞成我”。故选。故选A。(二二)语语法、句法知法、句法知识题识题【技巧技巧1】利用固定搭配、固定句式及利用固定搭配、固定句式及习惯习惯表达解表达解题题(2013济济南南中中考考)Last year,she won an award for her reporting in Africa.She was ve
6、ry proud58it.58.A.to B.of C.for D.from【解解析析】选选B。该该题题考考查查固固定定搭搭配配。be proud of(为为感感到到自自豪豪),属属完完形形填填空空考考查查项项目目设设计计中中最最简简单单的的一一类类,无无需需上上下下文文,通读本句便能确定正确选项。通读本句便能确定正确选项。【技巧技巧2】利用利用语语法分析解法分析解题题(2012枣枣庄庄中中考考).During the almost 150-kilometer drive home,he told us that he28some of the students the date 29 whe
7、n we would move there.And he had also invited them to visit us.28.A.has told B.toldC.had told D.will tell【解解析析】选选C。考考查查语语法法结结构构。句句意意为为“他他告告诉诉我我们们他他已已经经把把我我们们搬搬去去那那儿儿的的日日期期告告诉诉了了一一些些学学生生”,所所以以是是他他在在告告诉诉我我们们之之前前就就已已经经告告诉诉了了一一些些学学生生,所所以以是是过过去去的的过过去去,用用过过去去完完成时。故选成时。故选C。(三三)逻辑逻辑关系关系题题【技巧技巧1】利用上下文意利用上下文意
8、义联义联系推断解系推断解题题(2013温温州州中中考考)I looked at that man for a few seconds,15I didnt recognize him.15.A.but B.and C.or D.so【解解析析】选选A。前前后后两两句句的的句句意意分分别别为为“我我看看了了那那个个人人几几秒秒钟钟”“我没认出他来我没认出他来”,很显然是转折关系。所以选很显然是转折关系。所以选A。【技巧技巧2】利用关利用关键词键词推断解推断解题题(2012重重庆庆中中考考)Zhou hopes schools can give students more chances to op
9、en their47 mouths,such as speech competitions,English corners and class discussions.Students can join in any one they want to.48he also gives some advice to students.48.A.But B.So C.And D.Or【解解析析】选选C。考考查查上上下下文文逻逻辑辑关关系系。根根据据also“也也”可可推推断断前后是并列关系前后是并列关系,故答案选故答案选C,意为意为“并且并且”。完完形形填填空空题题篇篇幅幅一一般般150250个个词
10、词,以以故故事事性性题题材材居居多多,体体裁裁以以记记叙叙文文或或夹夹叙叙夹夹议议文文为为主主。多多数数完完形形填填空空设设10空空或或15空空,考考点点主主要要涉涉及及词词汇汇、语语法法及及对对短短文文内内容容的的理理解解。近近几几年年中中考考完形填空的命题有以下趋势完形填空的命题有以下趋势:1.在在命命题题角角度度上上体体现现“突突出出语语篇篇”的的命命题题原原则则,即即“突突出出语语意填空意填空,削减语法填空削减语法填空,以考查理解能力为主以考查理解能力为主”;2.在在题题材材上上将将更更加加贴贴近近学学生生、贴贴近近生生活活、内内容容新新颖颖,富富有有时代气息。时代气息。【真真题链题链
11、接接】(2013宁波中考宁波中考)Once there lived two brothers.The elder was called Simon and the younger Victor.They 1 each other very much,and always took care of one another.Every day they worked from morning2night,getting as much grain(谷谷物物)as possible from their fields.One late autumn evening,after their work
12、in the3was done,Simon said to his wife,“Victor got married last month.He has many bills(账账单单)to pay.I think I will put a bag of rice in his barn(谷谷仓仓).”“Oh,thats a good idea,”said his wife.“But please dont tell him,”said Simon,“If he knows I put the rice there,he will4take it.”So late that night Sim
13、on took a bag of rice to Victors barn.The next day,while looking at his own barn,he found5strange.“I took a bag of rice to Victors house last night,6I still have the same number of bags in my barn.7did that happen?”Simon decided to take another bag of rice to his brothers barn that night.But the nex
14、t morning,he found the 8number of bags in his barn again!“This is very strange,”he thought.That night he9again.He carried a large bag of rice on his shoulder(肩肩膀膀),and walked down the road to his younger brothers house.In the bright moonlight,he could see another 10 coming down the road.He was carry
15、ing something on his11too.“Younger Brother!”Simon cried,“What are you doing?”“I was 12 you,Older Brother,”said Victor,“Your family is13than mine.I thought you needed more rice.”The two brothers quickly14that they had been taking rice to each other.They15what had happened.“It is good to have a brothe
16、r like you,”they both said.And they lived happily ever after.1.A.disliked B.hated C.loved D.enjoyed2.A.until B.at C.through D.with3.A.shops B.fields C.hospitals D.factories4.A.never B.sometimesC.usually D.ever5.A.everything B.anythingC.nothing D.something6.A.so B.and C.but D.or7.A.How B.What C.Why D
17、.Where8.A.small B.different C.huge D.same9.A.planned B.failed C.hoped D.tried10.A.brother B.person C.sister D.wife11.A.back B.shoulder C.head D.hand12.A.proud of B.polite toC.angry with D.worried about13.A.smaller B.richer C.larger D.happier14.A.remembered B.realizedC.imagined D.explained15.A.laughe
18、d about B.dreamed aboutC.pointed at D.shouted at【答案分析答案分析】1.【解解析析】选选C。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由下下文文“and always took care of one another”可知可知,他们互相疼爱。他们互相疼爱。2.【解解析析】选选A。考考查查短短语语结结构构。from morning until night“从早到晚从早到晚”。3.【解解析析】选选B。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由前前文文“getting as much grain as possible from their fields”可知他们在农田里干活。
19、可知他们在农田里干活。4.【解解析析】选选A。考考查查句句意意理理解解。由由句句意意可可知知,弟弟弟弟如如果果知知道道是哥哥把大米放到自己家是哥哥把大米放到自己家,他一定不会要。他一定不会要。5.【解解析析】选选D。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由下下文文可可知知,哥哥哥哥发发现现了了一一件奇怪的事。件奇怪的事。strange“奇怪的奇怪的”。6.【解解析析】选选C。考考查查连连词词。上上下下文文构构成成转转折折关关系系:哥哥哥哥昨昨晚晚把大米送去把大米送去,但是他仍然有同样数量的大米。但是他仍然有同样数量的大米。7.【解析解析】选选A。考查疑问词。句意为。考查疑问词。句意为“那是怎么发生的那是
20、怎么发生的?”8.【解解析析】选选D。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由前前文文“I still have the same number of bags”和下文和下文again可知可知,他的米数量仍然不变。他的米数量仍然不变。9.【解解析析】选选D。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由下下文文可可知知当当天天晚晚上上他他又又试了一次。试了一次。10.【解解析析】选选B。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由上上文文another可可知知他他看看到到另一个人沿着路走来。另一个人沿着路走来。11.【解解析析】选选B。考考查查语语境境理理解解。由由前前文文“He carried a large bag of ric
21、e on his shoulder”和和下下文文的的too可可知知另另一一个个人人也也是是在在肩膀上扛了东西。肩膀上扛了东西。12.【解解析析】选选D。考考查查动动词词短短语语。be proud of“为为骄骄傲傲”;be polite to“对对有有礼礼貌貌”;be angry with sb.“生生某某人人的的气气”;be worried about“担担心心”。由由下下文文可可知知弟弟弟弟担担心心哥哥哥所以来送米。哥所以来送米。13.【解解析析】选选C。考考查查句句意意理理解解。smaller“更更小小的的”;richer“更更富富的的”;larger“更更大大的的”;happier“更
22、更高高兴兴的的”。由由下下文文“I thought you needed more rice.”可可知知弟弟弟弟认认为为哥哥哥哥家家里里需需要更多的米要更多的米,可推测哥哥的家庭更大。可推测哥哥的家庭更大。14.【解解析析】选选B。考考查查语语境境理理解解。realize“意意识识到到”。由由上上下下文可知兄弟二人此时才意识到他们互相送大米。文可知兄弟二人此时才意识到他们互相送大米。15.【解解析析】选选A。考考查查句句意意理理解解。laugh about“对对感感到到好好笑笑”;dream about“梦梦想想”;point at“指指着着”;shout at“对对大喊大喊”。句意。句意:他们对发生的事感到好笑。他们对发生的事感到好笑。