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1、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 人教版高一英语必修一Unit2 学问点梳理及练习（带解析）1. 重点词汇 official adj 官方的正式的 . 公务的 voyage n 航行航海 conquer 战胜. 占据 because of 由于 native 本国的；本地的 n 本地人本国人 come up 走近,上来提 出 actually 实际上,事实上 base 依据 n 基部；基地,墓础 at present 现在；目前 gradual 逐步的 . 逐步的 enrich 使富有；充实,改善 vocabulary 词汇. 词汇量 . 词表 make use of 利用
2、 使用 latter 较后的后平的；（两者中）后者的 . fluent 流利的 . 流畅的 frequent adj 频繁的常见的 usage 使用. 用法. 词语惯用法 command命令；指令；把握_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - request 恳求；要求 dialect 方言 expression 词语；表示表达 midwestern 中西部的 . 有中西部特性的 African adj 非洲的：非洲人的；非洲语言的 play a part in 2. 短语归纳）扮演个角色：参与1. 不只有一种英语 m
3、ore than one kind of English 2. 在一些重要方面 in some important ways 3. 彼此不同 be different from one another 4. 与现代英语不同 be different from modern / present day English 5. 世界英语 world Englishes 6. 起着的重要作用 play an important role / part 7. 起着越来越重要的作用 play a more and more /an increasingly important part / role 8.
4、 由于它特殊的作用 because of its special role 9. 国际语言 an international language 10. 在 16 世纪末 at the end of the 16 th century 11. 在 17 世纪初 at the beginning of the 17 th century 12. 在 20 世纪前期 in the early 20 th century 13. 比以往任何时候都 than ever before 14. 即使 even if / even though _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 39 页
5、_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 15. 以德语为基础 be based on German 16. 使用更大的词汇量 make use of a wider vocabulary 17. 它自己的特色 its own identity 18. 众多讲英语的人 speakers a very large number of English 19. 学英语的人数 the number of people learning English 20. 快速增长 increase rapidly 21. 标准英语 standard English 22. 信不信由你 believe
6、it or not 23. 讲最好的英语 speak excellent English 24. 相邻的城镇 neighboring towns 25. 从一个地方搬到另一个地方 another move from one place to 26. 充分利用不同的方言 make full use of different dialects 27. 目前的形势 present situation 28. 国际组织 an international organization 29. 词汇与惯用法 vocabulary and usage 30. 辨认出他的腔调 recognize his acce
7、nt 31. 中西部地区的方言 midwestern dialects 32. 发出命令 give commands 33. 提出客气的恳求 make a polite request _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 要点提炼 Section A 重要词语辨析1. voyage/journey/travel/trip/tour 【说明】voyage: 去国外或较远地方的海上旅行 Columbus succeeded in making a voyage to America in 1942. journey:
8、 指较远的从一地到另一地旅行,距离较远,多指陆地 They will make a journey to Beijing by train. travel: 一系列的旅程,泛指旅行 travel by car. We had six days trip: 短途 旅行 The Greens will take a weekend trip to the Great Wall. tour: 为了公务、消遣或训练参观多处名胜的旅行 We will make a tour of Hainan next week. 【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1. It is tiring to take
9、 a long _ by train from Paris to Moscow. 2. The _ from England to Australia used to take several months. 3. We ll have time for a _ to France next weekend.4. We went on a guided _ round the castle. 1. recognize/realize/know 1recognize 指原先很熟识,经过一段时间的间隔或别的缘由后又重新认出来；2realize 强调在经过一个过程后的明白；3know 是连续性动词,
10、指相互间特别熟识、特别明白 应用 11Only after you lose your health will you _ the importance of health. 2Ive _ Tom for years. 3I _ him as soon as he came into the room _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2. such as/for example/that is/and so on 1such as 用于列举事物经常放在所列举事物与前面的名词之间,且其 后不用逗号,直接跟所列举
11、的事物,可与 like 互换；它所列举的事物的数量不能等同于前面所提的事物的总和,否就就用 that is 或 namely ；2for example 主要用于举例说明,其前后多用符号隔开；其位置比较敏捷,可位于句首、句中或句末 such as 只能位于所列举的事物之前 ；3that is 相当于 namely ,它所列举的事物的总量等于前面所提到的事 物的总和；4and so on 对几个事物进行列举时, 在说了其中的几个以后, 用.and so on 进行概括,说明仍有例子,但不一一列出了； 应用 2 1My daughter studies four subjects in schoo
12、l, _, Chinese, maths, English and PE. 2Overcooking 烹饪过度 , _ , destroys many nutrients 养分素 . 3He can speak some other languages, _ French and German. 4There are some books, pens, erasers _ in my bag. 3. especially/ specially 【说明】_精品资料_ especially意思是“ 特殊,特殊” ,表达事物的不平常或特殊重要第 5 页,共 39 页- - - - - - -_归纳总
13、结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - specially 指为了某一目的,特地做某事【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1. Our city is very beautiful, _ in spring. 我们城市很美丽,特殊在春天；2. He came here _ to ask you for help. 他是专程来这里向你求助的；4 a number of / the number of 【说明】a number of 意思是“ 如干；很多”the number of 意思是“ 的数目”【练习】用上面所供应的辨析词的适当形式填空1. Today _ people lear
14、ning Chinese in the world is raising rapidly. 2. _ books in the market are in English. 重要词性变化_精品资料_ 1. actual adj. 实际actually adv. 实际basic adj. 基本的第 6 页,共 39 页的上；事实上2. base n. 基地；基base v. 以 为根础据- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 3. east n. 东方eastern adj. 东方的；东部的【练习】用括号内所供应词的适当形式填空1 What did he
15、_ say. actual 2 The _ cost was much higher than we had expected. actual 3）My knowledge of physics is pretty _. base 4）She used her familys history as a _ for her novel. base 5）This novel is _ on historical facts. base 6）He is interested in _ customs. determine 7 The wind is blowing from the _. deter
16、mine 重点词汇,短语,句式 1.official adj. 官方的；正式的；公务的You will have to get official permission to cut down the trees. 你得获得官方批准才可以砍伐这些树；There will be an official inquiry into the matter. 将对这件事进行正式调查；_精品资料_ 【拓展】 official 或 officer两者都有官员的意思,但是所指不同第 7 页,共 39 页1,official常指政府官员或行政官员2,officer常指身特定降服的官员,如军官或者警官等；- - -
17、 - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 练习：我爸爸是军官,而他爸爸是政府官员；My father is an_ in the army, while his father is an_ in the government. 2. voyage n. 航行；航海；航天 The voyage from America to France used to take two months. 从美国到法国的航行通常要花 2 个月的时间；例题：他们要进行横越大西洋的航行；They want to_ _ _ across the Atlantic. 从水手辛伯达的几次旅行中,
18、他学会了很多关于大海的学问；From _ _ of the sailor Sinbad, he knew a lot about the sea. 3. native adj. 本国的；本土的 n.本地人,本国人The women are native people.这些妇女是本地人；Finally, she returned to her native land. 她最终返回了她的祖国；The panda is a native of China.熊猫原产于中国；【留意】 native 做形容词用时,只能做前置定语；be native to 意为（动植物）是 特有的,原产于The tiger
19、 is native to India, 这种虎产于印度；4. actually adv. 实际上；事实上（相当于 in fact/ as a matter of fact）He looked calm, but actually he was very nervous. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 他看起来很镇静,实际上却特别紧急；Perhaps I will stay up and watch the film. Actually, I think I will just go to bed. 或许我
20、会熬夜看这部电影,不过我想我仍是去睡觉吧；【其他】 actually adv. 竟然；竟然He actually expected me to pay for the ticket. 他付票钱；他竟然盼望我给actual adj. 实在的；实际的；实际上；的确What were his actual words. 他究竟怎么说的？5. base vt. 以 为基础 n. 基础；基地；I based my hopes on the good news we had yesterday. 我把期望寄托在我们昨天的得到的好消息上；This provides a good base for the d
21、evelopment of new techniques. 这为新技术的进展奠定了良好的基础；base sth on sth 以某事物为另一事物的依据或基础be base on 以 为基础on the base of以 为基础an air base 空军基地The story is based on facts.这个故事是以事实为基础的；One should always base ones opinions on facts.一个人的观点应当以事实为基础；6gradual adj.逐步的,逐步的 gradually adv.逐步地,逐步地Things gradually improved.
22、情形已经慢慢地改善；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - gradual adj. 逐步的,逐步的This is a gradual change in his attitude 他对待继母的态度正在逐步转变；towards his stepmother. 7. latter adj. 较后的；后半的；后者的She lived a hard life in the latter part of her life. 在她的后半生,她过的很辛苦；【留意】the latter 者 相对应 已提到的两者中的 后者,通常与
23、the former 前They are two choices for us. Many boys support the farmer, but I favour the latter. 留意区分 later 后来频繁的；常见的8. frequent adj. His visit became less frequent as time passed. 随时时间的消逝,他慢慢不常登门了；frequently adv. 经常；频繁的 Buses run frequently from the city to the airport. 公共汽车不断的从城市开往机场；词组 1. because
24、of 由于；由于 典例1. They are here because of us. 的； 短语归纳 because of 是复合介词；他们是由于我们来这里_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - because 是从属连词,引导缘由状语从句； 练习 He came late to school again _ he got up too late. The girl cried _ what the teacher said. we have to cancel our trip _ the bad weather
25、. because of 的近义词组thanks to 由于；由于as a result of 由于 的缘由by reason of 由于due to 由于,由于owing to 归功于Thanks to his help, I finished the task on time. 助,我按时完后了任务；I had to stay at home due to the weather. 呆在家里；e up 走近；上来；提出 典例 多亏了他的帮由于天气缘由我只能1. The little came up to the stranger and showed him how to get to t
26、he police station. 小男孩向生疏人走去,并告知他去警察局的路；3. It is certain that the question will come up at the meeting. 这个问题在会议上肯定会被提出来的；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 11 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 5. I am afraid something urgent has come up. 唯恐发生了什么急事； 短语归纳 come across 邂逅 偶遇 come about 发生 come at 向 扑来 , 攻击 come fro
27、m 来自 come out 出版; 开花；结果是 come up with 想出 come true 实现 come down下来；传承 练习 用 come构成的词组填空；1. The hunter walked across the forest when suddenly a bear _ him. 2. The magazine _ once a month. 3. I wish you can _ to England on your holiday. 4. The engineers has _ new ways of saving energy. 5. They _ an old
28、school friend in the street this morning. 3. at present 现在,目前vt. 赠送礼物 adj. 在场的；目前的1. present n. 典例 _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 12 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 1. The mountain bike is a birthday present from my parents.这辆山地自行车是父母给我的生日礼物；2. I am afraid I cant help you at present. 唯恐现在我没法帮忙你；3. In the
29、present case, I advise you to wait. 况,我建议你等等；依据目前的情I am afraid I cant help you just at present -I am too basy.唯恐现在我帮不了你,我太忙了； 重点用法 at present=at the present time=now 目前,现在be present at 出席；到场 反义： be absent from present sb.with sth = present sth. to sb.把某物送给某人【留意】present 作为 adj. “ 现在的； 当前的” 讲时,常做前置定语；
30、而做“ 出席的,到场的” 讲时,常做后置定语；He doesnt know how to deal with the present problem. 他不知道就呢么应对当前的局势；The people present at the meeting are advanced workers. 出席会议的人都是先进工作者； 练习 中译英 1. 全部（那些）在场者一眼就看出那个错误；2. 这本书是哥哥赠送给我的；_精品资料_ 4. make use of 利用；使用第 13 页,共 39 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 典例 1. You ough
31、t to make good use of any opportunity to practise English. 你应当好好利用机会练习英语；use 前可加形容词,表示不同程度的利用； 短语归纳 make good use of 好好利用make full use of 充分利用make the best/most of 充分利用use up 用完,耗尽You are not making the best use of your talents. 你并没有充分发挥你的才能； 练习 1. 要充分利用一切机会说英语；5. such as 例如；像这种的2. 我们要很好地发挥她的才能；1. S
32、uch poets as Keats and Shelley wrote Romantic poetry. 有些诗人 , 如济慈和雪莱 , 写的是浪漫主义的诗歌 2. Wild flowers such as orchids and primroses are becoming rare. 兰花和报春花之类的野花越来越少了 关于 such as for example that is and so on 见辨析 填空 练习 用 such as 或 for example 1. I like drinks _ tea and soda. _精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 14 页,共
33、39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 2. The report is incomplete; it doesnt include sales in France, _. 句型 1.Why not go by underground. 为什么不坐地铁去呢？Why not +V 原 句式,表示提出建议或对某些建议表示同意；=why dont you/we do . 2. Which country do you think has the most English learners. 说明 本句包含一个结构,疑问词+do you think/believe/expect/
34、 find/know/suppose/suggest +陈述句此结构又称为双重疑问句,用来征询对某一观点的看法,判定,熟识,推测和恳求,表疑问的插入语又起到主句的作用,所以其后肯定要用陈述句语序；留意：假如插入语是 do you suggest 时,句中的谓语动词应用 should+动词原形 What time do you expect we will come and pick you up ？你期望我们几点来接你？ What do you suppose he will do after he hears about the good news ？你认为他听到那个好消息后会做什么呢？Wh
35、y do you think their team could win the football match. 你认为他们队为什么能赢得那场足球赛呢？3. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.如今说英语的人比以往_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 15 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 任何时候都多,他们有的是作为第一语言来说,有的是作为其次语言或者外语； 说明 than ever before 更
36、” ；如：常与比较级连用,意为“ 比以往任何时候The stars were shining brightly in the dark sky, and the night was more beautiful than ever before. 比以往更美； 练习 中译英繁星点缀在夜空里,夜晚1. 简看起来比以前美丽多了； 2. 雨下得比以前更大；【拓展】：1 引导让步状语从句的引导词仍有 although, though, no matter when/what., whenever, wherever, however 等等；2as 也可以引导让步状语从句, 但要把其表语、 谓语或宾语前
37、置,且前置的单数名词不行以加冠词；Even though you achieve great success in your work, you should not be conceited. 即使你们在工作中取得了庞大的成果,也不应当自满；Whatever you do, do it well. 不管你做什么,把它做好；However hot it is, he wont take off his hat. 不管多热,他都不摘下帽子；Girl as she is, she can go alone in the darkness. 尽管她是个女孩,她敢一个人走夜路；_精品资料_ - - -
38、 - - - -第 16 页,共 39 页_归纳总结汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 即境活用 1 2022 浙江 Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, _they knew it to be valuable. Aas if Bnow that Ceven though Dso that 4.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don t speak the same kind of English.以英语作为母语的人,即使他们所讲的语言不
39、尽相同,也可以相互懂得；句中 even if 是连接词组,用来引导一个让步状语从句,意为“ 即 使；尽管” 相当于 even though We wouldnt buy the car even if we could afford it. 即使我们付得起这笔钱,也不会买这辆车；【留意】此句型主将从现的用法 We will visit the museum even though/if it rains tomorrow. 即使明天下雨我们也要去参观这家博物馆；【辨析】 even though/if 和 as if/though even though/if 表示“ 尽管；即使” 引导让步状语
40、从句 表示“ 似乎” 引导方式状语从句或表语从句,其从 as if/though 句一般用虚拟语气, 如所陈述的情形很有可能实现,也可以用陈述语 气；Even if he is poor, she loves him . Tom looks as if he were an artist. 5.At first the English spoken in England between about AD450 _精品资料_ and 1150 was very different from the English today.第一,大第 17 页,共 39 页- - - - - - -_归纳总结
41、汇总_ - - - - - - - - - 约在公园 450 年到 1150 年间,英国人所说的英语与今日所说的英语很不不一样；本句中两个 English 后面都跟了过去分词 于定语从句 which/that is/was spoken, 完成；spoken 做后置定语,相当 过去分词作定语表示被动或Have you read any short stories written by Lu Xun. The building built there is our lab. 【留意】过去分词作定语的时候,单个的分词作定语的时候,一般位于其修饰的名词前； 分词短语作定语,一般位于其修饰你的名词之后
42、,被过去分词所修饰的名词就是该分词的规律主语,之间存在动宾关系；该分词与被修饰词The stolen car was found by the police last week. 警察上周找到了那辆失窃的车；Section B 重点词汇,短语,句式 1. usage n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法 It s not a word in common usage. 这不是一个常用词；Car usage is predicted to increase. 汽车的使用频率估计会增长；【辨析】 use 和 usage 作为名词,两者都有“ 使用” 之意,但是用法略有不同；Usage做“ 用法” 讲的时候,侧重某物的使用方法或惯用法,做“ 使 用,利用” 的时候,侧重于事物的使用频率；_精品资料_ - - - - - - -第 1