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1、状语从句 Adverbial clauses2021/8/11 星期三1定义定义：在复合句中由从句表示的状语在复合句中由从句表示的状语称作状语从句，它可以用来修称作状语从句，它可以用来修饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、饰谓语（包括非谓语动词）、定语或状语，或是整个句子。定语或状语，或是整个句子。2021/8/11 星期三2准确掌握每一个连词的含义准确掌握每一个连词的含义是掌握状语从句的关键。是掌握状语从句的关键。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。同时要注意主从句的时态呼应。2021/8/11 星期三3状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句一般分为九大类状语从句类别状语从句类别:时间状语从句时间状语从句 地点状语从
2、句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句 方式状语从句方式状语从句 比较状语从句比较状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句2021/8/11 星期三41.时间状语从句：时间状语从句：引导时间状语从句的连词有：引导时间状语从句的连词有：when,while,as,the moment,before,after,till,until,since,as soon as 等。等。请注意请注意 when,while,as 的区别的区别2021/8/11 星期三5When -当当时候时候,通常通常指某一特定的时间点，主句与指某一特定
3、的时间点，主句与从句的动作同时发生。从句的动作同时发生。When I opened the window,I saw him come up.When I have time,I will go to see you.2021/8/11 星期三6When I came home,I met an old schoolmate of mine.He said he would tell her about it when he saw her.*注意：注意：在时间状语从句中，主在时间状语从句中，主从句都是将来的动作或状态时，从句都是将来的动作或状态时，习惯上主句用将来时，从句用习惯上主句用将来时
4、，从句用一般现在时。一般现在时。2021/8/11 星期三7When-正在正在的时候，突的时候，突然然。通常主句是进行时或。通常主句是进行时或 be about to 时，在翻译的时候，时，在翻译的时候，when 可以译成没想到或突然。可以译成没想到或突然。I was walking along the street,when I met him.I was about to fall asleep when my sister came in.2021/8/11 星期三8One evening,little Hans was sitting near the fire when he hea
5、rd a loud knock at the door.2021/8/11 星期三9When 当从句是进行时，主句当从句是进行时，主句是一般时，往往表示不满。是一般时，往往表示不满。Someone knocked at the door when I was having breakfast.When I was leaving the house,the postman arrived.2021/8/11 星期三10When the children had gone to bed,she began toprepare her lessons.When=after2021/8/11 星期三
6、11While-在在期间，往往期间，往往指一段时间。指一段时间。While we were in America,we saw him twice.While we were talking,he came in.Strike while the iron is hot.2021/8/11 星期三12While-表示一种不满情绪，表示一种不满情绪，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，意思是这边在干某种重要的事，而另一边在享受等。而另一边在享受等。We are cleaning the classroom while they are playing the football.The soldier f
7、aces the powder while the beauty powder the face.2021/8/11 星期三13While I am washing the floor,you can be cleaning the windows.2021/8/11 星期三14As-一边一边一边一边,随着随着She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music.As she grew older,she became more beautiful.2021/8/11 星期三15As-当当时，指一个动作时，指一个动作紧接着一个
8、动作发生，从句通紧接着一个动作发生，从句通常用进行时。常用进行时。As I was going out,it began to rain.I saw Mary as she was going on the bus.2021/8/11 星期三16As he was eating his breakfast,he heard someone knock at the door.Someone patted me on the shoulder as I was standing before the shop window.2021/8/11 星期三17The moment-一一就就 =as s
9、oon as,immediately,-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes,I gave her the moment I saw her.2021/8/11 星期三18Not until-直到直到才才He didnt leave the office until he finished the work.=He left the office when he finished the work.Not until 可以和可以和 when 互换互换2021/8/11 星期三19Before-在在之前之前The pa
10、ssengers should arrive at the airport an hour before the flight departs.Did you work as a stewardess before you come to this company?2021/8/11 星期三20It was not long before I forgot it all.(It was/will be before 是常用句型是常用句型)He ran off before I could stop him.2021/8/11 星期三21After-在在 之后之后The customer lef
11、t the ticket counter after he had a quarrel with the ticket agent.The plane took off after the air traffic controller gave clearance.2021/8/11 星期三22Since-自从自从,通常主句通常主句用现在完成时用现在完成时I have never been there again since I graduated from the university.The captain has traveled almost everywhere in the wor
12、ld since he became a pilot.2021/8/11 星期三23It is just a week since we arrived here.(It is/has been since是常是常用句型）用句型）2021/8/11 星期三24As soon as-一一就就Jack went to school as soon as he got well.Ill ring you up as soon as I get an answer from him.2021/8/11 星期三25No sooner than-一一就就No sooner had he arrived t
13、han he went away again.no sooner than 用于句首用于句首要求倒装要求倒装Hardly whenScarcely when2021/8/11 星期三26Once you see him,you will never forget him.Once -一但一但就就2021/8/11 星期三27Every time,each time 每次每次whenever 每当每当Each time he came to town,he would visit our school.Whenever we met with difficulties,they came to
14、help us.2021/8/11 星期三28 2.条件状语从句条件状语从句引导状语从句的连接词有引导状语从句的连接词有:If,unless,as long as,in case,provided that,on condition that2021/8/11 星期三29If-如果如果If you dont hurry up,you will miss the plane.If it snows tomorrow,the flight will be canceled.If you leave at 6 oclock tomorrow morning,youd better get to be
15、d now.2021/8/11 星期三30Unless-如果不如果不,除非除非=if notWe cant get there on time unless we book the earliest flight=We cannot get there on time if we dont book the earliest flight.2021/8/11 星期三31Dont trouble trouble unless trouble troubles you.He will not join us unless he changes his mind.2021/8/11 星期三32As
16、long as-只要只要We will succeed as long as we keep on trying.You cant play games as long as you remember the rules.A man is not old as long as he is seeking something.2021/8/11 星期三33As(so)far as-据据所知所知As far as I know,he speaks English very well.As/So far as I know,he is an expert on DNA.2021/8/11 星期三34
17、In case-假使假使,如果如果The plane cannot take off in case it rains.Send us a message in case you have any difficulty.2021/8/11 星期三35Provided that 如果如果,有时省略有时省略 thatThe plane will be in good condition provided that it is taken care of carefully.You can become a stewardess provided that you are in good shape
18、 and you have got the proper education.2021/8/11 星期三36On condition that-条件是条件是He said that he would come to the meeting on condition that no one asked him to speak.The mother promised to the son to buy him a toy airplane on condition that he passes his English test.2021/8/11 星期三37注注:主从句的动作发生在将来主从句的动
19、作发生在将来时，则主句用将来时时，则主句用将来时,从句用从句用一般现在时。一般现在时。If he arrives tomorrow,I will be waiting for him at the airport.He said he would not leave unless it was fine next day.2021/8/11 星期三383.地点状语从句地点状语从句 地点状语从句只有两个连词地点状语从句只有两个连词:Where,wherever2021/8/11 星期三39Where-在在地方地方Put the medicine where you can easily get
20、it.Where that high building stands,there used to be some low,deserted houses.Where there is a will,there is a way.2021/8/11 星期三40Wherever-无论哪里无论哪里He follows her wherever she goes.Wherever you are,I will be right there waiting for you.2021/8/11 星期三414.原因状语从句原因状语从句 because,as,since,now that,和和consider
21、ing that,seeing that 这六个连词都用于表示这六个连词都用于表示表示原因表示原因,但在语气上一个但在语气上一个比一个弱比一个弱.2021/8/11 星期三42Because-因为因为,通常从句放通常从句放在主句后在主句后.Mr Smith was very upset because he couldnt find his luggage.He said that he couldnt work because the computer was out of order.2021/8/11 星期三43I succeed because I willed it,I never
22、hesitated.I do it because I like it.2021/8/11 星期三44As-因为因为,通常放在句首通常放在句首As it is quite windy today,he decidesAs he is honest and modest,all his friends like him.2021/8/11 星期三45Since-既然既然 因语气较弱因语气较弱,常译为既然常译为既然Since everybody has come,we can set off.Since the purser didnt tell us what to do,we can rela
23、x.2021/8/11 星期三46Now that-既然既然Now that you are here,you can join us.Now that all airlines offer discount prices,we should do the same.2021/8/11 星期三47considering that-顾及到顾及到 Considering that they are just beginners,they are doing quite a good job.2021/8/11 星期三48seeing that-由于由于 Seeing(that)quite a fe
24、w people were absent,we decided toput the meeting off.2021/8/11 星期三495.结果状语从句结果状语从句引导结果状语从句的连词有：引导结果状语从句的连词有：that,so that,sothatsuchthat2021/8/11 星期三50So that-太太以至于以至于 so 后面应用形容词或副词后面应用形容词或副词,有时有时省略省略so只用只用thatBoeing 747 is so large that people like to call it jet bomb.The flight scheduled so early
25、that nobody wanted to look on it.2021/8/11 星期三51So that-因而，以便，为了因而，以便，为了 有时有时so 可以省去可以省去Can you move your luggage a little bit away so that I can put mine in the overhead bin too.Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you.2021/8/11 星期三52When you skin your customers,you should le
26、ave some skin on to grow so that you can skin them again.2021/8/11 星期三53Such that-太太以至以至于于 用法与用法与sothat相同，但相同，但such 后面应用名词。后面应用名词。The foreign visitor was such a fast speaker that nobody could understand him.2021/8/11 星期三54The Canadian airlines hangar is such a huge building that it can hold two medi
27、um-range jets at the same time.2021/8/11 星期三55 6.目的状语从句目的状语从句 引导目的状语从句的主要连词引导目的状语从句的主要连词有有:that,so that,in order that,for fear that,lest2021/8/11 星期三56Lets take the front seats(so)that we may see more clearly.(So)that-以便以便,从句中常常从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：使用一些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等等 2021/8/11 星期三57i
28、n order that-为了为了,与与so that 相同从句中常常使用一相同从句中常常使用一些情态动词，如：些情态动词，如：can,could,may,might,should等等 School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm.2021/8/11 星期三58for fear that-生怕生怕;为了防为了防止止(某事发生某事发生)He took the name down for fear that he should forget it.The instructor
29、emphasized on the issue three times for fear that the students did not pay enough attention to the problem.2021/8/11 星期三59in case -万一万一 Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.You should bring a dictionary in case you need it.Please take an umbrella in case it rains.2021/8/11 星期三60Lest-
30、以防万一以防万一The man decided to tell his boss the fact lest he would be angry with him.The manager of the workshop asked his staff to work overtime lest they wouldnt finish the task on time.2021/8/11 星期三617.比较状语从句比较状语从句 引导比较状语从句的连词有：引导比较状语从句的连词有：Asas,not so(as)as,.than,the more the more.2021/8/11 星期三62As
31、as-像像一样一样If you dont want to miss the flight,you need to be at the airport as early as possible.My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.Cultivation to the mind is as necessary as food for the body.2021/8/11 星期三63Not so(as)as-不像不像The job is not so difficult as I thought it
32、 would be.The flight was not so/as harmful as the captain predicted.2021/8/11 星期三64than-比比怎么样，怎么样，用于事物间的比较，用于事物间的比较，more 后后面用形容词或副词面用形容词或副词People believe that being a stewardess is better than most of the other jobs.I personally think that the American movies are more interesting than Chinese ones20
33、21/8/11 星期三65A beautiful form is better than a beautiful face;a beautiful behavior(is)than a beautiful form.2021/8/11 星期三66The more,the more-越越 越越The more he listened to that song,the less he enjoyed it.The more things a man is ashamed of,the more respectable he is.2021/8/11 星期三678.让步状语从句让步状语从句 引导让步
34、状语从句的连词有：引导让步状语从句的连词有：Although,though,as,even if,even though,no matter,however,whatever,while,whether2021/8/11 星期三68Although,though-虽然虽然 although 和和though 可以互换，可以互换，但但although 常放在句首。常放在句首。Though可以用于倒装。可以用于倒装。Although it was raining,the plane managed to take off.Although it was not his fault,he took
35、all the blame.2021/8/11 星期三69Though he did his best,he didnt succeed.Child though he was,he did quite well.2021/8/11 星期三70As-尽管尽管 as 引导让步状语引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装。可与从句时，句子通常倒装。可与though 互换。互换。Busy as he is,he never misses a football match.Hard as she works,she makes little progress.2021/8/11 星期三71Even if/ev
36、en though-即使即使Even if you dont like your boss,you should do your work.Even if you are not fond of flowers,you shouldnt miss the chrysanthemum exhibition.2021/8/11 星期三72Even though I might be wrong,I will go my way.Even though his dean didnt mean it,he still felt embarrassed.2021/8/11 星期三73However-不论
37、，不论，however 引导让步状语从句时，句子引导让步状语从句时，句子通常倒装通常倒装He couldnt get there on time however fast he drove.The father couldnt make his daughter smile however hard he tried.2021/8/11 星期三74N o matter(what,when,where,how)-无论（什么，无论（什么，何时，何地，怎样）何时，何地，怎样）The old man wouldnt believe anything no matter what you said.Pl
38、ease tell me the result no matter when you get it.2021/8/11 星期三75He wouldnt forgive me no matter how hard I begged him.I will find you no matter where you hide.2021/8/11 星期三76Whatever-不管不管Whatever other people may say,she wont change her mind.Whatever you do,it wont affect our plan.2021/8/11 星期三77Wh
39、ile-尽管尽管While I have sympathy for you,I cant help you.While its none of my business,I will watch you.2021/8/11 星期三78Whether-不管，常与不管，常与or not 连用连用Whether he is good or not,the company decided to send him abroad.Whether his proposal is practical or not,the department plans to adopt.2021/8/11 星期三799.方式
40、状语从句方式状语从句 方式状语从句常由方式状语从句常由:as,as if,as though2021/8/11 星期三80as-与与 一样一样 Do in Rome as the Romans do.Leave things as they are.2021/8/11 星期三81as if,as though-仿佛仿佛,由由as if或或 as though引导的从句中可引导的从句中可用虚拟语气用虚拟语气 She stood at the door as if(=as though)she were waiting forsomeone.2021/8/11 星期三821._ you decid
41、e to take up,you should try to make it a success.A.If B.Whenever C.Unless D.Whatever2021/8/11 星期三832.It is foolish to take a taxi you can easilywalk to the station.A.before B.that C.unless D.when2021/8/11 星期三843.Ill accept any job,_ I dont have to get up early.A.even though B.though C.in case D.as l
42、ong as2021/8/11 星期三854._ problems you have,you can always come tome for help.A.What B.Whatever C.Whichever D.Which2021/8/11 星期三865._ much advice I gave him,he did exactly what he wanted to do.A.How B.Whatever C.However D.No matter2021/8/11 星期三876.-Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her
43、?-Yes.I gave it to her _ I saw her.A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once2021/8/11 星期三887.If we work with a strong will,we can overcome any difficulty,_ great it is.A.what B.how C.however D.whatever2021/8/11 星期三898.I hurried _ I wouldnt be late for class.A.since B.so that C.as if D.unless2021/8/11 星
44、期三909.John plays football _,if not better than,David.A.as well B.as well as C.so well D.so well as2021/8/11 星期三9110.-What was the party like?-Wonderful.Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.A.after B.when C.before D.since2021/8/11 星期三9211.Dont change your mind,_ happens to you.A.which B.what C.whiche
45、ver D.whatever2021/8/11 星期三9312._ he comes,we wont be able to go.A.Without B.Unless C.Except D.Even2021/8/11 星期三9413.Nobody believed him _ what he said.A.even though B.even if C.no matter D.because2021/8/11 星期三9514.I was watching TV _ suddenly the lights went out.A.when B.while C.as D.for2021/8/11 星
46、期三9615.Take your umbrella with you _ it rains.A.if B.as ifC.in case D.as long as2021/8/11 星期三9716.No sooner _ entered the office _I heard the telephone ringing.A.had I,when B.I had,than C.had I,than D.I had,when2021/8/11 星期三9817.I had hardly arrived _ he started crying to go home.A.as B.for C.when D
47、.until2021/8/11 星期三9918.It wont be long _ you regret what you said.A.since B.when C.before D.till2021/8/11 星期三10019.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she_.A.will arrive B.arrives C.is going to arrive D.is arriving2021/8/11 星期三10120._ the day went on,the weather got worse.A.With B.Since C.While D.As2021/8/11 星期三1022021/8/11 星期三103