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1、阅读理解 题型及技巧2021/8/9 星期一1一、细节理解题：一、细节理解题：1、直接事实题直接事实题：2、间接事实题间接事实题：先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的先阅读题干，确定读材料的时候要查找的细节及事实的范围，然后利用细节及事实的范围，然后利用略读略读的手法的手法找出出处。找出出处。需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行需结合上下文提供的语境和信息进行简单的概括和判断。简单的概括和判断。2021/8/9 星期一2 Many American presidents in the 19th century were born in poor families.They spent their
2、childrenhood in little wooden rooms.They got little education.Washington and Lincoln,for example,never went to school and they taught themselves.Lincoln once did jobs of a worker,shop-keeper and post officer in his early years.A large number of U.S presidents had experiences in the army.The two best
3、 known were Ulysses Grant and Dwight D.Eisenhower.Grant was a general in the American Civil War and Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.It happened that they graduated from the same schoolWest Point Military Academy(西点军校)12021/8/9 星期一3Q:President Eisenhower became well-known .A.whilestudyi
4、nginWestPointMilitaryAcademyB.duringtheAmericanCivilWarC.after he was elected President of theU.S.D.duringWorldWarII.Eisenhower was a hero in the second World War.2021/8/9 星期一4InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian，hostofthewellreceivedTVprogramme“StarsTonight”，MissLuoLin，MissAsiaof1991，appearedastheguesthostessonth
5、eShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold，LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition，shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.22021/8/9 星期一5However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearnt
6、heartofwalkingonthestage，dancing，singing，making-upandotherpropermanners，designedbytheAsiaTVStation.“Itsreallyahardjobforme.Iwontenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow，Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime，inShanghai，Idlovetomakeadeepimpression
7、onmyTVaudience，saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.2021/8/9 星期一6Q：Which of the following is NOT true?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.Miss Asia of 1991,Born in Shanghai,designed by the Asia TV Stat
8、ion2021/8/9 星期一7二、主旨判断题：二、主旨判断题：题干形式：1)Whatdoesthewritermainlytellus?2)Whichofthefollowingcansummarizethemainideaofthistext?3)Whichofthefollowingbestexpressesthemainidea?4)Whichisthesubjectdiscussedinthetext?5)Thebesttitleforthisnewspaperarticleis_.技巧：剔除细节或论据，找到各段的主题句 （topic sentence）范围一般包括：短文标题、主题（
9、Title）；大意或段落大意（Main idea）2021/8/9 星期一8 Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.Such a person is not really a thief.They are sick and cannot help themselves.All small children act naturally and as they grow up they normally learn to control their actions.People w
10、ith kleptomania for certain medical reasons have failed to develop control over their desire to take things that do not belong to them.With medical help they may become normal citizens again.They things that a kleptomaniac steals are seldom of great value.They often give away what they have stolen o
11、r collect objects without using them.32021/8/9 星期一9Q:What is the topic of the text?A.YoungThieves.B.AnUnusualIllness.C.ReasonsforStealingD.ANormalChildsActions.Topic Sentence:Kleptomania is an illness of the mind that gives a person the desire to steal.2021/8/9 星期一10 Boston-Thievesdressedaspoliceent
12、eredamuseum early Sunday and stole 11 paintings,including major works by Rembrandt,Dagas,ManetandVermerr,FBI(美国联邦调查局)andthemuseumofficialssaid.Thefirstjudgmentplacedvalueofatleast$100million on the works stolen from the IsabellaGardener Museum,said Boston police spokes-manJimTordanWilliamBobinson,of
13、HardvardUnivercitysFoggelMuseum,calledtheobjectsstolen“majorworks.”42021/8/9 星期一11Q:What is the best headline for this newspaper article?A.ATheftTookPlaceinBostonB.ArtworksstolenbyThievesC.MajorWorksD.InvestigationintothetheftTopic Sentence:Thieves dressed as police entered a museum early Sunday and
14、 stole 11 paintings 2021/8/9 星期一12 You dream each night,even though you may not remember your dreams.While you dream your eyes move and your heart beats faster.Even your brain-wave pattern changes.Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health.They claim that without dream,p
15、eople would go crazy.52021/8/9 星期一13Q:What does the passage mainly tells?A.HowpeoplestayhealthyB.HowsleepisnecessaryC.WhydreamsareimportantD.WhenpeopleremembertheirdreamsTopic Sentence:Some scientists think that dreaming is important for the sake of health 2021/8/9 星期一14Readingisthekeytoschoolsucces
16、sand,likeanyskillittakespractice.Achildlearnstowalkbypracticinguntilhenolongerhastothinkabouthowtoputonefootinfrontoftheother.Agreatathletepracticesuntilhecanplayquickly,accurately(精确),withoutthinking.Tennisplayerscallthat“being”inthezone.”Educatorscallit“automaticity(自动).62021/8/9 星期一15Q:The first
17、paragraph tells us _.A.whatautomaticityisB.howaccuracyisacquired(获得)C.howachildlearnstowalkD.howanathleteistrained.Topic Sentence:Educators call it“automaticity2021/8/9 星期一16InAmericawehaveHalloween.InMexicotheyhaveTodosSantos,whichmeans“AllSaints”.This is the day in which people rememberfamilyandfr
18、iendswhohavedied.Theyvisitthecemeteryinsteadofgoingouttotrick-or-treat.But they do have pictures of skeletons andghostshangingaround.Theyalsohavemanycandyskullstoeat.72021/8/9 星期一17Q:What does the story mainly tells?A.WhatholidaysarelikeB.WhatHalloweenislikeinMexicoC.WhathappensduringTodosSantosD.Wh
19、atwedoonHalloween2021/8/9 星期一18三、三、推理判断题：推理判断题：题干形式：(1)It can be inferred from the text that _.(2)From the text we know that _.(3)The story implies that _.(4)The paragraph following the passage will most probably be _.(5)The writers attitude towardis _.技巧技巧：找出作者所陈述的细节、事实以及能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词语，进行符合逻辑的推
20、理。注意注意：不能以自己的观点代替作者的观点解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。解推断题最主要的方法是根据词义关系推断具体细节。2021/8/9 星期一19One day a man walked a pet shop and said to the shop assistant，“I need two small mice and about five dozen roaches（蟑螂）and two spiders（蜘蛛）.”“What do you need these things for?”the shop assistant was very surprised.“We
21、ll，”replied the man，“Im moving out of my apartment and the landlord insists that I should leave the house in exactly the same condition as I found it.”82021/8/9 星期一20Q：The passage suggests that when the writer moved into the apartment，it was _.A.verycleanB.justcleanedbythelandlordC.tidyandcomfortabl
22、eD.dirtyandfullofinsects2021/8/9 星期一21Some people are never right.They never have good luck.They usually do the wrong thing and say the wrong thing.And even if what they say or do is OK，they as a rule say it or do it at the wrong time.So these people always have problems.They often break dishes.They
23、 sometimes miss buses and airplanes.Mr Neff is different.He is always right.He is never wrong.He usually has good luck.He seldom has problems.He never breaks dishes.He never misses buses or airplanes.Even if he does miss them，it is always the fault of the buses or air planes.Mr Neff knows almost eve
24、rything.He doesnt ask questions；he answers questions.He never says，“I dont know.”92021/8/9 星期一22Q：Which of the following best describes the writers attitude（态度）（态度）towards Mr Neff?A.HefindsMr.NeffhardtounderstandB.HethinksMr.NeffwonderfulC.HefeelspityforMr.NeffD.HedoesnotlikeMr.Neff2021/8/9 星期一232021/8/9 星期一24