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1、The Land Down UnderThe Land Down UnderUnit3Language Study2021/8/9 星期一12021/8/9 星期一21 1、提醒、提醒、提醒、提醒/警告某人注意某事警告某人注意某事警告某人注意某事警告某人注意某事_2 2、由、由、由、由组成组成组成组成 _ _3 3、代表、象征、代表、象征、代表、象征、代表、象征 _ _4 4、至少、至少、至少、至少 _5 5、宣称、宣称、宣称、宣称/要求某物应归其所有要求某物应归其所有要求某物应归其所有要求某物应归其所有 _ _6 6、与、与、与、与相似相似相似相似_7 7、因此、结果、因此、结果、因此、结果
2、、因此、结果_8 8、对、对、对、对有很大影响有很大影响有很大影响有很大影响 _ _9 9、把、把、把、把变成变成变成变成_1010、受益于、受益于、受益于、受益于 _warn sb.of sth.warn sb.of sth.benefit fromtransform A into Bhave a strong influence onhave a strong influence onas a consequence/resultbe similar tolay claim to sth.lay claim to sth.at leaststand forbe made up of2021
3、/8/9 星期一31111、不同于、与、不同于、与、不同于、与、不同于、与有差异有差异有差异有差异 _ _1212、直到、直到、直到、直到才才才才_1313、(战争、火灾战争、火灾战争、火灾战争、火灾)突然爆发突然爆发突然爆发突然爆发 _ _1414、以、以、以、以为食为食为食为食_1515、生、产生、生、产生、生、产生、生、产生_1616、不让入内、不让入内、不让入内、不让入内_1717、聚拢、聚拢、聚拢、聚拢 _ _1818、与某人分享、与某人分享、与某人分享、与某人分享/分担分担分担分担_1919、去远足、去远足、去远足、去远足 _ _2020、喜欢、喜欢、喜欢、喜欢 _至语法diffe
4、r frombe fond ofgo hikingshare sth.withround upkeep outgive birth tofeed onbreak outnot until 2021/8/9 星期一4warn sb.of warn sb.of sth.warn sb.against doing sth.warn sb.not to do sth,warn sb.that The people of the town were warned of the danger of flooding.She gave him a warn not to play by the water.
5、=She warned him against playing.2021/8/9 星期一5注意比较注意比较 be made 后面的介词后面的介词:be made in/of/from/intobe made in/of/from/into be made up of be made up ofbe made up of Ice is made _ water,but colder than water.Ice is made _ water,but colder than water.Paper can be made _ grass.Paper can be made _ grass.Cou
6、ld you tell me how many students make _ Could you tell me how many students make _ your group?your group?Let me show you how to make a piece of paper Let me show you how to make a piece of paper _ an airplane._ an airplane.of offromfromupupintointo2021/8/9 星期一6stand for:代表，代替代表，代替代表，代替代表，代替 PO stand
7、s for Post Office or Postal order.stand in for 代替代替代替代替 When the star is ill,another actor stands in for him.stand by袖手旁观、赞同、支持袖手旁观、赞同、支持袖手旁观、赞同、支持袖手旁观、赞同、支持(=support)How can you stand by and see such cruelty?Ill stand by you whatever happens.stand for2021/8/9 星期一7stand in ones way 挡住某人的路挡住某人的路挡住某人的
8、路挡住某人的路 Dont let the cost stand in your way.Shell pay for it.stand 容忍、位于容忍、位于容忍、位于容忍、位于 She says shes not going to stand for her children disobeying her.The house stands on a hill.stand(well)with sb.与某人相处得（好）与某人相处得（好）与某人相处得（好）与某人相处得（好）How do you stand with your class adviser?2021/8/9 星期一8 It is well
9、 known that the letters“SOS”_“Urgent Rescue”.A.go for B.are for C.stand for D.speak for2021/8/9 星期一9claim vt.认领、提出要求、声称认领、提出要求、声称 I lost my umbrella,but claimed it at the lost property office.（认领）（认领）（认领）（认领）He can fairly claim to have more.他可以正当地要求多给予一些的他可以正当地要求多给予一些的他可以正当地要求多给予一些的他可以正当地要求多给予一些的 He
10、 claimed he hadnt been at the scene of the crime.他宣布他不在犯罪现场。他宣布他不在犯罪现场。他宣布他不在犯罪现场。他宣布他不在犯罪现场。2021/8/9 星期一10n.认领、提出要求、声称认领、提出要求、声称认领、提出要求、声称认领、提出要求、声称 Mary made a claim to the pencil.玛丽认为她应得到这支铅笔。玛丽认为她应得到这支铅笔。lay claim to sth.宣称某物应归其所有宣称某物应归其所有宣称某物应归其所有宣称某物应归其所有 If the land really belongs to you,why
11、dont you lay claim to it?假如这块地真是属于你的，你何不请求归还产权？假如这块地真是属于你的，你何不请求归还产权？2021/8/9 星期一11 Fishermen and sailors sometimes _ to have seen monsters in the sea,but there are no evidences to support them.A.pretend B.attempt C.claim D.announce2021/8/9 星期一12相当于：相当于：as a result/in consequence He drinks too much,
12、as a consequence,he is in poor health.as a consequence of 因为因为因为因为；由于；由于；由于；由于 in consequence of 作为作为作为作为的结果的结果的结果的结果 suffer the consequence of 自食其果自食其果自食其果自食其果 face the consequences of 面对面对面对面对的后果的后果的后果的后果 take the consequences of 承担承担承担承担的后果的后果的后果的后果as a consequence 2021/8/9 星期一13 We should do eve
13、rything without destroying our environment.Otherwise,well _ the consequence of our actions.A.face B.take C.suffer D.be in2021/8/9 星期一14transform vt.改变、改造、转变：改变、改造、转变：Heat can transform water into steam.Any kind of energy can be transformed into electricity.The government has transformed him from a c
14、riminal into a good citizen.注意注意 transform 的词性变换：的词性变换：transformable adj.可变形的、可变化的可变形的、可变化的可变形的、可变化的可变形的、可变化的 transformation n.变化、转化、改型、改革、转换变化、转化、改型、改革、转换变化、转化、改型、改革、转换变化、转化、改型、改革、转换2021/8/9 星期一15判断下列句子是否正确判断下列句子是否正确:Some diseases are transformed by certain water animals.句意为：句意为：“有些疾病是通过水生动物传播的。有些疾
15、病是通过水生动物传播的。有些疾病是通过水生动物传播的。有些疾病是通过水生动物传播的。”transform 改变、改造、改革改变、改造、改革改变、改造、改革改变、改造、改革 transplant 移植移植移植移植 transport 运输运输运输运输 transmit （信息、信号、疾病等）的传播（信息、信号、疾病等）的传播（信息、信号、疾病等）的传播（信息、信号、疾病等）的传播transmitted2021/8/9 星期一16vt.获益、对获益、对有利有利 I dont think your uncle will benefit us with his money.我想你叔叔不会给我们钱的。我
16、想你叔叔不会给我们钱的。我想你叔叔不会给我们钱的。我想你叔叔不会给我们钱的。vi.与与 from 或或 by 连用，表示：从连用，表示：从中受益中受益 Who is likely to benefit most from the new tax laws?什么人可以从新税法中获益最多？什么人可以从新税法中获益最多？什么人可以从新税法中获益最多？什么人可以从新税法中获益最多？n.(u)利益、益处、裨益、帮助利益、益处、裨益、帮助 We shall get much benefit from reading.benefit2021/8/9 星期一17 You should go to the li
17、brary often.I believe you will _ it a lot.A.benefit B.benefit from C.benefit for D.benefit in2021/8/9 星期一181)表示谓语动词一直延续到表示谓语动词一直延续到表示谓语动词一直延续到表示谓语动词一直延续到 until/till 从句所表示从句所表示从句所表示从句所表示 的时间，用肯定句；的时间，用肯定句；的时间，用肯定句；的时间，用肯定句；They studied in the classroom until 12 oclock.2)若谓语动词到若谓语动词到若谓语动词到若谓语动词到until/
18、till 之时才发生，须用否定句；之时才发生，须用否定句；之时才发生，须用否定句；之时才发生，须用否定句；Tom didnt go to bed until 12 oclock.3)notuntil 放在句首时，须用倒装句；放在句首时，须用倒装句；放在句首时，须用倒装句；放在句首时，须用倒装句；Not until 12 oclock did Tom go to bed.4)not until 时间状语可以被强调；时间状语可以被强调；时间状语可以被强调；时间状语可以被强调；It was not until 12 that Tom went to bed.(not)until/till2021/8
19、/9 星期一19 It was until last year that he _.A.left his home town for a new start B.came to realize the importance of learning English C.worked as an English teacher at a middle school D.set out to build a new house of his own2021/8/9 星期一20break 短语短语1.break out(火灾、战争等火灾、战争等火灾、战争等火灾、战争等)突然发生突然发生突然发生突然发生
20、 A fire broke out in the neighborhood last night.2.break into(vt.)突然闯入、突然发出突然闯入、突然发出突然闯入、突然发出突然闯入、突然发出 A thief broke into his house last night and stole a lot of things.3.break in (vi.)强行闯入、打岔强行闯入、打岔强行闯入、打岔强行闯入、打岔 Thieves broke in last night and stole jewelry.He kept breaking in with silly questions
21、.2021/8/9 星期一214.break up 瓦解、分解、变坏、终止、破裂瓦解、分解、变坏、终止、破裂瓦解、分解、变坏、终止、破裂瓦解、分解、变坏、终止、破裂 Their marriage broke up.They will break up the old ship.The meeting broke up.5.break down 捣毁、分解、出故障、失败捣毁、分解、出故障、失败捣毁、分解、出故障、失败捣毁、分解、出故障、失败 The car broke down on the way home.Your health will break down if you work too
22、 hard.Rubbish will be broken down in the sea.2021/8/9 星期一226.break away(from)逃脱、从逃脱、从逃脱、从逃脱、从逃脱、逃脱、逃脱、逃脱、与与与与断绝关系断绝关系断绝关系断绝关系 The pickpocket broke away from the police-man who was holding his arm.7.break through 突破障碍突破障碍突破障碍突破障碍 The sun broke through the clouds.The enemys defence works were strong,b
23、ut we broke through at last.2021/8/9 星期一231.His computer broke _ before he could use it.2.Those old cars will be broken _ for scrap.3.Last night somebody broke _ and took away many things.4.The war broke _ in China in 1937.5.The boy often breaks _ while the teacher is giving a lecture.6.You must bre
24、ak _ from the bad habit.7.After the shower,the sun broke _.8.I am sure the house was broken _ last night,for the window is broken.9.The ice began to break _ on the river.downdownupupin inoutoutin inawayawaythroughthroughintointoupup2021/8/9 星期一24feed(on)1)feed on=live on 以以以以为主食为主食为主食为主食 Cows chiefl
25、y feed on grass.2)feed on用用用用喂喂喂喂 The old lady feeds her cat on milk every evening.3)feed to 把把把把作为食物喂给作为食物喂给作为食物喂给作为食物喂给 I wouldnt feed that meat to my dog.4)be fed up with(=be tired of)厌烦、不满厌烦、不满厌烦、不满厌烦、不满 Im fed up with your grumbling(怨言怨言).2021/8/9 星期一25判断下列句子是否正确判断下列句子是否正确:1.Cattle live chiefly
26、 on grass.2.They used to live on fishing.3.My whole family live on me.feedfeedfeed on 的主语为物的主语为物的主语为物的主语为物；live on 的主语为人的主语为人的主语为人的主语为人make a living bymake a living bylive on 后不能接职业、工作后不能接职业、工作后不能接职业、工作后不能接职业、工作depends on me for lifedepends on me for lifelive on 后不能接人后不能接人后不能接人后不能接人2021/8/9 星期一261.C
27、an you tell me _ you feed this kind of cow _ in winter?A.that on B.what /C.how on D.what on2.Many students are fed _ too much homework after school.A.on B.up C.to D.up with2021/8/9 星期一27keep 短语短语 keep off:远离远离远离远离;不接近不接近不接近不接近 If the rain keeps off,.(=If it doesnt start to rain,.)Please keep off tha
28、t subject.Do please keep off drugs.keep out(of)置身于置身于置身于置身于外、不卷入外、不卷入外、不卷入外、不卷入 Shut the windows and keep the cold out.Keep your dog out of the room.2021/8/9 星期一28keep away:avoid coming/going near 避开避开避开避开 Keep away from the waters edge.keep sb./sth.away:使使使使离开离开离开离开 prevent sb./sth.from going/comin
29、g near Keep the children away from the waters edge.keep back 使后退、离开、扣除使后退、离开、扣除使后退、离开、扣除使后退、离开、扣除 The police had to keep the crowd back.The boss kept back$10 from her wages.2021/8/9 星期一29keep up 保持、不低落保持、不低落保持、不低落保持、不低落 Their spirits kept up well in spite of hardships.keep up with 不落后、追赶上不落后、追赶上不落后、
30、追赶上不落后、追赶上 He couldnt keep up with his class.keep sb.up:使某人迟睡使某人迟睡使某人迟睡使某人迟睡 Its wrong to keep the children up so late.2021/8/9 星期一301._ your courage.Youll succeed sooner or later.2.He walked so fast that she couldnt _ him.3._ their quarrel!4._ the grass!5._.Its dangerous.6.Youd better _ me.I have a
31、 bad cold.Keep upKeep upkeep up withkeep up withKeep out ofKeep out ofKeep offKeep offKeep backKeep backkeep away fromkeep away from2021/8/9 星期一312021/8/9 星期一32 表语用以说明主语的身份表语用以说明主语的身份,特征和状态特征和状态,它一般位于系动词它一般位于系动词(如如 be,become,get,look,grow,turn,seem 等等)之后之后.What is Predicative2021/8/9 星期一33Predicativ
32、e Predicative What can be used as Predicative?noun pronoun numerals adj.adv.to do/doing/done prep.phrase clause2021/8/9 星期一341.1.名词名词名词名词 Our English teacher is an American.He is an astronaut.2.2.代词代词代词代词 Is it yours?That is all I want to tell you.3.3.形容词形容词形容词形容词 The weather has turned out cold.Aus
33、tralia is as old as time.2021/8/9 星期一354.4.数词数词数词数词 Three times seven is twenty-one.He is always the first to enter the office.5.5.副词副词副词副词 Time is up.The class is over.My wife is not in.She is out with anger.2021/8/9 星期一366.6.分词分词分词分词 The speech is exciting.The cup was broken.7.7.不定式不定式不定式不定式 His j
34、ob is to teach English.Their plan is to finish the experiment in a week.2021/8/9 星期一378.8.动名词动名词动名词动名词 His hobby is playing football.My job is helping my students reach their goals in life.9.9.介词短语介词短语介词短语介词短语 The machine must be out of order.He is against our plan.2021/8/9 星期一3810.10.表语从句表语从句表语从句表语
35、从句 The truth is that he has never been abroad.What I want to know is when we will have the sports meeting.The reason for his being late for the meeting is that he is ill and has just been to hospital.2021/8/9 星期一391.The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier,_ it more difficult.Anot make
36、 Bnot to make Cnot making Ddo not make 2021/8/9 星期一402.Longjing tea,Jasmine tea and Wuyi tea are all famous,but which do you think _?A.tastes best B.smells most C.drinks mostlyD.sounds best 2021/8/9 星期一413.That is just _ they are mistaken.A.when B.what C.where D.which 2021/8/9 星期一424.The meeting was
37、 put off,_ was exactly _ we wanted.A.it;that B.as;that C.which;what D.this;what2021/8/9 星期一435.His suit has become loose.He seems _ weight.Ato lose Bbeing lost ClosingDto have lost 2021/8/9 星期一446.The reason why I burst into tears is _ I dont want to part my mother.A.that B.which C./D.because 2021/8
38、/9 星期一457.-Where is George?He said he would meet me here at 3.-He seems _ with Mr.Brown in the office.A.to talk B.to be talking C.to have talked D.talking2021/8/9 星期一468They found there was _ to weigh such an elephant.Abig enough nothing Bnothing enough big Cenough nothing big Dnothing big enough 20
39、21/8/9 星期一479.As we joined the big crowd，I got _ from my friends.（NMET 2001）Aseparated Bspared Clost Dmissed 2021/8/9 星期一4810.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.Is that _ you had a few days off?A.why B.when C.what D.where2021/8/9 星期一4911.Cleaning women in big cities usually get_ by the hou
40、r.（NMET98）Apay Bpaying Cpaid Dto pay 2021/8/9 星期一5012.I can hardly recognize the village.Oh,its no longer _ it used to be.A.that B.when C.how D.what 2021/8/9 星期一51连系动词连系动词连系动词连系动词表状态表状态表状态表状态 表变化表变化表变化表变化表感官表感官表感官表感官连系动词用法小结连系动词用法小结be,keep,stay,lie,be,keep,stay,lie,remain,stand,remain,stand,get,beco
41、me,grow,get,become,grow,turn,come,go,fall.turn,come,go,fall.run,wear,make,run,wear,make,look,seem,appear,look,seem,appear,sound,smell,taste,sound,smell,taste,feel,feel,2021/8/9 星期一52使用连系动词时首先需要使用连系动词时首先需要注意弄清楚连系动词和形注意弄清楚连系动词和形为动词的用法特征及它们为动词的用法特征及它们之间的用法区别；在此基之间的用法区别；在此基础上需要重点掌握常见的础上需要重点掌握常见的表示变化的连系动
42、词的用表示变化的连系动词的用法特点及相互之间的区别。法特点及相互之间的区别。2021/8/9 星期一53注意注意 become 和和 get 的基本用法的基本用法2021/8/9 星期一54 becomebecome 和和和和 getget 主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化主要指一个人暂时性的身心变化或永久性的自然变化：或永久性的自然变化：或永久性的自然变化：或永久性的自然变化：become/getbecome/get angry,famous,fat,ill,old,well,angry,famous,fat,ill,old,well,de
43、af,strong,etc deaf,strong,etc 生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，生气，成名，发胖，得病，变老，痊愈，变聋，变强，等痊愈，变聋，变强，等痊愈，变聋，变强，等痊愈，变聋，变强，等 另外另外另外另外，becomebecome 和和和和 getget 还可用于指天气的变化和还可用于指天气的变化和还可用于指天气的变化和还可用于指天气的变化和社会的趋势：社会的趋势：社会的趋势：社会的趋势：Its Its becoming/gettingbecoming/getting cold(dark,cloudy,etc).cold
44、(dark,cloudy,etc).天渐冷了天渐冷了天渐冷了天渐冷了(黑了，多云了等黑了，多云了等黑了，多云了等黑了，多云了等)。Divorce Divorce is becoming/gettingis becoming/getting more common.more common.离婚现象越来越常见了。离婚现象越来越常见了。离婚现象越来越常见了。离婚现象越来越常见了。2021/8/9 星期一55注意注意 go 和和 come 基本用法基本用法2021/8/9 星期一56 go 和和和和 come 表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱表示变化时，前者主要指一
45、种由强到弱表示变化时，前者主要指一种由强到弱或由好到坏的变化或由好到坏的变化或由好到坏的变化或由好到坏的变化(可用于人或事物可用于人或事物可用于人或事物可用于人或事物)，后者则主要指，后者则主要指，后者则主要指，后者则主要指向好的方面变化：向好的方面变化：向好的方面变化：向好的方面变化：go bald(deaf,insane,etc)发秃，变聋，发疯等。发秃，变聋，发疯等。发秃，变聋，发疯等。发秃，变聋，发疯等。The meats gone off(gone bad).肉变味肉变味肉变味肉变味(变坏变坏变坏变坏)了。了。了。了。The radios gone wrong.收音机出毛病了。收音机
46、出毛病了。收音机出毛病了。收音机出毛病了。Her wish came true.她的愿望实现了。她的愿望实现了。她的愿望实现了。她的愿望实现了。Everything came right.一切顺利。一切顺利。一切顺利。一切顺利。2021/8/9 星期一57 另外，另外，go 还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，还可用于人或事物颜色的变色，与与 turn 用法相同：用法相同：She went/turned blue with cold.The rotten meat went/turned green.【注】【注】但是但是 go 一般不与一般不与 old,tired,ill 等连等连 用，遇此情况要用其
47、他连系动词：用，遇此情况要用其他连系动词：grow/get old 变老，变老，fall/become ill(sick)生生 病，病，get/feel tired 疲劳疲劳2021/8/9 星期一58 go后接形容词通常表示结果后接形容词通常表示结果(见上例见上例)，在个别搭配中也表示现状：在个别搭配中也表示现状：go hungry 挨挨 饿，饿，go naked 光着身子光着身子 come 除表示向好的方面变化外，还有以下除表示向好的方面变化外，还有以下 常见搭配值得注意：常见搭配值得注意：come untied 解开，解开，come loose 变松，变松，come undone 松开松
48、开 2021/8/9 星期一59注意注意 grow 的基本用法的基本用法2021/8/9 星期一60 grow 主要表示主要表示逐渐逐渐变化，强调变化变化，强调变化的的过程过程：It began to grow dark.天色渐渐黑了。天色渐渐黑了。The sea is growing calm.大海变得平静起来。大海变得平静起来。The pollution problem is growing serious.污染问题日见严峻。污染问题日见严峻。2021/8/9 星期一61注意名词作表语的用法注意名词作表语的用法2021/8/9 星期一62 以上连系动词通常接形容词作表语，以上连系动词通常接
49、形容词作表语，但有的还可接其他结构，如但有的还可接其他结构，如come,get,grow后后可接可接不定式不定式，become,turn后可接后可接名词名词，go,grow 后可接后可接介词短语介词短语：Youll soon grow to like her.Its becoming a serious problem The little plant grew into a tree.They went out of fashion years ago2021/8/9 星期一63【注】【注】turn 后接名词时，往往表示意想后接名词时，往往表示意想 不到的变化，名词前通常用不到的变化，名词前
50、通常用零冠词零冠词：He turned writer after he graduated from a medical college.他从医学院毕业后当了作家。他从医学院毕业后当了作家。(比较：比较：He became a writer after graduating from college.)2021/8/9 星期一64become,get,turn,make,fall become,get,turn,make,fall 可接名词，但各有特点。可接名词，但各有特点。可接名词，但各有特点。可接名词，但各有特点。getget 后的名词前可加后的名词前可加后的名词前可加后的名词前可加 to