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1、谈谈情态动词谈谈情态动词谈谈情态动词谈谈情态动词-Modal VerbsModal Verbs我们常见的英文动词有：及物动词我们常见的英文动词有：及物动词我们常见的英文动词有：及物动词我们常见的英文动词有：及物动词-Transitive VerbsTransitive Verbs不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词不及物动词-intransitive Verbs,intransitive Verbs,助动词助动词助动词助动词-Auxiliary Auxiliary VerbsVerbs联系动词联系动词联系动词联系动词-Link Verbs Link Verbs 和情态动词和情态动词和情态动词和情态动
2、词-Modal VerbsModal Verbs还有其他的；非谓语动词：如动词不定式，动名词还有其他的；非谓语动词：如动词不定式，动名词还有其他的；非谓语动词：如动词不定式，动名词还有其他的；非谓语动词：如动词不定式，动名词情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的情态动词和其他动词连用，可表示说话人的 语气或态度。语气或态度。语气或态度。语气或态度。情态动词可表达建议，要求，可能和意愿等。情态动词可表达建议，要求，可能和意愿等。情态动词可表达建议，要求，可能和意愿等。情态动词可表达建议，要求，可能和意愿等。情态动词没有人
3、称和数的变化。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情情态动词集集锦2021/8/11 星期三1Possibility:Ability:Requests:Necessity:Certainty:Permission:Suggestions:Advice:can/could,may/mightcan/could,may/mightcan/could,be able tocan/could,be able tocan/could,will/would,can/could,will/would,would likewould likemust,have
4、to,have got to,must,have to,have got to,needneedmust,will,shouldmust,will,shouldcan/could,may/mightcan/could,may/mightcould,may/might,shallcould,may/might,shallshould,ought to,had bettershould,ought to,had better2021/8/11 星期三2一一.can和和 could用于表示用于表示“可能可能”或或“推测推测”，表示说话人，表示说话人能，可以，准许以及客观条件许可，能，可以，准许以及客
5、观条件许可，could为为can的过去式的过去式1.11.1表能力，有表能力，有表能力，有表能力，有“能能能能”、“会会会会”、“能够能够能够能够”的意思的意思的意思的意思例如：例如：例如：例如：Canyoudriveacar?Canyoudriveacar?-Yes,Ican.Yes,Ican.-No,Icant.No,Icant.。1.21.2表允许，在口语中代替表允许，在口语中代替表允许，在口语中代替表允许，在口语中代替 maymay，有有有有“可以可以可以可以”的意思的意思的意思的意思例如：例如：例如：例如：CanIuseyourbike?CanIuseyourbike?过去式过去式过
6、去式过去式couldcould表示的语气更加委婉、客气表示的语气更加委婉、客气表示的语气更加委婉、客气表示的语气更加委婉、客气例如：例如：例如：例如：Could I come to see you tomorrow?Could I come to see you tomorrow?1.31.3表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句表示可能性，常用于否定句和疑问句例如：例如：例如：例如：Canitbetrue?Canitbetrue?TodayisSunday.Hecantbeatschool.TodayisSunday.Hecantbe
7、atschool.2021/8/11 星期三3was/were able to 意含意含”经过经过努力努力”“凭借才能凭借才能”获获得的得的”能力能力”常与常与”manage to”相通相通e.g.,He started early,and he was able to arrived the earliest.They worked hard,so they were able to do more for the company.They were short of modern machines,but they were able to complete the project in
8、time.2021/8/11 星期三4二二.may和和 might 用于表示用于表示“事实上的可能性事实上的可能性”或或“预预测测”1.1.It may rain tomorrow.It may rain tomorrow.2.2.It may snow later this afternoon.It may snow later this afternoon.3.3.You might be right.You might be right.2021/8/11 星期三5三三.must用于表示用于表示“必定必定”“必须必须”1.1.mustmust表示必须，否定回答时用表示必须，否定回答时用表
9、示必须，否定回答时用表示必须，否定回答时用neednneedn t.t.mustnmustn t t表示不许可表示不许可表示不许可表示不许可 e.g.1)MustIcometonight?e.g.1)MustIcometonight?-No,youneednt.-No,youneednt.2)Youmustnttsmokeinthehospital.2)Youmustnttsmokeinthehospital.2.2.mustmust用于肯定句，可以表示推测，翻译为：一定或想必。用于肯定句，可以表示推测，翻译为：一定或想必。用于肯定句，可以表示推测，翻译为：一定或想必。用于肯定句，可以表示推测
10、，翻译为：一定或想必。Must do/must be doingMust do/must be doingMust do/must be doingMust do/must be doing，表示对现在的推测；表示对现在的推测；表示对现在的推测；表示对现在的推测；must have must have must have must have donedonedonedone表示对过去的推测。对过去的推测是考试的重点表示对过去的推测。对过去的推测是考试的重点表示对过去的推测。对过去的推测是考试的重点表示对过去的推测。对过去的推测是考试的重点 1)Shemustlivenearhere,forsh
11、ecomestoworkonfoot.2)Shewasabsentfromclass.Theremusthavebeensomethingwrongwithher.3)Thelightwasout.Theymusthavegonetobed.2021/8/11 星期三63 must表示说话人的主观看法；表示说话人的主观看法；have to(have got to)表示客观需要表示客观需要 You must be tired after the long journey.It is too late;I have to leave now.四四 need/dare1）做情态动词，通常用在否定句或
12、疑问句中做情态动词，通常用在否定句或疑问句中He needt pay for it.How dare you say I am unfair.2)作实义动词，有时态，人称和数的变化；肯定句中接的作实义动词，有时态，人称和数的变化；肯定句中接的带带to不定式；在否定句和疑问句中可接不定式；在否定句和疑问句中可接to也可不接也可不接toI dare to swim across the river.You need to finish it this evening.He doesnt dare(to)answer.Dont you dare(to)touch it.2021/8/11 星期三73
13、)Need to be done/need doing表示表示“需要被需要被”The house needs to be cleaned.The house needs cleaning.2021/8/11 星期三8五五shall和和will的比的比较比较内容比较内容肯定句肯定句疑问句疑问句shall表示表示“威胁威胁”、“警告警告”、“允允诺诺”的语气的语气与第一、三人称与第一、三人称连用，表示征询连用，表示征询对方的意见对方的意见Will/would1）表示）表示“习惯习惯”2）表示）表示“愿意愿意/望望”3）表示）表示“必然必然性性”与第二人称连用，与第二人称连用，表示征询对方的表示征询
14、对方的意见意见1.If you _follow my advice,I _offer you some help.2._you meet him right now or _ he wait outside,sir?willshallWillshall2021/8/11 星期三91)1)TherulesshalltakeeffectonTherulesshalltakeeffectonJan.1st.Jan.1st.(shall(shall 用于规章等，表示义务和规定用于规章等，表示义务和规定用于规章等，表示义务和规定用于规章等，表示义务和规定)新规则于一月一日起生效。新规则于一月一日起生效。
15、新规则于一月一日起生效。新规则于一月一日起生效。2)ShallIturnonthelight,Mom?2)ShallIturnonthelight,Mom?（用于征求对方的（用于征求对方的（用于征求对方的（用于征求对方的意见，情态动词）意见，情态动词）意见，情态动词）意见，情态动词）Ishallbethere.Ishallbethere.（表（表（表（表“决心决心决心决心”，情态动词），情态动词），情态动词），情态动词）3)should3)should用于表示用于表示用于表示用于表示“应当应当应当应当”“”“”“”“猜测猜测猜测猜测”是情态动词是情态动词是情态动词是情态动词例如：例如：例如：例
16、如：Wethoughtweshouldneverseeyouagain.Wethoughtweshouldneverseeyouagain.我们以为再也见不到你了。（构成一般过去将来时，助动词）我们以为再也见不到你了。（构成一般过去将来时，助动词）我们以为再也见不到你了。（构成一般过去将来时，助动词）我们以为再也见不到你了。（构成一般过去将来时，助动词）Ishouldwritesomeletterstonight.Ishouldwritesomeletterstonight.今晚我得写几封信。今晚我得写几封信。今晚我得写几封信。今晚我得写几封信。（表（表（表（表“应当应当应当应当”，情态动词）
17、，情态动词），情态动词），情态动词）Theyshouldbetherebynow.Theyshouldbetherebynow.他们现在可能到了。他们现在可能到了。他们现在可能到了。他们现在可能到了。（表（表（表（表“猜测猜测猜测猜测”，情态动词），情态动词），情态动词），情态动词）六六 shall/should2021/8/11 星期三10ought to“有责任、有义务做某事”You ought to start the work at once.七七 ought to/shouldought to/shouldshould“劝告、建议”You should start the work
18、atonce.2021/8/11 星期三11ought to ought to 用于表示可能性，推测用于表示可能性，推测用于表示可能性，推测用于表示可能性，推测“想必会想必会想必会想必会”语气语气语气语气比比比比mustmust弱弱弱弱1.1.They ought to be there by now.They ought to be there by now.2.2.他们想必已经到那儿了。他们想必已经到那儿了。他们想必已经到那儿了。他们想必已经到那儿了。2.2.He ought to stop smoking.He ought to stop smoking.他最好不要抽烟了。他最好不要抽烟
19、了。他最好不要抽烟了。他最好不要抽烟了。2021/8/11 星期三12八八1 1 used to do;had better do used to do;had better do would rather do would rather do 2Usednt to do/didnt use to 2Usednt to do/didnt use to dodoHad better not do sthHad better not do sthWould rather not do sthWould rather not do sthEg:She used to be fat,didnhe?Eg
20、:She used to be fat,didnhe?,usedt ,usedt she?she?You had better not eat the You had better not eat the food.food.I would rather watch TV.I would rather watch TV.2021/8/11 星期三13ncan/may/must/need 问句的回答方式问句的回答方式Can/Could you do sth.Yes,I/we/can/couldNo,I wecant/couldntMay I do sth.?Yes,No,you Must I/w
21、e do sth.?Yes,No you Need I do sth.?Yes,No,you 疑问句式肯定句式否定答式youmay.mustnt/maynot.youmustneednt/donthaveto.youmust.neednt/donthaveto.2021/8/11 星期三14Hemustbereading,isnthe?Hemusthavealreadygoneoverthearticle,hasnthe?Itmusthaverainedlastnight,didntit?表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成表猜测语气的反意疑问句的构成2021/8/11 星期三15情态动词表示情态动词
22、表示“推测推测”的用法。的用法。1.1.情态动词表示情态动词表示情态动词表示情态动词表示“推测推测推测推测”的用法的用法的用法的用法情态动词表示情态动词表示情态动词表示情态动词表示“推测推测推测推测”时，要记住以下两种推测和形式时，要记住以下两种推测和形式时，要记住以下两种推测和形式时，要记住以下两种推测和形式推测：推测：推测：推测：两种形式：两种形式：两种形式：两种形式：用情态动词用情态动词用情态动词用情态动词+have donehave donehave donehave done表示对过去发生动表示对过去发生动表示对过去发生动表示对过去发生动作或状态的推测；作或状态的推测；作或状态的推测
23、；作或状态的推测；情态动词情态动词情态动词情态动词+dodododo或情态动词或情态动词或情态动词或情态动词+be doingbe doingbe doingbe doing加表示对现在发生加表示对现在发生加表示对现在发生加表示对现在发生动作或状态的推测。动作或状态的推测。动作或状态的推测。动作或状态的推测。具体用法如下：具体用法如下：具体用法如下：具体用法如下：2021/8/11 星期三169.19.1musthavedonemusthavedone表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分肯定表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分肯定表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分肯定表示过去一定做了什么，语气十分肯定例如：例
24、如：例如：例如：Youmusthavefinishedyourwork.Youmusthavefinishedyourwork.你一定完成了你的工作。你一定完成了你的工作。你一定完成了你的工作。你一定完成了你的工作。9.29.2cancanthavedonethavedone表示过去不可能做了什么，语气也比表示过去不可能做了什么，语气也比表示过去不可能做了什么，语气也比表示过去不可能做了什么，语气也比较肯定较肯定较肯定较肯定(是上面的否定形式是上面的否定形式是上面的否定形式是上面的否定形式)例如：例如：例如：例如：HecanHecanthavegonetoBeijing,forIhadatal
25、kthavegonetoBeijing,forIhadatalkwithhimjustnow.withhimjustnow.他不可能去过北京，因为我刚和他交谈过。他不可能去过北京，因为我刚和他交谈过。他不可能去过北京，因为我刚和他交谈过。他不可能去过北京，因为我刚和他交谈过。9.39.3neednneednthavedonethavedone表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做表示过去没有必要做什么但已经做了。了。了。了。例如：例如：例如：例如：YouneednYouneednthavecomeearlier.thavecomeearlie
26、r.你不需要来这么早你不需要来这么早你不需要来这么早你不需要来这么早的。的。的。的。9.49.4shouldhavedoneshouldhavedone过去该做什么但没有做。过去该做什么但没有做。过去该做什么但没有做。过去该做什么但没有做。(含有责备含有责备含有责备含有责备的意思的意思的意思的意思)。例如：例如：例如：例如：Youshouldhavestartedearlier.Youshouldhavestartedearlier.你本应该早点开你本应该早点开你本应该早点开你本应该早点开始的。始的。始的。始的。2021/8/11 星期三179.59.5shouldnshouldnthaved
27、onethavedone表示过去不该做什么但做了。表示过去不该做什么但做了。表示过去不该做什么但做了。表示过去不该做什么但做了。(含有含有含有含有责备的意思责备的意思责备的意思责备的意思)例如：例如：例如：例如：YoushouldnYoushouldnthavehelpedhim,hecouldthavehelpedhim,hecoulddoithimself.doithimself.你本不该帮助他的，他能自己做。你本不该帮助他的，他能自己做。你本不该帮助他的，他能自己做。你本不该帮助他的，他能自己做。9.69.6oughttohavedoneoughttohavedone表示过去该做什么而没
28、有做。表示过去该做什么而没有做。表示过去该做什么而没有做。表示过去该做什么而没有做。(是职是职是职是职责和义务责和义务责和义务责和义务)例如：例如：例如：例如：Yououghttohavehelpedhim.(butyouYououghttohavehelpedhim.(butyoudidndidnt.)t.)你应该帮助他的。你应该帮助他的。你应该帮助他的。你应该帮助他的。9.79.7can/coulddosth.can/coulddosth.表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于否定句、表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于否定句、表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于否定句、表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于否定句、疑问句或
29、感叹句中。疑问句或感叹句中。疑问句或感叹句中。疑问句或感叹句中。例如：例如：例如：例如：ThisnewscanThisnewscantbetrue.tbetrue.这消息不可能是真的。这消息不可能是真的。这消息不可能是真的。这消息不可能是真的。9.89.8may/mightdosth.may/mightdosth.表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于表示对现在情况的猜测，常用于肯定句中。肯定句中。肯定句中。肯定句中。例如：例如：例如：例如：Mr.WangmayknowProfessorLiMr.WangmayknowProfessorListel
30、ephonestelephonenumber.number.王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。王先生也许知道李教授的电话号码。2021/8/11 星期三181.-When Can I come for the photos?I need them tomorrow afternoon.-They _ be ready by 12:00.A.can B.shouldB.C.might D.need 2021/8/11 星期三192.-Could I call you by your first name?-Yes,you _.A.wi
31、ll B.could C.may D.might2021/8/11 星期三203.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly,but everyone _ get out.A.had to B.would C.could D.was able to2021/8/11 星期三214.Johnny,you _ play with the knife,you _ hurt yourself.A.wont;cant B.mustnt;mayC.should;mustD.cant;shouldnt2021/8/11 星期三225.-There were
32、already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well.-It _ a comfortable trip.A.cant beB.shouldnt beC.mustnt have beenD.couldnt have been.2021/8/11 星期三236.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _ be here at any moment.A.must B.needB.C.should D.can2021/8/11 星期三247.-Shall I tell John about it?-No,
33、you _,Ive told him already.A.neednt B.wouldntC.mustnt D.shouldnt2021/8/11 星期三258.Peter _ come with us tonight,but he isnt very sure yet.A.must B.may C.can D.will2021/8/11 星期三269.A computer _ think for itself,it must be told what to do.A.cant B.couldnt C.may not D.might not2021/8/11 星期三2710.Where is
34、my pen?I _ it.A.might lose B.would have lost C.should have lost D.must have lost2021/8/11 星期三2811.-Shall we go skating or stay at home?-Which _ do yourself?A.do you rather B.would you rather C.will you rather D.should you rather2021/8/11 星期三2912.He _ you more help,even though he was very busy.A.migh
35、t have given B.might give C.may have given D.may give2021/8/11 星期三3013.I thought you _ like something to read,so I have brought you some books.A.may B.might C.could D.must2021/8/11 星期三3114.The plant is dead.I _ it more water.A.will B.would have given C.must give D.should have given 2021/8/11 星期三3215
36、.-Will you stay for lunch?-Sorry,_.My brother is coming to see me.A.I mustnt B.I cant C.I neednt D.I wont2021/8/11 星期三3316.-May I go there before lunch?-No,_.A.you mustnt B.you may not C.youd better not D.all the above2021/8/11 星期三3417.-_ we go out for a walk?-Good idea.What time shall we meet?A.Sha
37、ll B.Let C.Will D.Must2021/8/11 星期三35全国高考试题回放1.A leftluggage office is a place where bags _be left for a short time,especially at a railway station.A.should B.can C.must D.will2.How _ you say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only part of the article?A.can B.must C.need
38、D.may3.The room is so dirty._ we clean it?-Of course.A.Will B.Shall C.Would D.DoBAB2021/8/11 星期三364.My English-Chinese dictionary has disappeared.Who _ have taken it?A.should B.must C.could D.would5.Is John coming by train?-He should,but he _ not.He likes driving his car.A.must B.can C.need D.may6.I
39、 heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.-It _ true because there was little snow there.A.may not be B.wont be C.couldt be D.mustnt beCDC2021/8/11 星期三377.It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the paper have been collected.A.can B.will C.may D.shall8.I he
40、ar youve got a set of valuable Australian coins._ I have a look?-Yes,certainly.A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should9.Oh,Im not feeling well in the stomach,I _ so much fried chicken just now.A.shouldnt eat B.mustnt have eatenC.shouldnt have eaten D.mustnt eatDBC2021/8/11 星期三3810.I was really anxious about you
41、.You _ home without a word.A.mustnt leave B.shouldnt have leftC.couldnt have left D.neednt leave11.You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentlemen _ be so rude to a lady.A.might B.need C.should D.would12.Write to me when you get home.-_.A.I must B.I should C.I will D.I canBCC2021/8/11 星期三3913.Mr.Bush
42、 is on time for everything.How _it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?A.can B.should C.may D.must14.Are you coming to Jeffs party?-Im not sure.I _ go to the concert instead.A.must B.would C.should D.might15.My sister met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon,so he _ your lecture.A.c
43、ouldnt have attended B.neednt have attendedC.mustnt have attended D.shouldnt have attendedADA2021/8/11 星期三4016.Sorry,Im late.I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.A.might B.should C.can D.will17.There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party.You _ come,but why didnt you?A.must
44、 have B.should C.need haveD.ought to have18.When can I come for the photes?I need them tomorrow afternoom.-They _ be ready by by 12:00.A.can B.should C.might D.needADB2021/8/11 星期三4119.I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh,did you?You _ with Barbara.A.could have stayed B.could stay C.would stay
45、D.must have stayed20.The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A.had to B.would C.was able to D.could21.Jack _ yet,otherwise he would have telephoned me.A.mustnt have arrived B.shouldnt have arrivedC.cant have arrived D.neednt have arrivedA CC2021/8/11 星期三4222.When he was
46、 there,he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work everyday.A.would B.should C.had better D.might23.Sir,you _ be sitting in this waiting room.It is for woman and children only.A.oughtnt to B.cant C.wont D.neednt24.Its nearly seven oclock.Jack _ be here at any moment A.must B.need C.should D
47、.can25.I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A.dare to say B.dare saying C.not dare say D.dared sayAADC2021/8/11 星期三4326.I told Sally how to get here,but perhaps I _ for her.A.had to write it out B.must have written it outC.should have written it out D.ought to write it out27.Michael _ be a policeman,for he is much too short.A.neednt B.cant C.should D.mayCB2021/8/11 星期三442021/8/11 星期三45