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1、2021/8/11 星期三1quantity n量；数量(1)in quantity 大量地如果你大量购买更便宜。Its cheaper if you buy it in quantity.2021/8/11 星期三2大量的食品和帐篷被从山东运到汶川。Quantities of food and tents were sent to Wenchuan from Shandong.quantities of作主语时，不论其后的名词可数或不可数，谓语动词都用复数。2021/8/11 星期三3 oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(2)be opposed to.反对；与对立说实话，我反对
2、你的计划。To be honest，I am opposed to your plan.2021/8/11 星期三4average(1)adj.平均的；普通的；正常的；平常的The average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.这个班级男生的平均年龄为十五岁。There is nothing special about him，he is very average.他没有什么特别的，他非常普通。2021/8/11 星期三5(2)n.平均数；平均水平；一般水准My school work is well above average.我的学习成绩
3、远远高于平均水平。On average men smoke more cigarettes than women.平均看来，男子比女子吸烟多。2021/8/11 星期三6glance(1)vi.看一下；扫视He glanced over his shoulder nervously.他紧张地回头张望。He glanced over the morning paper and went out.他匆匆地浏览了晨报然后出去了。2021/8/11 星期三7(2)n.一瞥；匆匆一看I could see at a glance that it wasnt his own work.我一眼就看出这不是他
4、本人的作品。I took a glance at the hall and found many familiar faces among the audience.我扫视了一下大厅，发现观众中有许多熟悉的面孔。2021/8/11 星期三8circumstance环境；情况(常用复数)In/Under the circumstances he felt unable to accept the job.在这种情况下，他觉得无法接受这项工作。In/Under no circumstances should a baby be left alone in the house.无论如何都不能把婴儿独
5、自留在家里。Circumstances permitting，Ill go abroad to study.情况允许的话，我要出国学习。2021/8/11 星期三9come about产生；发生；没有被动式，有时用it作形式主语，后面跟that引导的主语从句。The driver wouldnt tell me how the accident came about.司机就是不告诉我事故是怎么发生的。Ill never understand how it came about that you made such a mistake.我真不明白你居然犯了这么个错误。2021/8/11 星期三1
6、0辨析：come about，happen，take place与break out(1)come about 发生，产生，指要求解释或说明事情发生的理由。经常与how连用。How did these differences come about?这些差别是怎样产生的？(2)happen 发生，常用词汇，指偶然的，意外的，具体客观事物的发生或出现，尤其指自发的未能预见的事情发生。Luckily the earthquake didnt happen in the center of the city.幸亏地震没有发生在市中心。2021/8/11 星期三11(3)take place 发生，指事
7、件或事故的发生是在预料中的并非是偶然的，进而引申为按计划“进行，举行”。Great changes have taken place in our school in the past few years.最近几年我们学校发生了很大变化。(4)break out指战争、火灾、疾病等的突然“发生、爆发”。A fire broke out during the night.夜间突然发生了火灾。2021/8/11 星期三12result in导致，主语为起因，宾语为结果。The accident resulted in two deaths.这场事故导致两人死亡。Our efforts result
8、ed in success.我们的努力终于成功了。2021/8/11 星期三13(1)result from.由造成；因而产生(2)as a result结果(3)as a result of.由于的结果(4)without result没有结果；白费The terrible accident resulted from his carelessness.那桩可怕的意外事件因他的疏忽大意而引起。He was late as a result of the rain.由于下雨他迟到了。We tried hard，but without result.我们尽了很大努力，但白费了。2021/8/11
9、 星期三142021/8/11 星期三15put up with意为“忍受；容忍”，既可接人，也可接事物。I dont know how his parents put up with his bad behaviour.我不知道他的父母是如何忍受他的恶劣行为的。She could hardly put up with that fellow any longer.她再也不能忍受那家伙。I wont put up with her rudeness any longer!我再也不会容忍她的粗鲁无理了。stand，bear，tolerate忍受，容忍He cant stand being lau
10、ghed at in public.他忍受不了在公众场合被嘲笑。2021/8/11 星期三16There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer(see Graph 1)and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和(见图表1)，而且全球转暖是人为的，而不是随意的自然现象。2021/8/11 星期三17在本句型中，that从句是同位语从句，表示
11、doubt的内容。用法与there is a chance that.是一样的。(1)doubt作为名词，若用在否定句或疑问句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句；若用在肯定句中，后面接whether引导的同位语从句。注意此时不可以用if替换whether。(2)doubt作为动词，若用于否定句和疑问句中，后面接that引导的宾语从句；若用于肯定句中，后面一般接whether或if引导的宾语从句。2021/8/11 星期三18There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter.毫无疑问，他们在这件事上会同意你的。There
12、 is no doubt that radio and television are important means of communication.毫无疑问，收音机和电视机是信息交流的重要方式。I have no doubt that he will succeed.我相信他会成功的。Theres some doubt whether/if he is fit for the job.他是否胜任这项工作有点疑问。2021/8/11 星期三19He doubts if she will keep her word.他不敢肯定她是否会遵守诺言。I dont doubt/have no doub
13、t that he will win the race.我不怀疑他将赢得比赛。2021/8/11 星期三20It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not，turn it off！只要你在使用电器设备，你便可以把它开着，如果不用就把它关掉！(1)so long asas long as“只要”引导条件状语从句。You may borrow the book as long as/so long as you keep it clean.只要你不把书弄脏，就可以借给你。So long a
14、s/As long as you have confidence in yourself，youll win.只要你有自信，你会获胜的。2021/8/11 星期三21as long as只能用于肯定句，而so long as既可用于肯定句又能用于否定句。as long as还可意为“与一样长，长达”。We need a rope as long as 30 metres.我们需要一条30米长的绳子。Tom is as tall as Kate.Tom is not as(so)tall as Kate.2021/8/11 星期三22(2)if not在本句中是if you are not us
15、ing it的省略形式I think the train leaves at midday.Youd better take a taxi.If not，maybe youll miss it.我想火车是正午开，你最好打的去，否则可能会误车的。Is anybody feeling cold？If not，lets put the central heating off.有谁感到冷吗？如果没有，就把暖气关掉。2021/8/11 星期三23(1)if so如果这样Have you got a free evening next week？If so，lets have dinner together.下周你哪个晚上没事？如果没有事，我们去吃饭吧。(2)if any若有Point out errors，if any.若有错误，请指正。(3)if necessary如果有必要Take this camera with you，if necessary.如果有必要，带上照相机去吧！2021/8/11 星期三242021/8/11 星期三25