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1、从无的放矢到个性化的知识探索From OPAC to Personalized Discovery Foster ZhangSystems IntegrationDigital Library Systems and Servicesfjzhangstanford.edu问题的提出oTodays library catalog no longer meets the expectation of users accustomed to Internet search engines.-Eric Celeste,Associate University Librarian,University
2、of MinnesotaoOnly 30%of students turn to library websites when searching for scholarly information sources.oOnly 2%of students begin their searches at library sites.-OCLC survey使用图书馆与使用检索引擎的对比(LibQUAL05)CNI Spring 2005 Task force meeting读者对图书馆服务的期望oStart from one place to search alloFull-text,please
3、!oEasy move from a citation to the item itselfoSystems will provide lots of intelligent assistanceoAuthenticated single sign-onoSecurity and privacyoDo not have to come the library to use the service门户是否是解决办法？Web portals are sites on the World Wide Web that typically provide personalized capabilitie
4、s to their visitors.-http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_portal图书馆员的思路与读者的想法有差距Users problemPersonal research interestsvs.World of knowledgeLibrarys solutionClassification and CatalogingforLibrary-own materials10.Library of Congress Classification9.Availability1.Subject:Topic2.Subject:Genre3.Format4.Lib
5、rary5.Subject:Region6.Subject:Era7.Language8.AuthorUsage patternsUsage patterns,cont.北卡州立大学新的检索界面是基于Endeca ProFind 导航软件Technical OverviewoEndeca co-exists with SirsiDynix Unicorn ILS and Web2 online catalog.oEndeca indexes MARC records exported from Unicorn.oIndex is refreshed nightly with records a
6、dded/updated during previous day.Basic ArchitectureEndeca DataFoundryEndeca NavigationEngineEndeca PresentationServerRaw DataSourcesEndecaStudioNavigationEngineIndicesClient BrowserHTTPOffline ProcessOnline SystemData FoundryConfigurationXMLStep 1:Data TransformationTransformData Foundry RecordXMLTr
7、ansform RulesXSLTscriptsSet up Data PipelineMARC RecordsMARC MARCXML RecordXMLEndeca ForgeActivity:Transform data source(s)into RecordXMLStep 2:Data Pipeline EditingEndeca FoundryRH CP6+008 CP23 Physical Form008 CP22 Target Audience008 CP24-27+CP28+CP33 Content Form008 CP35-37 Language650,654,656,65
8、7$a+6#$x Subject-General651$a+6#$z Subject-Geographic6#$d+6#$y Subject Time Period6#$v FormatRecord Header.008.650$a651$a Geographic Subject654$a.656$a657$a 6#$d,$y Time Period6#$v Format6#$x General,modifies$a6#$z Geographic SubjectFilters&ScriptsActivity:Create orthogonal facets from MARC fields;c
9、lean up dataStep 3:Create Dynamic DimensionsEndeca FoundryPublication DateLanguageContent FormTarget AudiencePhysical FormSubject Other NameSubject Person NameSubject GeneralSubject Time PeriodActivity:Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate&configure Dynamic Dimensions.Underlying data automatically driv
10、es dimension category values.Publication Date:from to Language English,Spanish,French,GermanContent Form Not Fiction,Fiction,Novels,SpeechesTarget Audience General,Juvenile,AdolescentPhysical Form Language Material,Projected Material,Cartographic Material,ManuscriptSubject Other Name IBM,American Ex
11、press,Endeca,Barnes&NobleSubject Person NameJack Blount,Ric Rodriguez,Mark Calkins,Steve Nielsen,Rob MadsenStep 4:Hierarchy TransformationTransformData Foundry DimensionXMLTransform RulesscriptsLOC TaxonomyBreak out FacetsClass A General WorksClass B PhilosophyClass C Auxiliary Sciences of HistoryCl
12、ass D History,General and Old WorldClass E History,America:USClass F History,America:AllClass G Geography,AnthropologyClass H Social SciencesClass J Political ScienceClass K LawActivity:Create and run a script to transform input hierarchies into DimensionXML.Atlernatively,for smaller hierarchies,can
13、 use GUI to build in the Developer Studio.Step 5:Create Edited DimensionsEndeca FoundryLOC ClassificationSubject GeographyActivity:Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate&configure Edited Dimensions.Underlying data automatically matches to values from hierarchy;dead ends suppressed&stored for future matc
14、hes.LOC ClassificationClass A General WorksClass B PhilosophyClass C Auxiliary Sciences of HistoryClass D History,General and Old WorldClass E History,America:USClass F History,America:AllClass G Geography,AnthropologyClass H Social SciencesClass J Political ScienceClass K LawClass L Education Subje
15、ct GeographyNorth AmericaSouth AmericaEuropeAsiaAfrica050 H1.xxx.xxxRecordXMLBook RecordsStep 6:Load Indices and Create UIData FoundryNavigation Engine IndicesEndeca APIASPJSP.NetMDEXEngineDGraph(exe/binary)Activity:Use GUI in Dev Studio to designate&configure all dimension options.Underlying data a
16、utomatically matches to values from hierarchy;dead ends are not shown,but stored for future potential matches.Use API and standard Web coding to modify reference implementation to final UI.Easy move from a citation to the item itselfCitation 引文OpenURL resolver 解析器Full text sources 全文源Discovery 如何发现相
17、关的引文赋予读者检索与研究的主导能力oExpanded possibilities for usersoGuide users back to librarys resources持续检索馆外资源持续检索馆外资源：Open WorldCat持续检索馆外资源：Google Scholar持续检索馆外资源：RLG Union CatalogGoogle Style Spelling CheckLook Inside(similar to Amazon)将读者引回图书馆的例子oUsers control what they want to go and seeoScript codes made a
18、vailable for free shareoCurrently only work on FirefoxoPersonalize information servicesGoogle Book Search Link to OPAC Item StatusLibrary item status displayed on Google Link lead to library item statusLink from AmazonLibrary item status displayed on AmazonLink to library recall request page小程序（Scri
19、pt codes）例子/=UserScript=/name Google Books Socrates Link/namespace http:/ Search Stanford Library Catalog(Socrates)from Google Books listings./include http:/books.google.*/=/UserScript=function()var libraryUrlPattern=http:/library.stanford.edu/searchcat?isbn=;var libraryUrlPatternTrailer=;var librar
20、ySearchScreen=http:/socrates.stanford.edu/;固定格式可检索URLoSystem providedoCustomized for easy useExample:URL of an ISBN Search with Search Qualifiers/uhtbin/cgisirsi/x/LIBPOLNAME/0/5?searchdata1=0070167818020&srchfield1=GENERALSUBJECTGENERALwords+or+phrase&searchoper1=AND&thesaurus1=GENERAL&search_entri
21、es1=GENERAL&search_type1=SUBJECT&special_proc1=&library=ALL&pubyear=&language=ANY&format=ANY&item_type=ANY&location=ANY&item_1cat=ANY&item_2cat=ANY&match_on=KEYWORD&shadow=YES&sort_by=NONE&user_id=GUEST&password=xxxxCreate Custom URL for Easy Reference ckey=isbn=issn=author=xauthor=bauthor=title=xti
22、tle=btitle=everything=subject=xsubject=bsubject=periodical=xperiodical=bperiodical=series=xseries=bseries=http:/library.stanford.edu/searchcat?author=proust+marcelThe complete list of parameters is:两种URL的比较oCanned URL http:/library.stanford.edu/searchcat?isbn=0801604451 http:/lmldb.stanford.edu/cgi-
23、bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&Search_Arg=020a+0801604451&Search_Code=CMD*&CNT=10oOpenURLhttp:/caslon.stanford.edu:3210/sfxlcl3?&isbn=0801604451OpenURL OpenURL 连接示意图连接示意图Link SourceOpenURL.ResourceResourceServiceComponentLink ServerProvision of Hooks(OpenURL)Resolution into LinksContext SensitiveLink De
24、stinationLink Link DestinationLink Link DestinationLink Link DestinationLink HookAppropriateServerReferenceOpenURL 例子与结构OpenURL contains three parts:oAddress of OpenURL resolver:http:/caslon.stanford.edu:3210/sfxlcl3oDatabase source:(America History and Life from ABC-CLIO).oMetadata citation使用OpenUR
25、L连接的例子oGoogle Scholar为何与Google合作?oBetter user search experiencesoRich contents contain citation and full text of English and non-English materialsoCan be easily integrated into your library environmentoIt is the users choice,not oursGoogle Scholar Registration FormEnable SFX Google scholar registrat
26、ionAccess to full textStanford library does not have access to the articleCampus Registry(students,faculty,staff)Book vendors(invoices and catalog records)RLIN,OCLC,Library of Congress(Catalog records,vernacular data)Delphi financial system(pay invoices&get reports)SAL3 inventory system(LAS)Unicorn(
27、Socrates)ERM from Innovative(e-resource management)Grokker from Groxis SFX link server(open URLs)TDNet(e-journal presentation)SUL/AIR web space Stanford Digital Repository Authentication&Authorization CourseWork/Sakai Locally digitized and Google digitized content2022/11/2468Karen Kalinsky小结：o不要强迫读者使用单一的方法查找图书馆资料o支持和提供读者选择他们决定检索信息的方法o为读者计算所有下一步检索的可能性，建议最相关的下一步骤（Guided Navigation）o不要将图书馆服务的范围限制在馆藏的基础上，积极为教学和研究开发工具和资源o根据读者使用需要，分析和连接相关信息并提供技术支持服务，做为图书馆长期的任务谢谢各位！