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1、LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six艺术英语-unit-6LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixLearning ObjectivesLearning ProcedurePreviewLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixLearning ObjectivesThis unit is to tell you something about This unit is to tell you something about Creating Digital ComicsCreating Digital Comics.BACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院H
2、omeUnit SixHighlightsILead-inIIIReadingIV ExercisesVIProper TermsII Background ReferenceVSupplementary ReadingLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixI1.1.What is cartoon?What is cartoon?2.2.What are comics?What are comics?3.What is animation Lead-inBACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixWhat is cartoon?In his book Unders
3、tanding Comics(1993),Scott Mecloud defines cartooning as“a form of implication through simplification”.He goes on to explain,“When we abstract an image through cartooning,were not so much eliminating details as we are focusing on specific details.By stripping down an image to its essential meaning,a
4、n artist can amplify that meaning in a way that realistic art cant.”NEXTII Background ReferenceScott Mecloud defines comic as“juxtaposed pictorial and other images in deliberate sequence,intended to convey information and/or to produce an aesthetic response in the viewer.”In Reinventing Comics(2000)
5、,he introduces the term“temporal map”as a fitting metaphor for the process of placing one image What are comics?CHLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixIn his book How To Succeed in Animation(Dont let a Little thing like Failure Stop You!)，Master animator and director Gene Deitch defines frame-by-frame,cinemati
6、c animation:“The recording of individually created phases of imagined action in such a way as to achieve the illusion of motion when shown at a constant,predetermined rate,exceeding that of human persistence of vision.”He points out that“animation,as with music,is an art form that exists in the dime
7、nsion of time.It must have uninterrupted movement through time to exist.”after another to show the passage of time that is central to comics.You may notice that Meclouds definition is not dependent on the content or style of the work,nor is it limited by the technology or the various methods used to
8、 create the work.What is animation?BACKCHLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Text A Creating Digital Comics There are as many creative paths as there are cartoonists,but almost every one begins with the urge to communicate an idea,evoke an emotion,or tell a story.The methods and materials cartoonists use to
9、fulfill those desires are as innumerable as the layers of the of the imagination.IIIReadingCHNEXTWord BankLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Creating digitally affords the cartoonist an“instant-access”medium and a remarkable array of tools.But where do you start and what choices and challenges will you face
10、?If you choose the digital route,then youll need a computer,which can be connected with a fast Web,and a scanner.CHNWord BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Next youll need the proper software to format,enhance,and for animation,enliven your images and words.What you buy will depend on what yo
11、ure trying to do:every artist has unique needs and preferences.CHBACKWord BankPREV.UPNLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Computers give us lots of range for creation.As the first“powerful”Apples arrived in my workplace around 1994,they hooked me.They gave me many things to do and try,nearly unlimited artist
12、ic possibilities.I have always been drawing comics in the“normal”way,but I never had the patience to really finish some longer work.CHBACKWord BankPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Always erasing,correcting,drawing again was quite unnerving.Drawing with the computer ended that problem.We might find
13、a way to create“multifunctional”characters and landscapes in Adobe illustrator.It became not only very easy for us to correct and perfect the drawings but also very simple to copy and change the characters movements.We become faster in the works progress.Word BankCHNNLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixThe We
14、b also adds much to our motivation tocontinue drawing comics.It gives us the possibility toshow our first serious work to audiences around theworld,which gives us some direct feedback in turn.The Web also gives us unlimited artistic freedom andindependence.No one ever told us what to do.Thereare no
15、publishers,no editors,no directors,no clients,giving you corrections of details you would never correct yourself.I just love it.CHNNLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six Digital comics are already the ideal platform for every independent comics artist.The new method of creating comics is changing media.The Web
16、 becomes richer and richer,every hour,every day.CHLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixComprehensionEx.1 Ex.1 Ex.2Ex.2 VocabularyEx.3 Ex.3 Ex.4 Ex.4 IV ExercisesBACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six1.Choose the best answer to complete these sentences.1)Creating digitally affords the cartoonist in drawing and an array
17、 of tools.vA.a fast wayvB.doorvC.moneyvD.a picture.Key:Key:2)If you draw comics with a computer,youll need the proper to do it.A.hardwarevB.softwarevC.teachervD.papersvvKey:Key:NEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 3)While we draw comics in the“normal”way,we will keep on ,correcting and drawing.vA.g
18、iving up vB.loosing vC.erasingvD.drawingKey:v4)The Web also gives us artistic freedom and independence.vA.bigvB.widevC.limitedvD.unlimitedKey:NEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixv5)Digital comics already are the platform for every independent comics artist.vA.soonvB.ideavC.strangevD.idealKey:NEXTPR
19、EV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six1)What kind of computer and software you buy will depend on the money youre trying to pay.().2)Computers give us a lot of excitement for creation.()3)Drawing comics in the“normal”way,we find it easy to have the patience to really finish some longer work.().4)Sometimes
20、publishers,editors will make you correct the details in your works you never would correct yourself.().5)The Web makes our life richer and richer,every hour,every day.()ComprehensionComprehension Decide whether each of the following sentences is true or false according to the passage.If you think a
21、statement is false,make whatever changes necessary to make it true.vFvTvTvFvTUPBACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six3.Match each word or phrase in column A with its synonym in column B.A v1)create v2)hook v3)erase v4)unique v5)feedback v6)route B a.the only one of its typeb.a way planned or followed from o
22、ne place to anotherc.to cause something new to exist;produce d.have a great liking for;be dependent one.to rub out or removef.information passed back to the person UPKey:1)c 2)d 3)e 4)a 5)f 6)b LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six a range of addto depend on be connected with in turn around the world1)They tra
23、veled _.2)We are you to finish the job by Friday.3)He gave me _ gardening tools.4)Increased production will,_,lead to increased profits.5)She _ the crime.6)_ a few more names _ the list.4.Fill in the blanks with the phrases given below.Change the forms where necessary.UPKey:1)around the world 2)depe
24、nding on 3)a range of 4)in turn 5)was connected with 6)Addto LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixVSupplementary ReadingText B A Nine-step Creative Process BACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixText B A Nine-step Creative Process 1.Choosing form,format,and formula Form is a set of rules that divide one category of art
25、 from another.Format is the set of methods and materials the creator uses to present an artwork to an audience.Formula is the type or genre of the work that is presented.2.Creating characters Character is the foundational element of all narrative.It is difficult to imagine a story without a central
26、character.Therefore,it is the primary job of all cartoonists to populate their stories with at least one character.CHWord BankNEXTUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six3.Writing a storyline Writing as it pertains to cartooning is a catch-all term that includes dreaming up the ideas,planning out and sketching
27、the sequence of images,and penning the dialog and narrative captions.4.Sketching backgrounds and composition Many artists now use digital tools such as drawing tablets and vector-based software to draw their work and never put pencil to paper.CHWord BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six5.Drawing
28、 characters First sketch out the pencils in the sketchbook,leaving them very rough.Next trace cleaner,tighter pencils,ready for inking,onto marker paper.Ink the comic in two stages,one on paper and the other by computer.6.Coloring Place the inked images into the final positions on the page.Since Pho
29、toshop allows multiple layers,add each color under the inked layer to create the fully colored effect.CHWord BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six7.Lettering First type out the line of dialog,adjusting the text and the line breaks to fit the space available,and then create the word balloon behin
30、d it,adding the“pointer”afterward.8.Altering digitally This method of“digital composing”is now quite common among online and print cartoonists,saving them considerable time and effort without sacrificing the quality of the drawing.CHWord BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six9.Editing and Posting
31、 Editing can take many forms,through developing a concept and shepherding a project from start to finish,to copyediting and proofreading.Posting is in some ways the most crucial.If the comic is presented poorly on the screen,it will alter the readers initial perception of the work as a whole.CHWord
32、BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixWord Bankvcreate vt.创造vdigital adj.数码的NEXTUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvcomics n.漫画vinstant adj.立即的，即时的vaccess n.通路，入门vmedium n.媒介vremarkable adj.非凡的varray n.排列 vChallenge n.挑战vroute n.路线vscanner n.扫描仪Word BankNEXTPREV.UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvenhance vt.提
33、高,增强vanimation n.动画venliven vt.使有活力,使生动vunique adj.唯一的，独特的vhook vt.上瘾,迷上verase vt.抹去 vunnerve vt.使失去勇气vfeedback n.反馈vplatform n.平台Word BankUPPREV.LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 有多少卡通艺术家，就有多少创作方法，但几乎每个人都是从产生一种想与别人交流创意、唤醒某种感情或讲述一个故事的冲动开始的。卡通艺术家为满足这些愿望而采用的方法和素材就像丰富的想象力一样，不可胜数。Chinese Version 数码动漫创作数码动漫创作UP
34、LOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 数码创作使卡通艺术家们有了一个“瞬间进入”的媒介和一整套神奇的工具。但是你将从什么地方开始，将面临什么样的选择和挑战呢？如果你选择走数码化这条路，那么，你需要一台电脑，当然，最好是一台能够高速上网和浏览并配有扫描仪的电脑。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 电脑给我们带来许多的创作激情。大约在1994年，当第一批“功能强大的”苹果电脑进入我的工作室时，我就对其爱不释手。电脑给了我几乎无限的艺术创作空间，使我能够去做或尝试去做许多创作。我一直用“通常”的方法来画漫画，但我很难有足够的耐心去
35、真正完成一部较长的作品。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 不断地涂擦、修改、重画是非常令人身心疲惫的。电脑绘画就解决了这个问题。也许我们会在 Illustrator（美国 Adobe 公司的插图软件）软件中找到一种多功能的人物和情景的创作方法。它不仅使修改和完善绘画变得非常轻松，而且还可以通过简单复制和改变人物的动作使我们的工作效率更高。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 网络也在我们的漫画绘制中起着不断的推动作用。它可以使我们有可能把我们第一部严肃的作品展示给全世界的读者，以此我们还
36、可以得到直接的信息反馈。网络也可带给我们无限的艺术自由和独立性。无须别人告诉我们该怎样去做。再也没有出版商、编辑、导演和客户来要求你修改那些你本人永远也不愿意修改的细节了。我就是喜欢这一点。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 对每一位独立的漫画艺术家而言，数码漫画已经成为一个理想的平台。这种新的漫画创作方式正在改变媒介。网络每小时、每一天都在变得越来越丰富多彩。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 1“instant-access”medium“瞬间进入的”媒介这是一个由形容词+名词构成的
37、合成形容词修饰名词medium。如：large-scale 大规模的，first-rate一流的access n.1)the means by which you get to a place.通路，入门2)接近A lift provides access to the upper floors.A place easy of access the access to the buildingHe is easy of access.他是易于接近的。/You can easily get access to him.你很容易接近他NotesUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Si
38、x2.Next youll need the proper software to format,enhance,and for animation,enliven your images and words.接下来，你需要一套合适的软件来进行设计加工，对于动漫来说，要能使你设计的形象和语言生动。for animation 在句中为插入语，to format,enhance,and enliven your images and words 为不定式短语作宾语补足语。如：I should prefer you not to change your plan.我倒情愿你们不改变计划。NotesU
39、PLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six3.Always erasing,correcting,drawing again was quite unnerving.不断的抹擦修改重画是非常令人身心疲惫的。Always erasing,correcting,drawing again为现在分词短语在句中作主语。如：Drawing with the computer ended that problem.电脑绘画就解决了这个问题。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six4.Adobe Illustrator Adobe 公司的插图软件美
40、国Adobe 公司是著名的图形图像和排版软件的生产商。NotesUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 5.which gives us some direct feedback in turn.相应地，我们还可以得到直接的信息反馈。本句为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个句子。如：He seems not to have grasped what I meant,which greatly upsets me.他似乎没领会我的意思，这使我心烦。短语in turn意思为“相应的，转而”NotesUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six 6.you would neve
41、r correct yourself.你本人永远也不愿意修改省略that 的定语从句，修饰details。NotesUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six1选择形式模式和程式形式是把一种艺术与其他艺术领域区分开来的一系列规则。模式是一套创作者用来展示其作品的方法和素材。程式是所展示的作品呈现出的类型和风格。2创造卡通形象人物是所有故事的基本元素，一部没有中心人物的故事是很难想象的。因此对于所有的卡通画家而言至少用一个人物来贯穿整个故事是最基本的工作。Chinese Version UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six3撰写故事情节大纲（文案制作）撰写故事情
42、节大纲（文案制作）在卡通制作中，在卡通制作中，“文案文案”是一种统称术语，它包括构是一种统称术语，它包括构思创意、安排和草绘出图像的出场顺序以及写出对思创意、安排和草绘出图像的出场顺序以及写出对话和故事标题。话和故事标题。4草绘背景和构图草绘背景和构图 现在有很多艺术家不再使用铅笔在纸上作画，而是现在有很多艺术家不再使用铅笔在纸上作画，而是使用画板和绘画软件来绘制作品。使用画板和绘画软件来绘制作品。Chinese Version UPBACKLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixWord Bankvformat n.模式模式vformula n.公式公式,规则规则vgenre n
43、.类型类型,流派流派vnarrative n.&adj.叙述叙述(的的)UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixChinese Version5绘制卡通形象绘制卡通形象首先在速写本上画出铅笔草图，然后用铅笔在马克纸上描绘出更首先在速写本上画出铅笔草图，然后用铅笔在马克纸上描绘出更清晰、紧凑的线条，为涂墨作好准备。漫画涂墨分为两个阶清晰、紧凑的线条，为涂墨作好准备。漫画涂墨分为两个阶段，一个是在纸上，另一个是在电脑上。段，一个是在纸上，另一个是在电脑上。6着色着色将涂墨好的图像放在图纸上的最终位置。既然将涂墨好的图像放在图纸上的最终位置。既然Photoshop允许允许分解出多个图
44、层，可在涂墨稿上，每层增加一种颜色，以产分解出多个图层，可在涂墨稿上，每层增加一种颜色，以产生饱满的着色效果。生饱满的着色效果。UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixWord Bank7文字加工文字加工 先打出对白文字，调整文字和行距以便使其适合可利用的空先打出对白文字，调整文字和行距以便使其适合可利用的空间。然后在后面制作对话框并添加间。然后在后面制作对话框并添加“指示箭头指示箭头”。8采用数码手段进行修改采用数码手段进行修改 现在，这种现在，这种“数码构图数码构图”的方法在网络和卡通印刷品中是相当的方法在网络和卡通印刷品中是相当普遍的，因为它节省了大量的时间和精力又不会牺
45、牲画面的普遍的，因为它节省了大量的时间和精力又不会牺牲画面的质量质量。UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit SixChinese Version9编辑和发送 编辑可采用很多形式，从形成一个理念和自始至终监管一个项目，一直到修订和校对。在某种意义上，发送可以说是最关键的。如果漫画在屏幕上呈现得很糟糕，它将改变读者对作品的整体印象。UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvstrategy n.策略vflourish v.繁荣，兴旺vSkating rink 溜冰场 vhorticulture n.园艺vsculpture n.雕塑vadapt vt.使适应Word B
46、ankUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvaccessible adj.易接近的；易受影响的(to)vpedestrian n.步行者，行人 vessential adj.基本的,精华的，本质的 Word BankUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixventice v.诱惑,诱使Word BankUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvmaintenance n.维护，保持 vattentive adj.专心的，留意的 Word BankUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixvdiverse adj.不同的，变化多的
47、 vaverage adj.一般的，通常的 Word BankUPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixv背景资料背景资料1.什么是卡通？什么是卡通？斯高特 迈克劳德在他的理解漫画(1993年)一书中将卡通制作定义为：“一种通过简单化起到暗示效果的艺术形式”。他接着解释道：“当我们通过卡通把一个形象抽象化时，我们没有删除许多细节，而是把焦点放在特定的细节上。当将形象简化到其核心的意义时，一个卡通艺术家就能够使这种意义得到强化，这是一种现实主义艺术无法达到的方式”2什么是漫画？什么是漫画？斯高特迈克劳德将漫画定义为：“为了向读者传递信息以及/或者唤起审美反映，以精心排列的顺序，排放
48、在一起的图画和其他图像”。在他的重新创造漫画(2000年)一书中，他介绍了一个术语“时间地图”，以此贴切地比喻了各种图像依次排列的过程正是体现了时间延续的过程，了时间延续的过程，这也正是漫画的关键之处。这也正是漫画的关键之处。UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Sixv背景资料背景资料 你可能注意到了，迈克劳德的定义并不是建立在作品的内容和风格上，也没有局限在创作中所使用的技术或方法上 3.什么是动画？什么是动画？动画大师和导演基恩戴次在他的如何成功制作动画（又名别让像失败这样的小事阻止你一书中把frame-by-frame电影动画定义为：“是对想象中的动作进行逐一分解创作的几个阶段的记录。当它以一种预定的匀速放映时，就可获得一种运动的错觉，它超过了人类视觉的持续速率。”他指出：“动画就像音乐，是一种存在于时间维度中的艺术形式。它必须在一段时间里有连续不断的动作才得以存在”。UPLOGO上海工艺美术职业学院HomeUnit Six此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢