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1、课时讲练通高中英通高中英语Module4SandstormsinAsiaPerioModule4SandstormsinAsiaPeriod3Grammar(d3Grammar(语法法专题课情境互情境互动课型型)课件外研必修件外研必修3 3Find out the sentences from the text that contain the infinitive：1.Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem.2.The wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.3.
2、To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.Leading-in4.There was nothing to be done.5.Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of“desertification”.6.To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.7.To prevent it coming nearer,the government is planting
3、trees.动动词词不不定定式式To do that sort of thing is foolish.He refused to help us last night.All you have to do is to finish it quickly.We found a house to live in.She came here to study English.I warned the patient not to drink cold water after the operation.主语主语宾语宾语表语表语定语定语状语状语宾语补宾语补足语足语一、不定式的句法功能一、不定式的句法
4、功能1.作主语作主语:往往放在谓语动词之后往往放在谓语动词之后,用用it作形式主语。作形式主语。To see is to believe.It is right to give up smoking.如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。如今掌握一门外语真的很重要。_is really important nowadays.放弃吸烟是对的。放弃吸烟是对的。_is right.Grammar不定式的用法不定式的用法To master a foreign languageTo give up smoking2.作宾语作宾语:作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语作宾语时如果还带有宾语补足语,往往把不往往把不定式放在宾
5、语补足语之后定式放在宾语补足语之后,而用而用it 作形式宾语。作形式宾语。He wanted to go.I find it interesting to study English.Fred 没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。没有钱，所以他决定找一份工作。Fred didnt have any money,so he decided _.他答应不告诉任何人这事。他答应不告诉任何人这事。He promised not _.to look for a jobto tell anyone about it 3.作作宾宾语语补补足足语语：在在feel,hear,listen to,look at,not
6、ice,observe,see,watch,have,let,make等等词词后后作宾语补足语时作宾语补足语时,不定式不带不定式不带 to。He let me do the work with him.他让我和他一起做工作。他让我和他一起做工作。她叫我待在这儿。她叫我待在这儿。She asked me_.请允许我介绍怀特先生给你们。请允许我介绍怀特先生给你们。Please allow me_.to stay hereto introduce Mr.White to you有些动词后面的不定式不带有些动词后面的不定式不带to，如，如feel（一感）（一感）hear,listen to（二听）（二
7、听）make,have,let（三让）（三让）see,watch,notice,observe（四看）（四看）help(半帮助半帮助)。I heard them sing a pop song.The teacher made me answer the question.We watched them play football.【知识拓展知识拓展】不定式作宾语补足语省略不定式作宾语补足语省略to 的情况有下列口诀：的情况有下列口诀：一感二听三让四看半帮助一感二听三让四看半帮助。但是这些句子如果变但是这些句子如果变成被动结构时成被动结构时,就必须带上就必须带上to。I often hear
8、him sing the song.He is often heard to sing the song.4.作定语：当作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者作定语：当作定语的不定式是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作发生的地不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作发生的地点、工具等时点、工具等时,不定式后面必须有相应的介词。不定式后面必须有相应的介词。We found the river dangerous to swim in.He is looking for a room to live in.当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定
9、式动作的承受者时作的承受者时,不定式既可以用主动语态不定式既可以用主动语态,也可以用也可以用被动语态。但含义有所不同。被动语态。但含义有所不同。试比较：试比较：Im going to the market.I have something to buy.我要去集市买一些东西。我要去集市买一些东西。Im going to the market.Have you anything to be bought？我要去集市。你有什么东西要（我帮忙）买吗？我要去集市。你有什么东西要（我帮忙）买吗？5.作状语：作状语：表示目的、表示目的、原因、结果。原因、结果。I came here(in order)to
10、 see you.We were very excited to find nobody there.He hurried to the station only to find the train had already left.目的目的原因原因 结果结果常用于形容词后常用于形容词后和和only结合，表示出乎意结合，表示出乎意料的结果料的结果完成句子完成句子1.She seemed surprised _(meet)us.2.Yesterday I went to see him only _（find)he had been away on business.3._(catch)the
11、first bus in the morning,he must get up very early every day.to meetTo catch【即学即练即学即练】to find 6.作表语：作表语：My job is to help the patient.我的工作是帮助病人。我的工作是帮助病人。My dream is to become an outstanding scientist.我的梦想是成为一名杰出的科学家。我的梦想是成为一名杰出的科学家。【名师点津名师点津】不定式作表语侧重于目的，强调动作将要发生。不定不定式作表语侧重于目的，强调动作将要发生。不定式作表语时，系动词翻译
12、为式作表语时，系动词翻译为“是是”，不然就成了固定，不然就成了固定短语短语“be to do”。【知识拓展知识拓展】A.动词不定式的否定式只须在动词不定式的否定式只须在to前加前加 not。My father decided not to take up the job.The teacher told us not to be late again.B.带疑问词的动词不定式在带疑问词的动词不定式在to前加疑问词。前加疑问词。Mr.Lin will teach us how to use the computer.Can you tell me where to get the book?C.
13、作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定作简短回答或避免不必要的重复时，动词不定式常常省去式常常省去to 后面的动词，只保留后面的动词，只保留to。A:Would you like to come to my party?Mary wanted to use my bike,but I asked her not to(use my bike).B:Yes,Id love to(go to your party).Mary想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。想用我的自行车，但我叫她别用。【高考链接】高考链接】1.(2016北京高考北京高考)_(make)it easier to get in tou
14、ch with us,youd better keep this card at hand.2.(2014陕西高考陕西高考)_(work)out the difficult maths problem,I have consulted Professor Russell several times.不定式作目的状语不定式作目的状语To make To work 3.(2014山东高考山东高考)Its standard practice for a company like this one _(employ)a security officer.动词不定式作真正的主语动词不定式作真正的主语to
15、 employ 二、不定式的时态和语态二、不定式的时态和语态 1.不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语的不定式的一般形式所表示的动作通常与谓语的动作动作(状态状态)同时同时(或几乎同时或几乎同时)发生发生,或是在它之后或是在它之后发生。发生。I saw him go out.(同时）同时）I plan to attend the meeting.(之后）之后）2.如果谓语表示的动作发生时如果谓语表示的动作发生时,不定式表示的动作不定式表示的动作正在进行正在进行,这时要用进行时。这时要用进行时。I am very glad to be working with you.They seem to
16、 be talking about something important.(不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生）不定式的动作与谓语动词的动作同时发生）3.如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前如果不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前,就要用就要用完成时。完成时。Im sorry to have kept you waiting so long.He seems to have seen the film.(不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前）不定式的动作发生在谓语动作之前）4.当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作当不定式的逻辑主语是这个不定式所表示的动作的承受者时的承受者时,不定式一般要用被动形式
17、。不定式一般要用被动形式。He asked to be sent to work in the countryside.This book was said to have been translated into many languages.1.All the rooms in the house require _（clean).2.The news reporters hurried to the airport,only _(tell)the film star had left.【即学即练即学即练】to be cleaned to be told 三、三、but+不定式的用法不定式
18、的用法1.不定式在介词不定式在介词 but,except后面时后面时,如果这些介词如果这些介词之前有行为动词之前有行为动词do(非助动词非助动词)的各种形式时的各种形式时,那么那么这些介词后面的不定式不带这些介词后面的不定式不带to,否则带否则带to。She could do nothing but cry.I have no choice but to wait.2.当句子的谓语动词是当句子的谓语动词是cant,cant help,cant choose 等结构时等结构时,but,except后的不定式符号后的不定式符号to也也省略。省略。cant help doing=cant help
19、but do sth.情不自禁做某事，不得不做某事情不自禁做某事，不得不做某事 We cant help but admire his bravery.我们情不自禁地赞扬他的勇敢。我们情不自禁地赞扬他的勇敢。We cant choose but wait.我们只能等待。我们只能等待。【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子1.Mike could do nothing but _（admit)to his teacher that he was wrong.2.The students did nothing except _(play)all day long.admitplayLanguage
20、 points1.concerned adj.关心的；担心的；有关的关心的；担心的；有关的 We were all concerned for/about his safety.我们大家都担心他的安全。我们大家都担心他的安全。Everyone concerned in it was questioned by the police.与这件事有关的每个人都受到警方的盘问。与这件事有关的每个人都受到警方的盘问。【知识归纳知识归纳】be concerned about/for 关心，挂念关心，挂念be concerned with 与与有关；涉及有关；涉及as/so far asbe concern
21、ed 就就而言而言be concerned in 牵涉到；与牵涉到；与有关有关【知识拓展知识拓展】concern n.担心担心 vt.使关心；使担忧使关心；使担忧;牵涉牵涉concerning prep.关于关于1.The speech which he made_bothered me greatly.他所做的与这个项目有关的演讲使我大为烦恼。他所做的与这个项目有关的演讲使我大为烦恼。2._,Im not against your plan.就我而言，我并不反对你的计划。就我而言，我并不反对你的计划。【即学即练即学即练】concerning the project As far as I a
22、m plain v.抱怨；发牢骚；投诉抱怨；发牢骚；投诉He does nothing but complain.他除了抱怨之外什么也不做。他除了抱怨之外什么也不做。【知识拓展知识拓展】complain about/of 抱怨抱怨complain that 抱怨抱怨complain to sb.向某人投诉向某人投诉/抱怨抱怨complaint n.诉苦；抱怨；牢骚诉苦；抱怨；牢骚make a complaint 提出投诉提出投诉She often complains about not feeling appreciated at work.她因为感到自己在工作中不受赏识而经常发牢骚。她因为感
23、到自己在工作中不受赏识而经常发牢骚。I.改错。改错。1.Sleep late in the afternoon,Bob turned off the alarm._2.Her wish is becoming a doctor._Class exercisesSleep 改为改为To sleepbecoming 改为改为to become3.With a lot of problems to be settled,the newly-elected president is having a hard time._ be settled 改为改为settle【解题关键解题关键】本题考查本题考查
24、with的复合结构，不定式作的复合结构，不定式作宾语补足语，优先考虑其和主句中逻辑主语的关系，宾语补足语，优先考虑其和主句中逻辑主语的关系，显然显然the newly-elected president和和settle是主动关系，是主动关系，故需用不定式的主动结构。故需用不定式的主动结构。1.Tom took a taxi to the airport,only _(find)his plane high up in the sky.2.If he takes on this work,he will have no choice but _(meet)an even greater challenge.II.单句语法填空。单句语法填空。to find to meet Homework复习动词不定式的用法复习动词不定式的用法Great hopes make great man.远大的希望，造就伟大的人物。此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢