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1、2020.2021学年湖北省鄂东南教改联盟高一(下)期中英语试卷一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题,共37.5分)ALos Angeles is always a popular holiday destination.To fully enjoy your travel there,you should know its food,weather,and also traffic.While driving in L.A.is similar to that in other areas,there are a few specific rules to note.HOV lanes (车道)O
2、n many L. A.freeways,one or more lanes at the far left are used as high-occupancy vehicle (HOV) lanes.They usually have limited access and you can only enter or exit where there is a break in the double yellow line.Most HOV lanes require a minimum of two people in the car; some require three.Vehicle
3、s towing trailers (拖车)are NOT allowed in the HOV lane,regardless of how many people are in them.Toll (收费)lanesOn certain freeways,the HOV lanes are double-purposed as toll lanes for people driving alone who have a FasTrak,an electronic toll collection system.Therefore,you also have to have one in th
4、at lane as a HOV, which is inconvenient if youYejust visiting.FasTrak is in effect on parts of the 110 freeway between the 405 and 10 freeways,and on parts of the 10 freeway east of Downtown L.A.Cell phonesIt is against the law to talk on a cell phone while driving without using a hands-free device.
5、Holding a cell phone to your ear while driving will land you with a ticket.AlcoholDriving under the influence is taken seriously in L.A.The legal blood alcohol limit is 0.08%, but you can be charged with lower levels if they show you cant function normally.Placing an opened bottle of alcohol in the
6、passenger area while driving (or sitting) is illegaLAny opened container of alcohol has to be transported in the trunk.1. What do you know about HOV lanes? A. They are intended for larger vehicles.B. They are on the far right of freewaysC. They encourage people to share cars.D. They allow cars to en
7、ter over the double yellow line.2. Which is surely against the road rules inA.B. ? A.Driving on the 110 freeway with a FasTrak.C. Riding with an opened bottle of alcohol in back seats.解析(1) A.推理判断题。根据第二段 In pictures,! used to hide my birthmarks by pursing (啾起) my lips so I wouldnt have to deal with
8、peoples questions.As I was growingup,people wore me out with them.(在照片中,我常常撅起嘴唇来掩饰我的胎记,这样我 就不必面对别人的问题了,因为在我成长的过程中,人们会把我和他们搞得筋疲力尽。) 可知,作者照相时掩饰嘴上的胎记就是为防止人们的问题,人们反复问这个问题,导致 作者感到厌倦,心情不好,应选A。(2) B.细节理解题。根据第一段 For me,its different -1 have them on my lips and inside my mouth.(对我来说,这是不同的-我嘴唇上和嘴里都有。)可知,作者的胎记
9、在嘴唇上和 嘴巴里;第二段My monYs mom has birthmarks on her lips.妈妈的妈妈嘴唇上有胎记。可 知,作者的外祖母也有胎记在嘴唇上,应选B。(3) B.推理判断题。根据第四段 My cousin faces a similar challenge.She has a huge birthmark that lakes up her whole arm.Shes never tried to hide it or change her appearance.(我 表姐也面临同样的挑战。她有一个巨大的胎记,使她整个手臂都成了湖泊。她从来没有 试图掩饰或改变自己的
10、外表。)第五段Inspired by my cousin.(灵感来自我堂兄。)可 知,作者的表姐比作者自信,应选B。(4 )C,词义猜想题。根据第四段 suggested that she should wear long sleeves more often*she wouldn*t be such a person as she is.(建议她多穿长袖她不会是这样的人。)可知,表姐的奶奶想让她用长袖衣衫遮挡住胎记,因为她觉得胎记太明显了,A.Brilliant巧妙 的,使人印象深的;B.Harmful有害的;C.Obvious明显的;D.Moving感人的。应选C。 本文是一篇故事类阅读,
11、主要讲述了作者嘴唇和嘴里都有胎记,在作者成长的过程中, 人们老是问她嘴唇上的那些黑色斑点是什么,会把作者搞得筋疲力尽。在表哥的启发下, 作者终于接受了自己的身份,现在当有人问起的时候,她也毫不犹豫地说:“他们是美 的印记二阅读理解解题步骤:首先对原文材料迅速浏览,掌握全文的主旨大意,因为阅读理解题 一般没有标题,所以,速读全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速读的过程中,应尽可能 多地捕获信息材料;其次细读题材,各个击破,掌握全文的大意之后,细细阅读每篇材 料后的问题,弄清每题要求后,带着问题,再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息,要善 于抓住每段的主题句,阅读时,要有较强的针对性,对于捕获到的信息,要
12、做认真分析, 仔细推敲,理解透彻,只有这样,针对题目要求,才能做到稳、准。811 .【答案】B、A、B、C【解析】(1) B.细节理解题。根据第一段的 Pve been serving in for two years to provide free educational tours at my leisure.(我已经服务了两年,在闲暇时提供免费的教育之旅。) 可知,作者在空闲时间做志愿者,提供免费的教育之旅。应选B。(2) A.细节理解题。根据第二段的 She quickly told me to scan the QR code (二维码)on her phone,which in s
13、econds would get my money into her bank account via WeChat.Needless第10页,共18页 to say,I was blown away.(她很快告诉我扫描她手机上的QR代码(二维码),几秒钟后, 我的钱就会通过微信进入她的银行账户。当然,我印象深刻。)可知,旅途中,令作者 吃惊的是,付款的方式是微信二维码付款。应选A。(3) B.观点态度题。根据最后一段的 While I once didnt believe a cashless society was possible and thought it could cause m
14、ore unfavorable conditions,! now stand corrected.(尽管 我不相信“无现金”的生活的可能性,认为可能会导致更多不利的状况,但是现在我纠正(错误)。)因此推断作者现在支持“无现金”的社会。A.Critical批评的;B.Positive积 极的;C.Concerned关心的;D.Curious好奇的。应选B。(4) C.标题归纳题。根据全文内容,特别是第一段的the advancement and equalizing of Chinas known wealth disparity (差异)through the social network a
15、nd cashless payment giant(巨头),WeChat,which I rarely used before.(通过社交网络和无现金支付巨头微信(我 以前很少使用它),中国众所周知的贫富差距得到了改善和平衡。)可知,作者通过讲 述自己的经历,阐述了无线网络和无现金支付一一微信改善和平衡了贫富差距。因此推 断C项”科技有助于缩小贫富差距”为最正确标题。应选Co本文是一篇说明文。作者通过自己的一段经历,阐述了科技对中国生活的影响,无论贫 富,都可以使用“无现金支付”,科技缩小了贫富差距。做题时要通读全文,把握大意,然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。1215.【答案】C、A、D、B
16、解析(1) C.细节理解题。根据第一段 Now,a study newly conducted shows the visitors may be leaving behind harmful bacteria which could destroy that areas bird population.(现在, 一项新的研究指出,游客可能会留下有害细菌,会毁灭该地区本土鸟类。)可知,”游 客将南极鸟类暴露于人类细菌中”可能是新研究多支持的内容,应选Co(2) A.推理判断题。根据第二段 Researchers,however,believed that Antarctic animals,w
17、hich had no recorded reverse (反向的)cases of zoonoses,were not affected by the danger due to the extreme environment.(然而,研究人员认为,南极的动物,没有过人畜共患病的反向病 例的记录,由于极端环境不会受到这种危险的影响。)可知,南极极端寒冷使得动物不 受人类疾病的影响。应选A。(3) D.推理判断题。根据最后一段 While the best solution would be to prevent tourism,Cerda-Cuellar,who believes it is
18、 because of efforts from tourist and scientific groups that Antarctica remains largely protected.(尽管最好的解决方法是阻止旅游业, Cerda-Cuellar认为正是由于旅游和科学团体的努力,南极洲在很大程度上受到保护。) 可推断,Cerda-Cuellar建议限制去南极的游客数量。应选D。(4) B.题。根据第一段Antarctica remained largely untouched by humans for thousands of years,allowing an ecosyst e
19、m to develop independently.However,since the 1990s,the last wild land on the planet is beco ming an increasingly popular destination for adventure-seeking tourists.(几千年来, 南极洲 基本上没有受到人类的影响,生态系统得以独立开展。然而,自20世纪90年代以来, 地球上最后一片荒原正成为寻求冒险的游客越来越喜欢的目的地。)可知,文章主要讲 述南极洲的动物受到人类踏上南极带来的病菌的影响,人类的到来影响到南极动物的生 存,科学家对此
20、进行了研究,提出尽管限制人类旅游和科学研究不可能,但是可以减少 游客的数量。因此推断文章属于科学研究的范畴,A.Health健康;B.Science科学; C.Tourism 旅游;D.Geography 地理。应选 B。本文是一篇健康环保类阅读,主要讲述了由于南极洲的寒冷人类几千年来没有踏足。然 而,自上世纪90年代以来,地球上最后一片真正的荒野正日益成为探险游客的热门目 的地。一项新的研究发现游客们可能留下有害细菌,影响鸟类的生存。科学家对此做了 研究,建议限制人类旅游的数量。做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍,做题时结合原文和题H有针对性的找 出相关语句进行仔细分析,结合选项填写
21、出正确答案。1620.【答案】C、G、F、E、B【解析】(1) C.推理判断题。根据上文However,the truth is that the deadliest animal in the world is much smaller and more annoyin g.(然而,事实是,世界上最致命的动物要小得多,也更令人讨厌。)再根据下文 it feeds on human blood transporting numerous diseases from one person to the next.(它以人 类血液为食,将多种疾病从一个人传染给另一个人。)可知,选项HC.There
22、 are more than 100 varieties of this thing on earth.地球上有 100 多种这种东西。” 符合语境。应选C。(2) G.推理判断题。根据前文 These diseases include malaria (疟疾),dengue fever,yellow fever,and encephalitis.(这些疾病包括疟疾、登革热、黄热病和脑炎。) 可知,选项G.Malaria is the most horrible,killing at least 600, 000 people a year.疟疾是最 可怕的,每年造成至少60万人死亡。”符合语
23、境。应选G。(3) F.标题归纳题。根据下文Mosquitoes have learned to lay eggs in as little as a few small drops of water and each female mosquito can lay between 50 and 500 eggs once.(蚊子已经学会在几滴小水滴中产卵,每 只雌蚊一次可以产卵50到500枚。)可知,选项nF.Another reason the insects are so deadly is that they produce quickly,这种昆如此致命的 另一个原因是它们繁殖迅速。
24、”符合语境。应选F。(4) E.细节理解题。根据上文Their populations also reach the highest point at different times in different areas all over the world,making it nearly impossible to avoid being bitten.(在世界各地的不同地区,它们的 数量在不同时期到达最高点,这使得它们几乎不可能防止被叮咬。)可知,选项第12页,共18页E.And every bite increases the risk of getting a serious dis
25、ease.每咬一 口 都会增加患严重疾 病的风险。”符合语境。选E。(5) B.推理判断题。根据上文We should protect ourselves by avoiding places where there is too much water, said Bernard Cohen,MD, a professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine.(我们应该避 兔去那些水太多的地方来保护自己,约翰霍普金斯大学医学院的医学博士伯纳德科恩教 授说。)再根据下文 Wear bug repellent (驱虫剂)that c
26、ontains DEET (up to 30 percent) when heading outdoors,and reapply it about every four hours.(出门时使用含有避蚊胺(高 达30%)的驱虫剂,大约每四个小时重复使用一次。)可知,选项B.He also stresses that a little protection will go a long way.他还强调,一点小小的保护将 大有帮助。”符合语境。应选B。本文介绍了世界上最致命的小动物一蚊子。它以人类血液为食,将多种疾病从一个人传 染给另一个人。“七选五”选择题,主要目的在于考查考生对文章的整体内
27、容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义 的理解和掌握。解题时最主要的两个步骤就是L理清文章的逻辑和结构,2.在所给 的原文中找出关键词或者说是线索词。文章的整体思路能帮助你在答案中筛选出符合逻 辑的选项,关键词那么能帮助你确定更多的细节,排除相近的选。得出正确的答案。2135.【答案】B、D、A、C、B、A、B、D、C、C、B、D、C、A、C【解析】(1) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.fought争斗;B.witnessed见证,目睹;C.ignored 忽视;D.described描述。句意:高速公路、新城镇、工厂-英国目睹了自然风光受到了 很大的破坏。根据下文的much damage to its n
28、atural scenery可推断,英国目睹自然风景 遭到破坏。应选B。(2) D.考查动词及语境理解。A pared比拟;B.connected联系;C.left离开,留下; D.lost迷失。句意:每年更多乡村的土地迷失在高楼大厦里。根据上文提到的much damage to its natural scenery可推断,更多的农村里的土地被高楼大厦占领,be lost to“迷失。故 选D.(3)A.考查名词及语境理解。A.spread 范围;B.progress 开展;C.pollution 污染;D.invention 创造。句意:尽管野生动物的栖息地没有逃脱开发者的推土机的范围。根
29、据上 文 every year more land of the countryside is(2) to tall buildings. 可知,农村的土地被高楼大厦占据,因此可知,野生动物的栖息地也没有逃脱推土机的开发范围。 应选Ao(4) C.考查动词及语境理解。A.avoided防止;B.resisted抵抗;C.suffered遭受;让; D.had使。句意:没有什么比这些草甸遭受更多的影响。根据第一段But that is a thing of the past. 可知,草甸遭受着更大的影响。应选C。(5) B.考查动词及语境理解。A.survived幸存;B.disappeared
30、消失;C.recovered恢复; D.improved提高。句意:在过去的70年里英国消失了大约百分之九十三的草甸。上文 But that is a thing of the past. 提到,草甸遭受到巨大破坏,因此消失了大量的草 甸。应选B。(6) A.考查名词及语境理解。A.image景象;B.style方式,样式;C.title标题;D.idea 主意。句意:祖祖辈辈以来,盛开的草甸深受英国乡村诗人喜爱的景象,象征着夏天, 就像白雪象征着冬天。根据下文as (7) to the summer as white snow to the winter可知, 盛开的草甸是深受诗人喜爱的景象
31、。应选A。(7) B.考查形容词及语境理解。A .conventional传统的;B. symbolic象征的;C.special 专门的;D.evident明显的。句意:祖祖辈辈以来,盛开的草甸深受英国乡村诗人喜爱的 景象,象征着夏天,就像白雪象征着冬天。根据下文as white snow to the winter可知, 草甸象征着夏天。应选B。(8) D.考查形容词及语境理解。A.impossible不可能的;B.precious珍贵的;C.popular 受欢迎的;D.likely很可能的。句意:祖祖辈辈以来,盛开的草甸深受英国乡村诗人喜 爱的景象,象征着夏天,就像白雪象征着冬天。根据
32、下文on greeting cards than on country roads in July.和上文描述的草甸的消失可推断,此处表示充满五颜六色野花的农田场景 更有可能出现在贺卡上,而不是在七月的乡村道路上。应选D。(9) C.考查动词短语及语境理解。A.putinto投入;B.setdown放下;C.eateninto对产生不良影响,消耗;D.laiddown制定,规定。句意:虽然城市的扩张对英国的绿地造 成了不良的影响,但造成损失的主要原因是战后农业实践频繁的趋势。根据下文的the primary cause for the loss可知,城市扩张对英国绿地造成了不良影响。应选C。(
33、10) C.考查形容词及语境理解。A mercial商业的,贸易的;B .industrial工业的; C.agricultural农业的;D.environmental环境的。句意:虽然城市的扩张对英国的绿地造 成了不良的影响,但造成损失的主要原因是战后农业实践频繁的趋势。根据下文 traditionally managed grassland was (11) to serve as farmland 可推断,此处说的是战后农 业实践频繁的趋势。应选C。(11) B.考查动词及语境理解。A .considered认为,考虑;B .transformed转变,转换; C.aUowed允许;D
34、.designed设计。句意:战时,当传统管理的草地转变为农田时,这些 富含野花的栖息地开始减少。草甸转换为农田,这些野花的栖息地开始减少。应选B。(12) D.考查动词及语境理解。A.finished完成;B.simplified简化;C.modernized使现 代化;D.deepened加深。句意:播种高产作物,如土豆,加深了战后的实践。根据上文 the post-war trend of frequent (10) practice可知,高产作物的播种加深战后农业实践。 应选D。(13) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.convenience方便;B上alance平衡;C.signific
35、ance重 要性;Difference不同。句意:就生物多样性而言,栖息地的重要性无论如何强调都 不为过。 根据常识和下文 a common old meadow can support around 150 different plant species.可知,就生物多样性而言,栖息地是非常重要的。应选C。(14) A.考查形容词及语境理解。A.rare罕见的;B.typical典型的;C.regular有规律的;第14页,共18页D.fresh新鲜的。句意:它们中的许多是罕见的,因为它们仅在仲夏开花几天。根据下文 since they flower for just a few days
36、in midsummer 可知,因为花期较短,因此是罕见的。 应选Ao(15) C.考查名词及语境理解。A.concern关心,关注;B.necessity必需品;C.shelter庇 护所,避难所;D.source资源。句意:一片未修剪的草地也是英国许多受威胁的鸟类远 离敌人的避难所。根据下文 for many of Britain!s threatened birds to keep away from enemies. 可知,未修剪的草地是受到威胁的鸟是远离敌人的避难所。应选C。本文是一篇社会文化类阅读,主要讲述了英国草地大片的消失,分析了草地逐年消失的 原因,以及草地存在的重要性。解答
37、该类完形填空时,应总体把握文章内容,再根据上下文以及句意,选择出正确答案。36【答案】小题1 struck【小题2 against【小题3 why【小题4】addition小题5 dotted【小题 6 healthily【小题7】to breathe【小题8 the【小题9】depending【小题 10 scientific【解析】(1) struck,考查动词时态。句意:当Peter Sanger和Liang Wu在一起的时候, 他们意识到他们一定是失散已久的朋友。根据时间状语When Peter Sanger and Liang Wu got together可知,本句陈述过去发生的事
38、情,应用一般过去时,strike的过去式是struck, 故填 struck o(2) against.考查介词。句意:两家公司都坚决主张反对空气污染。fight against为固定 搭配,表示“与作斗争;反对”,符合句意,故填against。(3) why.考查表语从句。句意:这就是为什么他们创立了 Green City Solutionso设空处 在be动词之后,应用连接词引导表语从句,根据后面”The solution to quantifiably improve city air”可知,此处表示“这是创立Green City Solutions的原因”,应用thats why句式。
39、 故填whyo(4) addition.考查可数名词单数。句意:这项名为“城市树”的创造起到了空气净化器的 作用,为城市的树木和绿地增添了有趣的成分。根据空前an interesting可知,此处应用 可数名词单数,add的名词形式是addition,表示“增加物;添加物”。故填addition。(5) dotted.考查过去分词。句意:根植于科学,空气污染可以被遍布在欧洲各个城市 的垂直平面的树所吞噬。分析句子可知,dot在句中应用非谓语动词形式,作定语修饰 前面名词trees,trees与dot之间为被动关系,应用过去分词形式,故填dotted。(6) healthily.考查副词。句意:
40、Sanger和Wu的愿景是打造一个城市里的人能够健康生 活的世界。分析句子可知,空处修饰动词live,应用副词healthily,作状语,故填healthilyo(7) to breathe.考查动词不定式。句意:他们渴望创造生活条件,让全世界所有的人永 远有更清洁的空气呼吸。此处应用动词不定式作定语修饰前面名词cleaner air,have sth to do意为“有某事要做”,一般用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动含义,故填t。breathe。(8) the.考查冠词。句意:利用远程技术,“城市树”将苔薛的空气净化特性与远程技术 结合起来,以增加通过“树”的空气流量。分析句子可知,此处air
41、-purifying feature of moss 为特指,前面需加定冠词the,故填the。(9depending.考查现在分词。句意:这使得它们可以比平时“吸收”和清洁更多的空气, 而且它们过滤的量可以根据一天中不同时间的污染程度而增加。分析句子结构可知, depend应用非谓语动词作状语,主语the amount和depend之间为主动关系,应用现在 分词形式,故填depending。(10) scientific.考查形容词。句意:这家德国绿色科技初创企业目前得到了欧盟委员会 的资助,计划明年在柏林的污染热点地区以科学的方式进行测试,建立一个由5个全新 单元组成的“城市树”网络。空处
42、修饰名词way,应用形容词scientific”科学的”,作定语, 故填 scientific o本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了 Peter Sanger和Liang Wu 一起创立了 Green City Solutions, 来对抗空气污染。语法填空考查学生英语综合知识的运用,做题时要首先明确短文大意,从词语搭配,固 定句型,语法,时态等方面综合考虑,结合上下文语境找出正确答案。37 .【答案】Dear Miss Evans,How is everything going? Pm writing in sincerity to ask you a favor.(写信 目的)We*d like
43、 to adapt the classic novel The Steamboat for a short English play. The play is set on a big storm after midnight, we saved a scared boy.(剧情简介)So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes ? 【高分句型If it is convenient, may I pay you a
44、visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more d etails?【高分句型二】(指导内容)Given your busy schedule, Id be very appreciative if you offer to give some professional advi ce. Look forward to your early reply. Best regards!(商定时间地点)Yours sincerely,Li Hua第16页,共18页【解析】【思路点拨】略【亮点词汇】略【高分句型】高分句型一:So would you
45、please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and mak e necessary changes?译文:因此,请您抽出一些时间来审阅这封邮件所附的草稿脚本,并进行必要的修改 分析:这句话使用过去分词作定语修饰the draft script.高分句型二:If it is convenient, may I pay you a visit at your office next Tuesday to give you more details ? 译文:如果方便的话,下星期二我可以去你的办公室
46、给你更多的细节吗 分析:if引导条件状语从句。这是一篇提纲类作文,需要写的内容已经给出,但是写作时不要仅仅对要点进行生硬的 翻译,而是要添加些内容,使文章看起来更充实,要组成一篇通顺连贯的短文,一定要 谈谈自己的看法。需要注意紧扣文章主题,给出的要点都需要包括,缺一不可。写作时 注意准确运用时态,上下文意思连贯,符合逻辑关系,不能出现文章脱节问题。尽量使 用自己熟悉的单词句式,同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。 同时注意要求的字数,不要太多也不要太少。【结构布局】略【拓展词汇】略【拓展句型】略38 .【答案】Paragraph 1:Suddenly,a boy fell o
47、ff the back of the bus.He hit the road face down and rolled over.He lay still in the middle of the road as the bus sped away.None of the cars behind stopped.Thinking that he could die in a matter of minutes,! stopped my car and carefully examined the boy.With the help of some passers-by,! lifted the
48、 unconscious boy into the car and raced back to the hospital.After his family was contacted,and he was wheeled into emergency surgery,! drove home,exhausted but happy.【高分句型一】(作者如何救助受伤的男孩)Paragraph 2:The next day,when I went to the hospital to see the boy,all his family got up,with grateful smiles on
49、 their faces. What a feeling it was to help save the life of another person! spent the rest of the day in a state of the most fabulous mood I had ever experienced.【高分句型二 1 Driving home that evening,! decided on my career path.Two months of placements could not do what 30 minutes helping an accident victim had don