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1、Noun Clauses英语组：英语组：任秀敏任秀敏21.Dont put off till tomorrow what should be done today.2.Dont claim to know what you dont know.今日事，今日毕不要不懂装懂名词性从句名词性从句一、相关概念及种类一、相关概念及种类二、常见引导词（二、常见引导词（重点重点）三、七大常考考点（三、七大常考考点（重点重点/难点难点）1 1.thatwhatwhich.thatwhatwhich 2 2.it.it形式主语、宾语的用法形式主语、宾语的用法3 3.语序问题语序问题 4 4.同位语从句和定从的区
2、别同位语从句和定从的区别5 5.whatwhatever.whatwhatever6 6.ifwhether.ifwhether 7 7.名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题名词性从句中的虚拟语气问题Learning targets一一.相关概念相关概念1.名词名词：表示人或事物的名称的词：表示人或事物的名称的词2.名词的句法作用名词的句法作用：名词在句中主要作：名词在句中主要作主语主语,宾语宾语,表语和同位语等。表语和同位语等。3.名词性从句名词性从句：在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词充当的充当的主主 语语、宾语宾语、表语表语和和同位语同位语，由，由一个句子来充当一个句
3、子来充当,这个句子就叫这个句子就叫:名词性从句。名词性从句。1.When we will start is not clear.2.Mrs Black wont believe that her son has become a thief.3.My idea is that we should do it right now.4.I had no idea that you were her friend.主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句二、二、名词性从句的种类名词性从句的种类（动词、介词的宾从）（动词、介词的宾从）1.At lunch time,the
4、radio weatherman reported that the mist would become a thick fog in the afternoon.Object ClauseI.Find clauses from the following sentences and tell the functions of them.2.That most of these are now threatened and may disappear is a serious matter to the people in Britain.Subject Clause3.The truth i
5、s that the fog is too thick for the bus to run that far.4.The fact that Polly didnt ask for the mans name is a pity.Appositive ClausePredicative Clause8三三.名从引导词分类及作用名从引导词分类及作用:that(无意义),whether/if(是否)as if/as though（只在表从）what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)which(ever)whosewhen(ever),where(ver),why,how，beca
6、use(表从中)不作成分只起连接作用作作主、宾、主、宾、主、宾、主、宾、表、表、表、表、定定定定语语作作状状状状语语考点考点1：A:连接词连接词 that 与与 what 的区别的区别What we cant get seems better than what we have.That a new teacher will come to our school is true.that 只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不只起连接作用，无意义，在从句中不 充充当任何成分但是除引导宾从外，其余情况都不可当任何成分但是除引导宾从外，其余情况都不可省省 what 既有连接作用，既有连接作用，又要在从句
7、中作成分（又要在从句中作成分（主语，宾语，主语，宾语，表语）表语）(的东西的东西;物物;话话;时间时间;地点地点;人物人物;数目等不同概念数目等不同概念)1.The other day,my brother drove his car down the street at was a dangerous speed.2._ the earth is round is known to us all.3._ he said nothing at the meeting made us angry.4._ he said at the meeting made us angry.whatThatT
8、hatWhatB:what(表表“什么什么”无选择范围无选择范围)which(表表“哪一个哪一个”有选择范围有选择范围)1.-Do you know_Mr Blacks address is?-He may live at No.18 or No.19 of Bridge Street.Im not sure of _.2.I read about it in some book or other,does it matter _ it was?whatwhichwhich1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity.2.你成功与否不重要。你成功与否不重要
9、。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that考点考点 2：it作形式主语作形式主语,形式宾语的用法形式宾语的用法 it 作形式主语作形式主语(为了平衡句子结构为了平衡句子结构)Whether you succeed or not 用用it 作形式主语的常见结构：作形式主语的常见结构：It is well known/reported/thought/saidthat It is clear/necessary/certain/true that It is a pity/
10、a shame/an honor that It doesnt matter whether It seems/happens that 注：由注：由what/whatever/whoever等引导的主语从等引导的主语从句，必须置于主句的谓语动词之前，不能用句，必须置于主句的谓语动词之前，不能用it作作形式主语：形式主语：Whatever was said here must be kept secret.1._is known to all,Taiwan is only part of China.A.As B.That C.Which D.What 2.It is known to all
11、_ Taiwan is only part of China.A.as B.that C.if D.for 3.It was on Sunday _ I met him.A.that B.when C.what D.which （非限制性定语从句）（非限制性定语从句）（强调句）（强调句）*(2)有些动词带宾语有些动词带宾语 从句时习惯上在宾语从句从句时习惯上在宾语从句前加前加it 这类动词有：这类动词有：like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make等。等。b.it 作形式作形式宾语*(1)动词动词make/find/feel/consider/think 等后面
12、有宾补时，则需要用等后面有宾补时，则需要用it作形式宾语并作形式宾语并将真正的宾语后置。将真正的宾语后置。I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day.I hate it when people talk with their mouths full of food.1.I like _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.A.this B.that C.it D.one2.I will appreciate_if you come to my b
13、irthday party.A.this B.it C one D that考点考点3 3 语序问题语序问题在名词性从句中在名词性从句中,除了关联词要提到句首之外除了关联词要提到句首之外,一一律要用陈述句语序律要用陈述句语序1.The photographs will show you _ A.what does our village look like B.what our village looks like C.how does our village look like D.how our village looks like 3.What time do you think _?A
14、.will Besty come here B.Besty will come hereC.is Besty coming hereD.can Besty get here疑问词疑问词+do you thinksuggestbelieve suppose+陈述语序陈述语序考点考点4 4 同位语从句和定语从句的区别同位语从句和定语从句的区别同同位位语语从从句句一一般般跟跟在在名名词词fact,news,promise,truth,belief,thought,idea,answer,information,knowledge,doubt,hope,law,opinion,plan,suggest
15、ion后后面面,用用以以说明或解释前面的名词的内容说明或解释前面的名词的内容.定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用定语从句：对先行词起修饰限制作用The news that she passed the exam excited her parents.The news that we know from her excited all of us.解释说明；解释说明；that在从句中不充当成分在从句中不充当成分但是不能省。但是不能省。修饰限定；修饰限定；that在从句中充当成分、在从句中充当成分、作宾语时可以省。作宾语时可以省。同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句1.The suggestion
16、 that he should not go there is of great value.2.The suggestion that he made is of great value.同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句考点考点5.选择填空填空（what,whatever,who,whoever)1._ was said here must be kept secret.2._we need is more time.3._ made the long distance call to him is not important.4._ breaks the law will be pun
17、ished.WhateverWhatWhoWhoever _等引导的名等引导的名词性从句词性从句不含有疑问意义不含有疑问意义，相当，相当于名词后加一个定语从句，而于名词后加一个定语从句，而_等引导的名等引导的名词性从句都词性从句都含有疑问意义含有疑问意义。whoever,whateverWho,what 请你你归纳:who,whoever/what,whatever?1._ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.Whoever高考题选萃高考题选萃2.Sarah hope
18、s to become a friend of _ shares her interests.A.anyone B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 注注：wh-ever 既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步既可引导名词性从句又可引导让步状语从句状语从句no matter wh-只引导让步状丛只引导让步状丛He would believe whatever I said.Whatever I said,he would believe it.=No matter what I said,he would believe it.宾语从句宾语从句让步状语从句让步状语从
19、句考点考点6.用用if 或或whether 填空填空v1.I dont know _Ill be free tomorrow.v2.The question is _ this book is worth writing.whether/ifwhetherv3.It depends on _ we will have enough money.v4._ they can do it matters little to us.a.主语从句、表语从句、同位语从主语从句、表语从句、同位语从 句、句、介词后面的宾语从句只能用介词后面的宾语从句只能用whether，不能用不能用if；b.后面紧跟后面紧跟
20、 or not 时时,用用whetherwhetherWhether1.在在order，suggest（建议），（建议），demand，request，advise，insist(坚持应该坚持应该)等所接的等所接的宾语宾语从句从句中用中用should 型虚拟语气。型虚拟语气。should 常省略常省略。2.在在order，suggestion等名词后等名词后同位语从句，表同位语从句，表语从句语从句中用中用should 型虚拟语气，可省略型虚拟语气，可省略should3.在在as if，as though引导的引导的表语从句表语从句中，在必要中，在必要的情况下应用过去式虚拟语气。的情况下应用过去
21、式虚拟语气。考点考点7 7虚拟语气问题虚拟语气问题 4.在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理在主语从句中用来表示惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此等应如此等,谓语动词用虚拟语气谓语动词用虚拟语气“(should)+do”,常用的句型有常用的句型有：（1）It is necessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)that.（2）It is a pity(a shame,no wonder,etc.)that.（3）It is suggested(requested,proposed,desired,etc.)that.如如:It is strange that
22、 she(should)think so.5.wish后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，后，从句中的时态在原本的时态上退一步，即即 wish that 过去时过去时(跟现在相反跟现在相反)would+v.(跟将来相反跟将来相反)had done(跟过去相反跟过去相反)would ranther that sb did sth sb had done I wish that I _that film star yesterday.A saw B.had seen C would see D has seen 缺主/宾/表/定补代词 what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)w
23、hich(ever)whose 只缺“是否”意 思补whether，if什么都不 缺that缺状语补副词when(ever),where(ver),why,howConclusion:解题方法解题方法 2、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句3、确定词性后，再根据句子意思选择引导词。Practice makes perfect.I:改错改错v1.It is right that you said yesterday.v2.If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.v3.The reason why he was
24、late for school was because he got up late.v4.His idea what we go there on foot is acceptable.whatWhetherthatthatv I am always wondering_1_ I can find my girl friend or not._2_ makes me surprised is _3_ girls are different from each other.Up to now I have realized_4_difficult that I can find her in
25、the world.My mother tell me the fact_5_marriage depends on_6_I have the destiny(缘分).wish that I could meet my girl friend in the near future and_7_ all the single people sitting here today could find their own happiness.Please remember:the God often gives happiness to_8_ has confidence in life.wheth
26、er Whatthatthatitwhether thatwhoever II.Fill in the blanks:III完成句子（写作完成句子（写作训练）1.上周，我上周，我们就就“高中生是否高中生是否应参加暑期参加暑期补习班班”对我校我校3000名学生名学生进行了一次行了一次调查。.(基基础写作写作)Last week we did a survey among 3000 students in our school on 2.作作为一个学生，我一个学生，我们应该做的是努力学做的是努力学习。As a student,is to study hard.3.无无论是是谁救了救了这女孩都女孩都
27、应受到表受到表扬。should be praised.4.这篇文章告篇文章告诉我我们压力力对我我们有好有好处。（读写任写任务）The passage tells us 5.为什么你什么你认为情情节(plot)难以相信以相信?（语序）序）Why do you think？whether high school students should attend a summer tutoring class.what we should do Whoever saved the girl that stress does good to us.the plot is unbelievable 缺主/宾
28、/表/定补代词 what(ever)who(ever)whom(ever)which(ever)whose 只缺“是否”意 思补whether，if什么都不 缺that缺状语补副词when(ever),where(ver),why,howKeep in mind:解题方法解题方法 2、分析从句句子成分,缺什么，补什么1、找主句谓语，确定是什么从句3、确定词性后，再根据句子意思选择引导词。HomeworkWriting:据报道韩苗可据报道韩苗可(Hang Mioku)28岁时决定要整容岁时决定要整容（have a facelift）。显然，这对她的身体是不好）。显然，这对她的身体是不好的，几次手术后，她的脸变得特别大以至于父母都的，几次手术后，她的脸变得特别大以至于父母都认不出她来了，他们的女儿变得其丑无比认不出她来了，他们的女儿变得其丑无比,他们难他们难以接受这个事实。医生建议她不能再进行手术了，以接受这个事实。医生建议她不能再进行手术了，但问题是她不接受这个建议。韩苗可不知道什么时但问题是她不接受这个建议。韩苗可不知道什么时候才能康复。现在她最想重新拥有以前的容貌（候才能康复。现在她最想重新拥有以前的容貌（previous appearance）。）。写作要求：写作要求：1）用用7句话表达上述全部内容。句话表达上述全部内容。2）每句话都要用到从句。每句话都要用到从句。