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1、Unit 4 Astronomy- the science of the starsLearning about language 课时作业 (2)一、完形填空My husband and I insisted that our children were old enough to clean their rooms and make their beds. But they thought 1 My complaints, even self - justified shouting, were always landing on 2 ears. Very often a whole ho
2、ur, s scolding would end with their 3 into tears. I felt very frustrated. I realized I needed to 4 my method of “mothering”.One day when they were at school, I spent some time 5 their rooms. On their desks, in plain 6, I left the cards: “Dear Bill (the other card was to Sarah), your room was messy t
3、his morning and I m sure you like it clean. Love, the Room Fairy. 8 arriving back, the children were 9 excited to receive the little note from the Room Fairy. The next day, their rooms were fairly tidy. Sure enough, there was another note from the Room Fairy 10 for them, thanking them for their nice
4、 gift” of a clean room and H asking them to play a certain violin 12 , Each day, thank-you notes would be written differently to keep the ideas 13 .Sometimes the Room Fairy would propose a little 14 ： “If you can finish your homework and 15 your lessons before dinner, I d like to watch a particular
5、television program with you tonight. Sometimes some colored markers or other little 们。wait for意为“等待，等候。故选B。H.C句意：温和地要求他们演奏一首小提琴曲。gently 意为“温和地,温柔地”,与第一段中的“shouting” “scolding”形 成对比。故选C。12. C根据语境可知，这里是指房屋精灵要求孩子们演奏一首小 提琴曲。a violin piece意为“一首小提琴曲”，符合语境。故选C。13. D句意：每天，这些感谢的便条写得都不一样，为的是让这 些创意始终是新鲜的。fresh
6、意为“新鲜的，清新的。故选D。14. A propose意为“建议,提出:由上文孩子们对作者的抱 怨充耳不闻这一语境可知，让孩子在晚饭前做完作业、复习完功课对 孩子来说是个挑战。故选A。15. C go over lessons 意为复习功课，与上文finish your homeworkv相照应。故选Co16. C句意：有时候一些彩色的标记或者其他一些小东西会被留 下，来表扬他们前一天的良好表现。in praise of sb./sth.意为“歌 颂某人/某物，表扬某人/某物。故选C。17. B the day before意为“前一天”，符合语境。其他三项均 不能与the day”搭配。故
7、选B。18. A句意：事实上，我记不清房屋精灵留了多长时间的爱的便 条。actually意为“事实上，实际上”，符合语境。故选A。19. D 由下文 “Appointments, notices about visiting relatives . could be posted.”可知，作者在镜子上贴一些便条 是为了提醒大家不要忘了要做的事。故此处应用reminder,意为“起 提醒作用的东西”。故选D。20. B通读全文可知，作者一家从便条和提示中受益很多，所以 他们很欣赏这种方式。appreciate意为“欣赏，感激”。故选B。二、阅读理解A 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的a comp
8、letely new type of human will evolve as a result of extremely new technology, behaviour, and natural selection,可知选 A。1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句. Mr Last claims we will live longer, have children in old age and rely on artificial intelligence to do ordinary and boring tasks. ”及第二句中的 “it is comparable to the
9、 change from monkeys to. ”可知选D。2. A词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句It suggests that as brain sizes increase, organisms need more energy and time to reach their full potential, and so reproduce less. “可知，画线部 分指的是生物体需要更多的时间和能量成熟起来，从而充分发挥其潜 力。3. A推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可知，这种改变已经发生，女性 生孩子的年龄越来越晚；根据倒数第二段第一句中的“more and more people,
10、 especially women have the option to engage in cultural reproduction及第二句中的“as well as having more child-free years to enjoy leisure time”可知，越来越多的女性选择投入到 工作或业余爱好中去而不是生育孩子。三、语法填空1. projects考查名词的数。本句话中有“three”，因此应用 project的复数形式。2. needed考查动词的时态。此处陈述的是发生在过去的事，应用一般过去时。3. across 考查固定搭配。come across表示“偶然遇见4
11、. who考查定语从句。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“an old family friend Dan”,指人，且在定语从句中作主语，因此只能 用 whooIt 考查强调句型。本句为强调句It is/was . that。5. to give考查动词的固定用法。动词want后接动词不定式， 表示“想做某事”。6. fighting考查动词词组。go on doing表示继续做同一件 事；go on to do表示继续做不同的事。7. a 考查冠词。have a wonderful life表示“有一个精彩的 生活”。8. and考查固定句型。此处是“祈使句+ and/or +简单句”的 结
12、构，根据上下文可知，此处应用and。9. suddenly考查词性转换。本句中用副词suddenly修饰动 词 realizedo四、短文改错第二句：while-when; payspaid第四句：whatf how第六句：daydays第七句：In-0n;去掉had第八句：chat - to chat 或 chatting第九句：theirour第十句: silently-silent第H句：while前加aitems would be left in 16 of well done jobs the day 17 .18 I can t remember how long “ the Ro
13、om Fairy” continued leaving her love notes. When they were age appropriate, we used various versions of Post- Its （贝占条）.The bathroom mirror became the 19 centre of our home.Appointments, notices about visiting relatives, lesson schedules, and changes in plans could be posted.We all benefited from an
14、d 20 the idea of sharing reminders and daily details of life through notes. I believe the true advantage of the Room Fairy notes survives in our frequent and enjoyable communication.1. A. indifferentlyC. doubtfully2. A. sideC. neither3. A.cryingC. bursting4. A. adjustC. access5. A. clearingC. emptyi
15、ng6. A. distanceC. speech7. A. sentC. deliveredB. gratefullyD. otherwiseB. deafD. eitherB. breakingD. bumpingB. adoptD. addictB. tidyingD. searchingB. wordsD. sightB. readD. addressed8. A. AsC. In9. A. more thanC. no more than10. A. askingC. praying11. A. politelyC. gently12. A. musicC. piece13. A.
16、respectableC. incredible14. A. challengeC. suggestion15. A. go withC. go over16. A. responseC. praise17. A. aheadC. over18. A. ActuallyC. Even if19. A. lifeC. memory20. A. learnedB. AtD. UponB. rather thanD. other thanB. waitingD. expectingB. loudlyD. toughlyB. songD. toneB. uninterestingD. freshB.
17、questionD. adviceB. look upD. look intoB. answerD. honorB. beforeD. agoB. Even soD. ThoughB. mainD. reminderappreciatedB. sharedD. thanked二、阅读理解By 2050, a completely new type of human will evolve as a result of extremely new technology, behaviour, and natural selection. This is according to Cadell L
18、ast, a researcher at the Global Brain Institute, who claims mankind is undergoing a major evolutionary transition .In less than four decades, Mr Last claims we will live longer, have children in old age and rely on artificial intelligence to do ordinary and boring tasks. This shift is so significant
19、, he claims, it is comparable to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans. Your 80 or 100 is going to be so radically （根本上， 彻底地）different from your grandparents, Mr Last says, who believes we will spend much of our time living in virtual reality. Some evolutionary scientists believe this
20、age could be as high as 120 by 2050.Mr Last claims humans will also demonstrate delayed sexual maturation（成熟）,according to a report by Christina Sterbenz in Business Insider. This refers to something known as life history theory, which attempts to explain how natural selection shapes key events in a
21、 creature s life, such as reproduction. It suggests that as brain sizes increase, organisms need more energy and time to reach their full potential, and so reproduce less.Instead of living fast and dying younger, Mr Last believes humans will live slow and die old. Global society at the momentis a co
22、mplete mess, v he told MailOnline. But in crisis there is opportunity , and in apocalypse （大 灾难）there can be transformation. So I think the next system humanity creates will be far more sophisticated（复杂的），fair, and abundant than our current civilization. ”“I think over next system will be as differe
23、nt from the modern world, as our contemporary world is from the medieval （中 世纪的）world. The biological clock isn t going to be around forever,he added, and said that people could pause it for some time using future technology.The change is already happening. Today, the average age at which a woman in
24、 Britain has her first baby has been rising steadily, which stands at 29. 8. In the US, just one percent of first children were born to women over the age of 35 in 1970. By 2012, that figure rose to 15 percent.“As countries become socio-economically advanced, more and more people, especially women h
25、ave the option to engage in cultural reproduction,Mr Last added. And as well as having more child-free years to enjoy leisure time , he believes artificial intelligence will make up the need for low-skill jobs. We may also spend a large amount of time living in virtual reality. m not quite sure most
26、 people have really absorbed the implication（暗示,影响）of this possibility, “ Mr Last said.His views are detailed in a paper, titled Human Evolution,Life History Theory, and the End of Biological Reproduc tion published by Current Aging Science.1. According to Cadell Last, a completely new type of human
27、 will appear because of . artificial intelligence new technology natural selection mundane tasks behaviourA.B.C.D.Which statement is compared by Mr Last to the change from monkeys to apes, and apes to humans?A. We have diseases and die young.B. We give birth to a child when we are young.C. We spend
28、less time in virtual reality.D. We use intelligent robots to do everyday housework.2. The underlined words in the third paragraph most probably “ ，mean .A. organisms need more energy and time to ripennatural selection shapes key eventsB. reproductionreproduce less3. In the next system Mr Last explai
29、ned we can infer that .A. women are engaged in careers or hobbies instead of giving birth to babieswomen are engaged in playing computer games rather than workingB. women are engaged in cultural reproduction in place of men D. women are engaged in living in virtual reality without options 三、语法填空Just
30、 as I began a new job in New York, I had to learn another important job: father. I was a businessman. At the office I had three new 1 (project), and at home I had a young son who was growing fast and 2(need) me. I was puzzled and didn t know how to deal with the relationship between job and family u
31、ntil one day, during my business trip in Chicago, I came 3 an old family friend Dan, 4 was once a patient of my father. He told me something about my father. 5 was my father that helped him go through the cancer. When Dan knew he got cancer, he was very upset and wanted 6(give) up, but my father, hi
32、s doctor, encouraged him to go on 7(fight) against the cancer. My father said to him, “You have g wonderful life and three fine children. Take some time with them. It s family that we live for 一 not just ourselves. Think of that 9 you will know life s worth the fight. His words touched me, and I 10
33、(sudden) realized that family is the most important in the world. I should spend more time staying with them. 四、短文改错I used to feel I was the sun in my family. But while my cousin was born, everyone pays more attention to her. So I disliked her and couldn t get along well with her. As time went on, I
34、 realized what ridiculous I had been at that time. I tried to find a proper time to apologize. When my cousin s family came to my home a few day ago, I took my cousin to play outside. In the way to the playground, I had bought many snacks for her. Then we began chat. When we talked about their child
35、hood, suddenly, I said “sorry“ gently. She was silently, so I thought that she hadn t heard me clearly. But after while she said: “Don t say that. In my memory, you are always friendly. ”、完形填空1 .D otherwise意为“另外，别样；否则，要不然”，在此处与 空格前的“thought”构成搭配，think otherwise意为“并非如此 想，并不这么认为，符合语境。故选D。2 .B由空格后的前两句内
36、容可知，在把孩子们责备了一番之后, 孩子们只会大哭，并不会改变坏习惯，这让作者有挫败感。由此可 推知，孩子对作者的抱怨充耳不闻。deaf ears意为“充耳不闻”， 符合语境。故选B。3. C句意：通常一整个小时的责备会以他们的痛哭流涕结束。 burst into tears为固定搭配，意为“突然大哭起来”，符合语境。 故选Co4. A句意：我意识到我要调整自己的教育方式。adjust意为“调 整”。故选A。5. B句意：一天，在他们上学时我花时间收拾了他们的房间。 tidy意为“整理，收拾”。故选B。6. B句意：我在孩子们的桌子上留下了用简单的话语写的卡片。 由下文中的 “Dear Bill . . the Room Fairy. 的内容可知，words 意为“话语，语言”，符合语境。故选B。7. D句意：另一张卡片是写给Sarah的。address意为“写姓 名地址，与说话”。故选D。8. D on/upon + doing意为“一就,符合语境。故选Do9. A句意：一回到家，孩子们看到房屋精灵留的便条感到非常 兴奋。more than修饰形容词时，意为“非常，极其，符合语境。 故选AoB句意：家里还有房屋精灵留给他们的另一张便条在等着他