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1、2021年湖南中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读表达一.词汇应用(共3小题).(2021 湘潭)请根据上下文内容，将文中划线局部译成汉语或者英语。Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and watching TV.Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise everyday.Fort
2、y - five percent exercise four to six times a week.Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. (1) 百分之二十的同学一点也不锻炼。 We all know that my students often go online, (2) but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet everyday .The other ten percent use it at least three or
3、 four times a week.Most students use it for fun and not for homework.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week.Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week.And eighty - five percent watch TV
4、every day! (3) Although many students like to watch sports, game shows are the most popular. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. (4) 它有益于身心健康。Exercise such as playing sport is fun, and you can spend time with your
5、friends and family as you play together.And remember, old habits die hard1. (5) So start exercising before its too late!(1)(2)(3)(4)(5) .(2021常德)阅读短文，将文中划线局部译成汉语或英语。Friday is here and most of us enjoy what the weekend brings. (1) Maybe you will spend some time on your hobby. ( 2 ) 没有爱好 就没有真正的 快乐。Hob
6、bies help our happiness.They give us purpose, meaning, a creative outlet, and they can even relieve stress.One of my blog entries, from May of 2016, tells us how hobbies can help us identify some(3) Who rode a bicycle in the band?(4) What did Max*s father do for the band?(5) Why was Sam able to join
7、 the band?2021年湖南中考英语真题分类汇编之阅读表达参考答案与试题解析一.词汇应用(共3小题)1. (2021湘潭)请根据上下文内容，将文中划线局部译成汉语或者英语。Last month we asked our students about their free time activities.Our questions were about exercise, use of the Internet and watching TV.Here are the results.We found that only fifteen percent of our students ex
8、ercise everyday.Forty - five percent exercise four to six times a week.Twenty percent exercise only one to three times a week. (1) 百分之二十的同学一点也不锻炼。We all know that my students often go online, (2)but we were surprised that ninety percent of them use the Internet everyday .The other ten percent use it
9、 at least three or four times a week.Most students use it for fun and not for homework.The answers to our questions about watching television were also interesting.Only two percent of the students watch TV one to three times a week.Thirteen percent watch TV four to six times a week.And eighty - five
10、 percent watch TV every day! (3) Although many students like to watch spoils, game shows are the most popular. It is good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows, but we think the best way to relax is through exercise. (4) 它有益于身心、健康。Exercise such as playing sport is fun, and you can sp
11、end time with your friends and family as you play together.And remember, “old habits die hard”. (5) So start exercising before its too late!(1) Twenty percent (of the students) dont exercise at all.(2) 但让我们惊讶的是，他们中有90%的人每天都使用互联网。(3) 虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。(4) It is healthy for the mind and the
12、body.(5) 所以在太晚之前开始锻炼吧！【考点】任务型阅读.【分析】本文是一那么说明文，介绍了关于学生课余活动的调查结果。【解答】(1) Twenty percent (of the students) dont exercise at all.汉译英。根据句式， 主语”百分之二十的学生译为“twenty percent of the students1,结合其上文前两句的表述， 也可以译为“twenty percent”；谓语局部”一点也不“应用notat all”结构。故答案是：Twenty percent (of the students) don*t exercise at all
13、.(2)但让我们惊讶的是，他们中有90%的人每天都使用互联网。英译汉。根据句式，题 干中but表转折，谓语是固定搭配be surprised that.,表”对感到惊讶；ninety percentof them”译为”他们中的90%或”他们中有90%的人”；“use the Internet”译为“使用互联网”。 故答案是：但让我们惊讶的是，他们中有90%的人每天都使用互联网。(3)虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏类节目却是最受欢迎的。英译汉。根据句式, 题干是although引导的让步状语从句，表”尽管、虽然；从句中watch sports”译为观看 体育节目”；主句主语 game sh
14、ows”译为“游戏类节目”；形容词最高级形式 the most popular”译为”最受欢迎的”。故答案是：虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目，但游戏类节目却 是最受欢迎的。(4) It is healthy for the mind and the body.汉译英。根据句式，题干中”有益于健康”作句子的谓语，用固定搭配be healthy for”结构；“身心译为the mind and the body(注 意英语的表述习惯与汉语表述习惯不同)。故答案是：It is healthy for the mind and the body.(5)所以在太晚之前开始锻炼吧！英译汉。根据句式，题干中连词
15、so表”因此、所以“； 其后是以动词原形start为开头的祈使句，表建议，start exercising”译为开始锻炼二祈 使句中含有before引导的时间状语从句，表”在之前”。故答案是：所以在太晚之前 开始锻炼吧！【点评】解答任务型阅读理解题目时，其题目类型较综合多样，在通读全文的基础上， 根据各题要求反应至原文相应处，仔细研读，方能正确作答。本篇主要侧重英译汉和汉 译英题型，翻译时应结合句式结构、固定搭配、谓语动词的单复数形式等知识进行作答。2.(2021 常德)阅读短文，将文中划线局部译成汉语或英语。Friday is here and most of us enjoy what t
16、he weekend brings. (1) Maybe you will spend some time on your hobby. ( 2 ) 没有 爱好 就没有真正的 快乐。 Hobbies help our happiness.They give us purpose, meaning, a creative outlet, and they can even relieve stress.One of my blog entries, from May of 2016, tells us how hobbies can help us identify some of our pa
17、ssions and that in turn can give us interesting content to include in a life story or memoir.(3) Certainly things like playing cards or other games, especially at family gatherings can lead to some good memory.Or what about a day on the lake or the golf course ?(4) You can get geography and history
18、lessons from collecting stamps or coins from around the world.One of the things I enjoy is playing the guitar.Its a hobby I am not nearly good enough for pubic performances. (5)但是我喜欢边弹吉他边唱歌，以此来放松自己。Get me around a few friends, family members or even a classroom full of students and I might break int
19、o a song.I was doing that today with my 5th graders.If you want to start a new hobby or even search for new ideas, then check out A Full Guide On How To Start A New Hobby.It*s posted on the SewingIsAwesome website.Some of the takeaways for me from the article included how hobbies can introduce us to
20、 new people, widen or knowledge and skills, and improve our confidence and self - esteem.Win, win and win.(1) 也许你会花一些时间在你的爱好上。(2) There is no real happiness without hobbies.(3) 当然，像打牌或其他游戏，特别是在家庭聚会上，可以导致一些良好的记忆力。(4) 你可以从世界各地收集邮票或硬币中获得地理和历史课程。(5) But I like to relax myself by playing the guitar and s
21、inging.【考点】任务型阅读.【分析】文章说明了爱好对于我们的重要性，它有助于我们幸福。【解答】(1)也许你会花一些时间在你的爱好上。英译汉。题干中谓语局部spendon sth” 结构意为”在 上花费时间/金钱”，spend some time on your hobby译为花一些时间在你 的爱好上”；maybe是副词，译为”或许、也许”。故答案是：也许你会花一些时间在你的 爱好上。(2) There is no real happiness without hobbies.汉译英。根据句式,题干可使用 There be 句型，没有真正的快乐”译为There is no real hap
22、piness(happiness是不可数名词，谓语 动词应用is)； “没有爱好”译为without hobbies,在句中作状语，其中hobbies在此表泛指， 应用复数形式。故答案是：There is no real happiness without hobbies.(3)当然，打牌或其他游戏之类的东西，尤其是在家庭聚会上，可以带来一些美好的记 忆。英译汉。分析句子结构， like playing cards or other games”是介词短语作后置定语, 修饰名词things,译为打牌或其他游戏之类的东西；especially at family gatherings”是副词短语
23、作状语，译为“特别是在家庭聚会上”；谓语中心局部是lead to,译为”导致，带来；some good memory短语中的memory是不可数名词，译为一些美好的记忆”。故答 案是：当然，打牌或其他游戏之类的东西，尤其是在家庭聚会上，可以带来一些美好的 记忆。(4)你可以从世界各地提供的邮票或硬币中获得地理和历史知识。英译汉。根据句式， 谓语结构是 get.from.,意为”从 获得 ,nget geography and history lessons”译为” 获得地理和历史知识”；from collecting stamps or coins from around the world”
24、译为“从世界 各地提供的邮票或硬币”。故答案是：你可以从世界各地提供的邮票或硬币中获得地理和 历史知识。(5) But I like to relax myself by playing the guitar and singing.题干表转折，可用 连词but引导；“放松自己”可作谓语的一局部，译为“relax myselF； ”by+doing”作状语表 示”通过某种方式“，即通过弹吉他唱歌，可译为by playing the guitar and singing。故答 案是： But I like to relax myself by playing the guitar and sin
25、ging.【点评】解答任务型阅读理解题目时，其题目类型较综合多样，在通读全文的基础上， 根据各题要求反应至原文相应处，仔细研读，方能正确作答。本篇主要侧重英译汉和汉 译英题型，翻译时应结合句式结构、固定搭配、谓语动词的单复数形式等知识进行作答。3.(2021 株洲)根据上下文将文中画线局部译成汉语或者英语。The Internet and your friends influence your beauty standards. (1) 你的朋友总是在网 上发照片。They want to show off their beautiful dresses or strong bodies, a
26、nd you will compare yourself to them.First of all, not to follow popular beauty standards blindly.They are out of reach for 99% of us, so its better to just forget about them.(2) Another suggestion is to tell yoursilf that you are special. Talk about your feelings with someone you trust.Hearing how
27、much they value you can help you feel comfortable in your own skin. (3) 每个人都了不起。Everyone has their own talents.Finally, it is a good idea to try to direct your attention away from bad thoughts.To achieve this, you should do something you enjoy.You can enjoy yourselves by learning. (4) This is a life
28、long journey because every day brings something new. You can also take part in social activities, like playing sports with your friends.These things can help you take your mind off matters that worry you and make you feel good about yourself.You may often judge yourself by what is on the outside, no
29、t on the inside.However, like a book, your contents are much more important than your cover. (5) Dont judge a book by its cover. If you can learn to see the good things about yourself, you will soon begin to love yourself just the way you are.(1) Your fHcnds always post photos online.(2) 另一个建议是告诉你自己
30、你很特别。(3) Everyone is excellent.(4) 这是一个终生的旅途，因为每天都会带来新的东西。(5) 不要通过封面来评判一本书。/不要以貌取人。【考点】任务型阅读.【分析】当你的朋友在网上发照片展示他们时，你会和他们比拟吗？文章告诉我们如何 不盲从他人的审美标准，做最好的自己。【解答】(1) Your friends always post photos online.汉译英。分析句式，题干是一个简单 句；谓语”发照片“译为“post photos”； “在网上”是副词，译为online。故答案是：Your friends always post photos onlin
31、e.(2)另一个建议是告诉你自己你很特别。英译汉。分析句式，题干表语to tell yourself 后是that引导的宾语从句；Another suggestion 译为另一个建议；to tell yourself1是to do不定式作表语，译为告诉你自己；that you are special”译为“你是特别的”。故答案是： 另一个建议是告诉你自己你很特别。(3) Everyone is excellent.汉译英。分析句式，题干是一个简单句；”每个人”是不定代词 作主语，译为everyone/everybody”；当不定代词作主语时，谓语动词应用单数形式，因 此谓语动词应用is； ”了
32、不起的”是形容词，译为excellent。故答案是：Everyone is excellent. (4)这是一个终生的旅途，因为每天都会带来新的东西。英译汉。分析句式，题干是一 个because引导的原因状语从句；a lifelong journey”译为终生的旅程/旅途；brings something new”译为“带来新的东西”。故答案是：这是一个终生的旅途，因为每天都会带 来新的东西。(5)不要通过封面来评判一本书。/不要以貌取人。英译汉。分析句式，题干是一个祈 使句，也是一句谚语；谓语局部是固定搭配“judgeby，表”根据来判断cover”是名词，译为”(书的)封面”。故答案是：不
33、要通过封面来评判一本书。/不要以貌取人。【点评】解答任务型阅读理解题目时，其题目类型较综合多样，在通读全文的基础上， 根据各题要求反应至原文相应处，仔细研读，方能正确作答。本篇主要侧重英译汉和汉 译英题型，翻译时应结合句式结构、固定搭配、谓语动词的单复数形式等知识进行作答。二.阅读表达（共8小题）（2021 湘潭）What does taking the train mean to you? Perhaps its just a way of getting to your destination （目 的地）.In fact, the train itself can be part of
34、the fun.On March 28th ， Chinas first panda - themed tourist train left Chengdu in Sichuan for Zunyi in Guizhou.lt soon became the talk of China with its special design and comfortable service.Its inside and outside are decorated with giant panda pictures.Attendants （乘务员） carry panda toys and passeng
35、ers can try panda - shaped food and Sichuan snacks.Some people call it a mobile star hotel because it has a bar karaoke room, dance hall and mahjong （麻将） room.This luxury （高档的） service is one aspect that has attracted travelers.But train travel interests people for other reasons.In the fast - paced
36、times we live in, train travel is a good way to slow down .It gives you time and space to read, sleep, chat with friends, or simply do nothing but watch the changing scenery outside.One surprising thing is that you might meet new people.Sheng Yawei, 26, once took the longest railway in the world - t
37、he Trans - Siberian Railway in the word.Sheng met a Russian student and they became friends. I also met a cute boy who gave me melon seeds （瓜 子） .Though we didnt understand each others language, it made me feel nice.”（1） When did China*s first panda - themed tourist train leave Chengdu for Zunyi? On
38、 March 28th .（2） Why did the panda - themed tourist train become the talk of China? Because of its special design and comfortable service.（3） What food does this train provide for passengers? Panda - shaped food and Sichuan snacks.（4） What is a surprising thing about the train travel?You might meet
39、new people.(5) Do you want to take the panda - themed tourist train? Why or why not? Yes, I do.Because I want to appreciate its special design and enjoy its comfortable seivice.【考点】阅读表达.【分析】本文介绍了中国首列熊猫主题旅游列车，它很快因其独特的设计和舒适的服务 而成为中国的热门话题，在我们生活的快节奏时代，火车旅行是放慢脚步的好方法，火 车旅行也充满了惊喜。【解答】(1 )0n March 28th ,细节理
40、解题。根据 On March 28th , Chinas first panda - themed tourist train left Chengdu in Sichuan for Zunyi in Guizhou.可知,3 月 28 日,中国首列熊猫 主题旅游列车从四川成都开往贵州遵义。所以中国第一列以熊猫为主题的旅游列车3月 28日从成都开往遵义。故答案为On March 28th.(2) Because of its special design and comfortable service.细节理解题。根据 On March 28th ， China*s first panda -
41、 themed tourist train left Chengdu in Sichuan for Zunyi in Guizhou.lt soon became the talk of China with its special design and comfortable service.可 知，3月28日，中国首列熊猫主题旅游列车从四川成都开往贵州遵义，以其独特的设计 和舒适的服务很快成为中国的话题。所以熊猫主题旅游列车以其独特的设计和舒适的服 务成为中国的话题。故答案为 Because of its special design and comfortable service.(3)
42、 Panda - shaped food and Sichuan snacks.细节理解题。根据 Attendants carry panda toys and passengers can try panda - shaped food and Sichuan snacks.可矢口，服务员端着熊猫玩具， 旅客可以品尝熊猫造型的食物和川菜小吃。所以这列火车为乘客提供熊猫造型的食物和 川菜小吃。故答案为 Panda - shaped food and Sichuan snacks.(4) You might meet new people.细节理解题。根据 One surprising thin
43、g is that you might meet new people.可知，令人惊讶的是，你可能会遇到新朋友。所以火车旅行令人惊讶的 地方是你可能会遇到新朋友。故答案为You might meet new people.(5) Yes, I do.Because I want to appreciate its special design and enjoy its comfortable service. 推理判断表达题。根据 On March 28th , Chinas first panda - themed tourist train left Chengdu in Sichuan
44、 for Zunyi in Guizhou.lt soon became the talk of China with its special design and comfortable service.可知，3月28日，中国首列熊猫主题旅游列车从四川成都 开往贵州遵义，以其独特的设计和舒适的服务很快成为中国的话题。所以我想坐熊猫主 题的旅游列车。因为我想欣赏其独特的设计和享受其舒适的服务。故答案为Yes, I do.Because I want to appreciate its special design and enjoy its comfortable service.【点评】阅读
45、表达题往往从不同的角度命题，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，也考查他们 的英语表达能力和概括能力，另外，对回答的拼写、语法的正确性的也有较高的要求。5.(2021 怀化)阅读下面的短文，将划线局部的句子译成汉语或英语。(1)你喜欢阅读吗？ It can open many doors and lead you into a road to success.(2) Everyone should have a good reading habit.This is because it is an important way to get information.(3)阅读对我们来说很重要。How ca
46、n you improve your reading? There is a good way.For example, when you learn how to ride bike, you have to get on the bike as many times as possible.lt is the same as reading. (4) If you want to improve your reading, try to read morn books. If you go out, take a magazine, a book or something else to
47、read.When you are reading, try to understand what message the writer is giving to you.(5) Good books are friends. They can bring us much happiness.(1) Do you like reading?(2) 每个人都应该有一个良好的阅读习惯。(3) Reading is very important for us.(4) 如果你想提高你的阅读能力，试着读更多的书。(5) 好书如朋友。【考点】任务型阅读.【分析】文章讲述了阅读的重要性，并且告诉我们可以通过
48、多读书提高阅读能力。【解答】(1) Do you like reading?汉译英。分析句式，题干是一个一般疑问句，其主语 是第二人称you,谓语动词是实义动词like,因此译为一般疑问句时应用助动词do； ”喜欢阅读”译为 like readingo 故答案是：Do you like reading?（2）每个人都应该有一个良好的阅读习惯。英译汉。根据句子结构，题干谓语的中心部 分是短语have a good habit,译为”有一个良好的阅读习惯”，情态动词should译为“应该。 故答案是：每个人都应该有一个良好的阅读习惯。（3） Reading is very important for us.汉译英。根据句子结构，题干主语是阅读，应用V -ing形式，即动名词做主语，其谓语动词应用动词单数形式；”对来说是重要的”译 为be important for sb；我们作介词for的宾语，因此应用宾格。故答案是：Reading is very important for us.（4）如果你想提高你的阅读能力，试着读更多的书。英译汉。分析句式，题干是if引导 的条件状语从句，其主句是一个祈使句；improve your reading译为“提高你的阅读能力”； try to do sth译为试着去做某事二 故答案是：如果你想提高你的阅读能力，