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1、2022年宁夏师范学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】2008.10 It took a few seconds for her eyes to to the darkness.A、allocateB、 adoptC、applyD、adjust【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查动词词义辨析。【译文】她花了几秒钟时间使眼睛适应黑 暗。【详细解答】A分配，拨出 B收养，过继 C应用，申请 D调 整，使适合第2题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different
2、 answer to these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whos
3、e body had never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born
4、about a thousand years agoD、he came from Italy儿童自身，局部原因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。此处solely的表述是错误的。第20题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】For any given task in Britain there are more men than are needed. Strong unions keep them there. In Fleet Street, home of some of Londons biggest dailies, it is understood t
5、hat when two unions quarrel over three jobs the argument is settled by giving each union two. That means 33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained.What happens when disputes over job opportunities arise among British unions?A、 Thirty three per cent of the workers
6、 will be out of work.B、More jobs will be created by the union.C、More people will be employed than necessary.D、The unions will try to increase productivity.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段开头告诉读者there are more men than are needed.when two unions quarrel over three jobs, the argument is settled by giving each union two
7、”,接 下来作者又进一步说明其实质，即它意味着33 per cent over manning, 33 per cent less productivity than could be obtained”。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 So far scientists have only acquired understanding of the physicalprocesses that cause earthquakes.A、a partialB、a changeableC、an originalD、an individual【正确答案】A10第22题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】
8、During the hours when you labour through your work you may say that youre hot. That/s true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one h
9、as discovered why this is so, but it leads to such familiar monologues as: Get up, John ! Youll be late for work again! The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these e
10、nergy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?A、Unawareness of energy cycles.B、Familiar monologues.C、A change in a family members energy cycle.D Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members
11、.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题的关键是看懂本段的最后一句（即：Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has.同时联系本段的第四句和第五句（即：For some people the peak comes during the morning. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. ）的意思。该句的直接意思是
12、“如果丈夫和妻子能明白能量周期是怎么 回事，以及家庭每个成员有什么样的周期，很多家庭争吵就会停止。”也就是说， 家庭争吵的发生是因为丈夫和妻子不了解能量周期是怎么回事，更谈不上了解每 个家庭成员有什么样的能量周期了。因此A项：Unawareness of energy cycles（不 知道能量周期）应是正确答案。第23题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】War may be a natural expression of biological instinct and drives toward aggression in the human species. Natural impulses of
13、 anger, hostility, and11 territoriality （守卫士也盘的天性）are expressed through acts of violence. These are all qualities that humans share with animals. Aggression is a kind of innate （天生的） survival mechanism, an instinct for self-preservation, that allows animals to defend themselves from threats to their
14、 existence. But, on the other hand, human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior. In the case of human aggression, violence can not be simply reduced to an instinct. The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavio
15、r. In human societies violence has a social function: It is a strategy for creating or destroying forms of social order. Religious traditions have taken a leading role in directing the powers of violence. We will look at the ritual and ethical （道德上 的）patterns within which human violence has been dir
16、ected. Human violence shows evidence of being a learned behavior in that.A、it threatens the existing social systemsB、it is influenced by societyC、it has roots in religious conflictsD、it is directed against institutions of law【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段指出了人类暴力的两个特性，其中第二个特性是a learned behavioro可以知道此题的答案应该就在本段的后面局部
17、。接下来的第二句话即 说人类暴力的诸多表现形式都受社会习惯的制约：The many expressions of human violence are always conditioned by social conventions that give shape to aggressive behavior,将其定型为侵略性行为。第24题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】And yet although the Mayas knew about the wheel, they never used it. Neither did they use metals other than copper.
18、 What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned（抛弃）many of the cities and built new ones in the jungle. Some time around AD900, Mayan civilization collapsed. By the year 1200, their last great capital, Chichen Itza, was deserted.One of the most surprising findings about12Mayas was that
19、.A、 they developed accurate system measuring time.B、 they knew how to build pyramids with stones.C、 they deserted their cities and moved to new ones.D、 they built cities which they never lived in.【正确答案】c【答案解析】对应点为What is ever more surprising is that they suddenly abandoned many of the cities and bui
20、lt new ones in the jungle.是对原文语意进行了 转化，最高级代替了比拟级。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Physiologically, we are rhythmical. We must eat, sleep, breathe, and play regularly to maintain good health. Emotionally we are rhythmical, too, for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relative depression and ex
21、hilaration. Intellectually we are also rhythmical, for we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration. It naturally follows then that rhythm, a fundamental aspect of our lives, must be a part of any good literary workwhether poetry or prose.According to the passage, which of t
22、he followingpairs of activities best illustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】段落的结尾处
23、讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因 为我们在高度集中精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration) 根据这个信息，A、 D项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B项内容是学习诗歌 与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而C项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也13不符合原文。第26题【单项选择题】The new laws threaten to deprive many people the most elementary freedoms.
24、A、fromB、forC、ofD、 about【正确答案】c【答案解析】deprive sb of sth：剥夺某人某物。第27题【单项选择题】2009.01 What he told us was more of a(n)than a reality.A、illusionB、demonstrationC、illustrationD reputation【正确答案】A答案解析】此题考查词义辨析。句意:他告诉我们的更可能是幻想而不是现实。 考查名词词义。A幻想，错误观念；B演示，证明；C图解，实例；D名声， 名誉。第28题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】Despite other explanatio
25、ns, the real answer in my opinion lies partly in the child himself, partly in the behavior of the people around him. Q: The reason why children learn their mother tongue so well lies solely in their environment of learning.14A、TrueB、FalseC Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原文说的是儿童之所以能够完全掌握母语局部原因在于 儿童自身，局部原
26、因在于孩子周围人们的行为。问题句说“儿童母语学得好的原 因只是因为他们的学习环境。”此处solely的表述是错误的。第29题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】During these past few years I used Associated Content to try writing. I found writing for that site was not my cup of tea. However, my experience there was positive as I was rewarded with even more learning opportunities jus
27、t by dipping my toes into the water. Through Associated Content I was introduced to the world of blogging. I decided to learn how to set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer. What is the authors purpose of using the site Associated Content?A、 To write for
28、the site Yahoo! Contributor Network.B、To know more about other writers.C、 To have one of his articles published.D、 To become a network writer.【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。根据本段的I decided to learn howto set up a blog myself. Now Im interested in blogging and continue to work as a writer 确定 D 答案。A 选项 是作者偶然获得的结果，并
29、非刚开始写作时的目的，可排除；B选项不是作者的 目的；C选项是作者两年前已经取得的成果，无需再定为自己目标。第30题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The modem ideas concerning the nature of intelligence are bound to have some effect on our school system. In one respect a change is already occurring.15With the move toward comprehensive education and the development of unstream
30、ed classes, fewer children will be given the label low IQ which must inevitably condemn a child in his own, if not societys eyes. The idea that we can teach children to be intelligent in the same way that we can teach them reading or arithmetic is accepted by more and more people.The main idea of th
31、is paragraph isA、Impact on School EducationB、A Changed View of IntelligenceC、Main Results of Recent ResearchesD、Effect of Environment on Intelligence【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题使用了同义词替换的选择技巧，段落中主要讲述的是智力本质 的现代简洁必定会对学校教育产生影响(bound to have some effect on our school system.),选项A中只是将名词effect换为impacto第31题【单项选择题】he had
32、 an accident.2009.01 He insured his carA、unlessB、ifC、sinceD、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第32题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a person by his appearance.A、 bearB put16C placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解
33、答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第33题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】On the other hand, on the moon there will be an attraction between the butter and the moon; but the butter will weigh only about one-sixth as much as it does on the earth. This is because the moon is so much smaller than the earth. The amount of grav
34、itational pull that a body produces depends on the amount of material in it. A packet of butter has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.We do not feel the gravitational pull of a packet of butter
35、becauseA、 it is too small to have a gravitational pull of its own.B、 its pull is so small that we tend to ignore it.C、 its pull disappears in the presence of the earths gravitation.D、 it tends to melt and loses its gravitational pull.【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题定位词是not feel.packet of butter,找到原文中A packet of butt
36、er has a gravitational pull of its own; but this is very small in relation to the pull of something as large as the moon, or the earth, or the sun.所以答案是 B。 C 项错在 disappearo第34题【单项选择题】2008.04 New drivers are far more to have accidents than experienceddrivers.A、possibleB、likely17C probableD unlikely【正
37、确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。句子翻译：新司机比起有经验的老司机出交 通事故的可能性要大得多。A,可能（发生、存在）的；B.有可能be likely to ; C.大概的、可能的；D不可能的 应用举例：Ill do everything possible to help you.我会尽一切可能帮助你。He is likely to arrive a bit late.他有可能会晚至U会 儿。第35题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】Who was this man? How and when had he died? Everybody had a different answer to
38、these questions. Some people thought that it was from this century, perhaps the body of a soldier who died in World War I, since several soldiers had already been found in the area. A Swiss woman believed it might be her father, who had died in those mountains twenty years before and whose body had
39、never been found. The scientists who rushed to look at the body thought it was probably much older, maybe even a thousand years old. All the followings are assumptions once made about the Iceman EXCEPT.A、he was a soldier in World War IB、he was a Swiss womans long-lost fatherC、he was born about a tho
40、usand years agoD he came from Italy【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第36题【单项选择题】2009.7 The wounded soldiers would recover quickly if they were well. A、nourishedB、stuffed18C tamedD、ventured【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查过去分词意义区分。译文：如果受伤的战士营养很好，他 们就会很快痊愈。A营养，滋养；B填满，塞满；C驯服（猛兽）；D冒险第37题【单项选择题】2009,04 Dont trust
41、everything you have read in the newspapers.A、whichB、 thatC、asD、what【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查定语从句。译文：不要相信你在报纸上读到的每件事。定 语从句所修饰的先行词是不定代词everything,应选B。第38题【单项选择题】2009.04 If payment is not received, legal action will be our only.A、aggressionB、advantageC、alternativeD ambition【正确答案】C【答案解析】此题考查词义选择。译文：如果我们收不到付款，那就
42、只好诉诸法 律了。A挑衅、侵犯；B优势、优点；C选择、取舍；D野心、抱负。第39题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】There are many other foods that have traveled from South America tothe Old World. But some others went in the opposite direction. Brazil is now the19【正确答案】D【答案解析】解题步骤：四个选项逐个回到原文对应位置，确认是否正确。第3题【单项选择题】2010.04 We should this in mind: Dont judge a pe
43、rson by his appearance.A、 bearB、putC、placeD、print【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查词汇题。【译文】我们应当牢牢记住：不要以貌取人。详 细解答】牢记在心：bear in mind或者keep in mind第4题【单项选择题】2009.04 Tom has done really amazed everyone in his class.A、WhatB、WhichC、 ThatD、Who【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查主语从句的引导词的选择。译文：汤姆所做的事情使得他 班里的每个同学都感到吃惊。详细解答：what Tom has done指汤姆
44、所做的事情； B哪一个；C （无词义）；D谁。第5题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】One day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a hearing aid. He certainly does/ replied Jill. After hearing about a remarkable new product, Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a hearing aid. No way, I said. It would make m
45、e look 20 years older. No, no, she replied. This is entirely2worlds largest grower of coffee, and coffee is an important crop in Colombia and other South American countries. But it is native to Ethiopia, a country in Africa. It was first made into a drink by Arabs during the lAOOs.Which country is t
46、he largest coffee producer?A、 Brazil.B Colombia.C、Ethiopia.D、Egypt.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答题依据在本段的第三句。Producer与grower意思等同。第40题【单项选择题】【填句补文】Doctors believe that secondhand smoke may cause lung cancer in people who do not smoke because nonsmokers often breathe in the smoke from other peoples cigarettes. . The U
47、S Environmental Protection Agency reports that about 53, 000 people die in the United States each year as a result of exposure to secondhand smoke.A、The risk is even higher for children who live in homes where both parents smoke.B、 In the United States, nine million children under the age of five li
48、ve in homes with at least one smoker.C、 This smoke is called secondhand smoke.D、No one knows for sure why Mr. Gilson has lung cancer.【正确答案】c【答案解析】前一句提到，不吸烟者时常吸入他人香烟中冒出的烟，接下来应首 选对此烟加以定义的句子。第41题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】When our Neolithic ancestors, living in the Middle East about 10,00020 years ago, discovered that certain grasses could be harvested and their seeds planted for richer yields the next season, the first