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1、精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -仁爱英语2022-2022 学年八年级上册期末学问归纳Unit1 Playing SportsTopic1 I m going to play basketball.1. 常见的感官动词有：see, watch, hear, notice, smell等.后可接 动词 ing 形式,表此动作正在发生.如：“观察某人正在做某事” see sb. doing sth 动词原形,不表此动作正在发生, 表此动作已完成或存在的事实.如： 观察某人做了某事” see sdbo. sth.2. hope后可加 hope
2、 to do sth. hope + that从句3. win过去式为 won, winner 成功者 .4. Would you like + to do.表建议或邀请.常用 I d love to或I d be glad 来to回答,可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_不同意也常用 “ I d love to, but来拒绝别”人 .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. cheer sb on 以欢呼 鼓励某人,为某人加油,向某人欢呼后接名词,放在 cheer on的中间和后面都可以.人称代词,就必需放在中间.关掉灯 turn off the light/tur
3、n the light off 关 掉 它 turn it off6. prefer 意为 “更喜爱 ”,其后可接名词、动名词或动词不定式.如：(1) prefer A to B相比 A 更喜爱 B(2) prefer doing A to doing B相比做 A 更喜爱做 B 3prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做 A 而不愿做 B7.与how 构成的疑问词有：How tall 身高 多高 ;how high 山多高.how heavy 多重.how long多长.How wide多宽.How often多常常how deep 多深.how long多久ho
4、w old多大. how + adj.8. play for为某个队效力.9. once a week, 一周一次play against 与某个队竞赛.play with玩某物 /与某人玩twice a week 一周两次可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -three times a week 一周三次four times a week一周
5、四次三次或三次以上用“数字 +times ”扩展：对 once a week提问,要用 how often 提问10. exercise“体操、练习 ”,可数名词.如： do morning exercises; do English exercises“锤炼,运动 ”,不行数名词.如： do exercise“锤炼,运动 ”,动词.如： She exercises every morning.11. be good at= do well in善于于如： I am good at English.= I do well in English.be good for对 有 好 处,Runnin
6、g is good for your health.反义词为： be bad at= do badly in不善于. be bad for 对有害12. make/keep sb./sth. + adj使某人 /某物怎么样 make sb./sth. + do sth.使某人 /某物做某事13. leave +的点“离开某的 ” leave for +的点“动身前往某的” leave + 的点 + for + 的点“离开某的去某的”14. 1 join加入 +（人群,组织）He joined in the game.2 take part in = join in = be in参与 +（活动
7、,竞赛）I ll be in the relay race.We ll join the army.15. grow up长大成人.如：when I grow up, I want to work in Shenzhen.2 grow 过去式为 grew ,做 “生长 ”讲时为不及物动词,做“种植 ”讲时为及物动词.16. 1 spend some time/money in doing sth.花费时间 /金钱做某事spend仍可用于 “spend some time/money on sth.”在某事上花费时间/金钱.如： I spend an hour in practicing Eng
8、lish every day.扩展： take, cost和pay也可指花费,但用法不同. take的主语一般 it固定句型 It takes sb. some time to do sth.表示 “做某事花费某人多少时间”.如： It takes me an hour to do my homework every day. cost的主语必需是 “物”.固定句型 sth. costs sb. some money 结构中.如： 如： The book cost me 30 yuan last week. pay的主语是人, 固定句型 pay. for .可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品
9、_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -如; He paid 5 yuan for this pen.17. 表到达的有：arrive at + 小的名 . arrive in + （大的名） get to + 宾 语 reach + 宾语.Topic 2 We should learn teamwork.1. one of +可数名词复数+ 谓单,译为 “ .之. 一 ”2. W
10、ould you mind not doing sth.你介意 别做某事吗？（礼貌的恳求某人做或别做某事） Would you mind my smoking here. I（常用物主代词my, her, his, our等） PS： 不介意 确定回答： Not at all . / Of course not. / Certainly not. 介意 否定回答： Sorry, I won t. /Yes, please don t. / You d better not.3. keep的用法 : keep sb doing sth.让某人始终做某事 keep + adj保持怎么样4. som
11、ething, anything, nothing 等都是不定代词,当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词或特别疑问词的时候, 修饰词要放在这些被修饰词的后面.something important 重要的事情. Anything else.仍有别的吗？Nothing serious不严峻5. be sorry for表为赔礼,后面接名词、代词、从句或动名词.be sorry to do sth. 愧疚去做某事.6. be sure的用法 be sure to do sth. 确信要做某事（表将来）It s sutorerain. 确定要下雨. be sure +that从句 ,We are sure
12、 that we will win next time. have fun in doing sth 做某事有乐趣7. It is +形容词 for sb. + to do sth.意为 “（对某人而言）做是样的 ” 8. a large number of 大量的很多 , 后接谓语动词复数形式the number of .的数量,后接谓语动词单数形式9. lost为lose的过去式 lose失去. lose one s丧lif命elose输掉lose in the game输掉竞赛 lose迷失. lose one s 迷wa路y .lose oneself in. 迷失于10. finis
13、h doing sth. 完成（做）某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -11. 1 through介词,意为 “通过,穿过 ”,指从物体的中间通过、穿过across介词,意为 “通过,穿过 ”,指从物体的表面通过、穿过Topic3 The school sports meet is coming.1. 合成形容词：1s八百米竞赛800 m
14、etersrace三分钟的路程three minuteswalk2连字符 “-” 男子八百米竞赛800-meter race三分钟的路程three-minute walk2. be in + 活动,表 “参与某活动,相当于 take part in 和 join in3. exciting adj. 意为 “令人兴奋的,令人兴奋的 ”,与其搭配的常是某物 . excited adj. 意为 “感到兴奋的,感到兴奋的 ”,与其搭配的主语通常是人. 类似的词仍有 interesting 和interested, tired 和 tiring 等 4. It s one s first time t
15、o do是st某h.人第一次做如： It s her first time to cook dinner.5. have lots of fun. 此处fun为不行数名词,译为“乐趣 ”形容词为 funny玩得很开心have a good time enjoy oneself have fun doing sth.做某事好玩6. 商定在 .几点make it +时刻留意没有 at make 定,商定.7. can/be able to区分can 用在现在时和过去时 be able to 用于各种时态can和be able to 不能连用Unit2 topic 11. well的用法（ 1） l
16、ook well.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 4 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -look 在这里译作 “看起来 ”,作连系动词,后接形容词.（ 2） sleep well . well通常来说是副词,但是当表示身体好坏时,是形容词.2. What s wrong with you.=What s the matter/trouble with you.3. sugge
17、st/advise suggest doing advise to dosuggestion 可数名词 advice不行数名词advise动词4. enough修饰名词enough+名词修饰 形容词 /副词形容词 /副词+enough+ 名词“形前名后 ”5. 表建议或劝说had better not do sth.最好（不）做某事should not do sth.（不）应当做某事6. medicine/piltake medicine吃/ 服药 片medicine 不行数have/take pills吃/ 服药 片pill 可数7. too much +不行数名词,表“太多”too man
18、y+ 可数名词复数much too +形容词,表“太”candy为不行数名词,做糖的种类时就可数了.8. 想要做某事feel like doing sth. would like to do sth9. lie 的用法lie躺layie 撒谎lied可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -laylied.10. help sb. with sth
19、.帮忙某人某事help with sth.帮忙某事help sb. to do sth.帮忙某人做某事 with the help of = with one s help在的帮忙下 ask sb. for help = turn to sb.向某人寻求帮忙11. leave(1) leave作为 n. 时,意为 “休假 ” 请两周假ask for two weeks leave = ask for-waetweko leave请假(2) leave作为 v. 时,意为 “离开.留下 ”.leave for动身去某的leave a message留言take a message捎口信= giv
20、e sb. a messageTopic2 I must ask him to give up smoking.1. worry 用法 .v.worry about担忧e.g. Don t worry about me. I am fine.adj. worried担忧的 , be worried about担忧e.g. He was worried about the test.2. watch主要用于观看电视节目、球赛、嬉戏和话剧,强调动作 see 与watch都可以用于观看竞赛、电视节目、演出、电影等,但see强调结果 read主要用于读书、看报 look强调动作,不及物动词常与at搭配
21、使用3. Staying up late be bad for your health.此处动名词短语在句中作主语,谓语动词用单数.4. put into把丢进put away 整理put up 粘贴,悬挂.举起put on 穿上,上映put off推迟5. give up + doing sth.舍弃做某事可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - -
22、-give up sth.舍弃某东西give up接人称代词时放在两词中间I don t like history, so I want to give it up.6.It s necessary for sth.对来说是很有必要的It s + necessary + for sb. to do sth.对某人来说 做某事有必要It s + adj. + for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说 做某事是怎么样的7. Be careful not to eat too much salt or sugar.否定句中常用or代替 and表示和的意思【拓展】意为 “否就,不然 ”,用于警
23、告或忠告8. as soon as 意为 “一就” 可用（主将从现）We will go back to school as soon as the summer holiday is over.9. But his mother made him taste it.make sb./sth. + adj使某人 /某物怎么样 make sb./sth. + do sth.使某人 /某物做某事10. suprise用法【拓展】surprise 动词,意为 “使惊讶 ”be surprised to do sth. be surprised at sth.surprise 名词,意为 “惊奇 ”1
24、1. such as/for exampleLunch: rice with a lot of meat such as chicken. beef, etc.such as后接名词或短语He knows many languages such as Chinese, English , Russian and French. for example后接句子He is a good boy for example he often helps his mother with the housework.Topic3 Must we exercise to prevent the flu.12.
25、 as.as possible 尽可能尽可能快as soon as possible尽可能早as early as possible13. prevent sb. from doing sth.阻挡某人做某事,此处from 可省略. stop/keep sb. from doing sth.阻挡某人做某事,此处from 不行省略.14. afraid形容词,可怕的,担忧的,唯恐可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资
26、料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -可怕做某事be afraid to do sth. be afraid of doing sth.15. 让: make/getmake/get sb/sth doing sth“让某人 / 某物始终做 get sb to do sth“使某人做某事”get + adj.“变得”16.instead of 是介词短语,后接名词、代词和动名词,放在句中句首都可以take the place of 是动词词组,作谓语,放在句中Unit3 topic 11. “喜爱做某事 ” enjoy likelove+ doing sth.
27、be fond ofbe interested in2. + 动词原形 Why not=why don t you, would you please,had better, make, let,help 后+动词原形3. maybe/ may be.maybe: 副词,意思是“或许、可能 ”may be: may情态动词, be是动词原形,意为“或许是、可能是”.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_如： Maybe she ll come this afternoon她.可能今日下午来.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_He may be in the office
28、.实战演练：请用maybe/may/may be填空王诗龄is crying. she is hungry now.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -王诗龄is crying.she be hungry now.王诗龄is crying.she hungry now.4. Must 提问,否定回答用needn 和t don t have t
29、oEg: He isn t in his bedroom. He must be in the study room.实战演练The bookToms. It has his name on it.A. must beB. may beC. can t beD. can be5. used to过“去常常 ” 否定句“ didn t use to do”Beget used to doing习惯6. “供应 ”provide sb. with sth. provide sth. for sb.7. and he doesn t mwinhdether they are good or not.
30、whether .or not是否whether 固定搭配or notif是否Topic 2 What sweet music.1.v. sound系动词+ adj./ n.“听起来” Hear 听见listen to听n. sound声音e.g.The story sounds interesting.I heard a strange sound.4. lend“借给别人 ” lend sb. sth. 或 lend sth. to sb. 过去式 lent borrow“向别人借 ” borrow sth. from sb.keep“保持,保留 ” 连续性动词keep + 一段时间,回答
31、how long 引导的特别疑问句中5. 三餐球类不加冠词,西洋乐器+theplay + the +乐器e.g.play the violin / drum / piano / guitarplay +球类名词e.g.play basketball / volleyball / baseball / soccer / football6. 最喜爱：like.best. 最喜爱= be . favorite可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - -
32、 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -e.g. Liu Ming like Pop music best. = Pop music is Liu Ming s favorite.7. be famous for因而闻名be famous as以某种身份而闻名e.g. Suzhou is famous for the gardens.苏州以园林而著称.She is famous as a woman scientist.她作为一名女科学家扬名天下.8. be born 诞生于be born in +的点诞生于某的9. in/on/at
33、 区分in + 年、月、季节、泛指某天早上中午下午on + 详细的某一天星期 at+时间点10. at the age of . 在某人岁时,相当于 when he / she was . years old.Topic 3 What were you doing at this time yesterday.1. when/while(1) 此处 while = when意为“当的时候 ”,引导时间状语从句.拓展： when 与 while区分连续性动词（表示一段时间）【从句用进行时】when +短暂性动词（表示一个时间点）【从句用一般过去时或一般现在时】while +连续性动词【从句用进行
34、时】While / When I was having supper, someone knocked at the door. When you leave the room, please turn off the lights.（ 2） while: 然而2.call sb. up ring sb. upphone sb.give sb. a ring“打电话给某人” call sb. at + 电话号码3.not . until .“到时候才.在以前不” 4.agree 动词,意为agree with sb.“同意,应允”.反义词为 disagree,名词 agreement/disa
35、greement“同意某人的观点”agree to do sth.“同意做某事 ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 10 页,共 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -agree on / about sth.“关于某事取得一样看法” 5. A+ 序数词,表示“又一,再一 ” the+序数词 “第几 ”6. tooto意为 “太以至不能”So.that如此“.以至于 ”7. stop do
36、ing sth.“停止做某事 ” （停止正在做的事）stop to do sth.“停下来去做某事”（停下目前做的事去做另一件事）拓展： stop sb. from doing sth.“阻挡某人做某事”Unit 4Our WorldTopic 1 Which do you like better, plants or animals .1. think about摸索,考虑 think of认为,想起 think over认真考虑2. Much a littleeven+ 比较级 ,表程度3. 复数变化sheep sheepdeer deerGoose、tooth, foot 的复数要： g
37、eese、 teeth、feet.mouse的复数： micechild 的复数 children4. another/other/others/the otherother + 名词复数= others 其他的,the other 两者中另一个another 多者另一个Another+ 数字 =数字加 +more “再几个 ”可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_5. As we know = It s known tha众t所周知可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_It s believed that人们信任拓展It s said that据说It s reporte
38、d that据报道(1) coverv. 掩盖,遮盖,掩盖n. 罩,盖子,掩盖物coverwith用掩盖(2) 反义词 discoverv. 发觉（已存在但不为人所知）6. 1 当hundred, thousand, million, billion等表示不确定的数目时,常用复数形式,后面跟介词of ,成百上千hundreds of成千上万thousands of 2当hundred, thousand, million, billion等与详细数词连用时,就不用复数形式.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_学习资料 名师精选 - - - - - - - - - -第 11 页,共
39、 24 页 - - - - - - - - - -可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_资料word 精心总结归纳 - - - - - - - - - - - -如： five thousand五千seven million七百万7. play an important part in doing sth.在中起着重要的作用8. diev. 死,死亡（过去式died, 现在分词 dying ） deadadj.死的deathn. 死亡die out灭亡,消逝9. feedv.喂养,饲养（过去式fed） feed on“以为食 ”feed sth. to sb./sth.“把喂给吃”feed sb./sth. with sth.“拿来喂”10. danger n. 危急dangerous adj. 危急的in danger 意为 “处在危急中 ”.反义词为： out of danger 脱离危急Topic 2 How can we protect ourselves from the earthquake.1. more than= over表示 ”多于 ” 2. turn off意为 ”关掉 煤气、电器开关等 ”, turn on打开, turn up开大, turn down 关小Unit4 topic3可编辑资