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1、精品_精品资料_专项：情态动词一 考点 ： 情态动词的用法和辨析, 情态动词表示估计和可能, 由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答.二 类型 ： 1 只是情态动词： can, could, may, might, must2 可做情态动词,可做实义动词：need, dare3 可做情态动词,可做助动词：will, would, shall, should4 特别： have to, ought to, used to三 特点 ： 1 有肯定的词义,但不能单独作谓语,必需与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语.2 无人称和数的变化. （ have to除外）Eg: He has to stay here.3
2、 后接动词原形.4 具有助动词作用,可构成否定,疑问或简短回答.四 用法 ：1. can 表示才能, “能,会 ”.Eg : Can you play basketball. 表示怀疑,推测,常用于否定句或疑问句.Eg :Li hua cant be in the classroom. 表示恳求,答应,多用于口语,译“可以 ”= may.Eg: you can go now. can 开头的疑问句,确定句,否定句用can 或 can t.2. could can 的过去式,表示过去的才能.Eg:Icouldswim when I was seven years old. could开头的疑问句
3、, 确定和否定回答用could,couldn t 假如 could表示现在的委婉,用can 回答. Eg: Could I have a drink. Yes, you can.3. may 表示估计, “可能,或许 ”,用于确定句.Eg: He may come tomorrow. 表示恳求, “许可 , 可以 ”.Eg: May I borrow your book.注：表示恳求,许可时,主语为第一人称的一般疑问句,否定回答用mustnt “不行以,禁止,不许 ”, 不用 may not “可能不 ”.表示希望. Eg :May you success.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品
4、_精品资料_4. might表示 “可以 ”,用于过去时中.Eg: He told me I might smoke in the room.用于现在时,表示说话更委婉,礼貌.Eg:He might be doinghislessons now.5. must 表示 “必需,应当 ”.表示估计,常用在确定句中,表“肯定 ”. Eg: There is someone knocking at the door. It must be Jim. 否定句中, mustn t表示禁止,“不答应”.以 must 开头的疑问句,确定句回答用must, 否定回答用 neednt ,表示“不需要,不必” =“
5、 dont have to” .表示“偏偏” .Eg: Must you play the piano at this time.6. need 情态动词： +do, 用 need 提问或回答, 确定句回答用 must , 否定句回答用 neednt.Eg: You neednt come to school so early.实义动词： +to do ,用助动词提问和否定. +doing表示被动. neednt have done表示没必要做某事但是做了.Eg: I actually neednt have bought so much wine.7. dare情态动词,多用于疑问句,否定句
6、,条件句中.Eg: Im afraid you dare not to do such a thing.注：I dare say习惯说成 “或许, 我想”.Eg:Itwillrainthisafternoon, I dare say.实义动词： dare to do ,用于确定句中,当用于否定句或疑问句时,to可以省略. Eg: This student doesnt dare to raise any question in class.8. shall 用于第一人称表示征求看法,询问.Eg: Shall I open the window.Shall we have lunch here.
7、表示说话人的态度, “命令,警告,承诺,威逼” .Eg: You shall finish your homework first.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_ 用于第三人称, 在条约, 规定, 法令等文件中表示义务或规定,“应当, 必需”.（不常用）9. should 表示义务,责任“应当” .Eg: We should obey traffic laws. 作为 shall过去式,用于第一三人称,表示征求看法.Eg: Mr Lee asked ifhe shouldget his visa. 表示“竟然” . Eg: Its unthinkable that the b
8、oy should sing such a beautiful song. 表示说话人的特别情感,如诧异,愤慨,扫兴等.Eg: How should Iknow.表示劝说,建议, “应当”. Eg: You should listen to your teacher.10. will用于其次人称表示询问,恳求,也可以表达现在的“意愿”.Eg: Will you pass me the book. 表示意愿,打算, 承诺, 用于各种人称.Eg:I willtrymy best to help you. 表示规律性的“注定会” . Eg: People will die without air o
9、r water.11. would 表示过去的意愿或委婉询问.Eg: Would you tell me the way to the station.12. have to“必需,不得不” ,强调客观需要,含有时态的变化.Eg: Ill have to ask Jim instead. 区分： must 表示“必需,应当“,主观看法.13. ought to 表示职责,义务或要求,及人们应当去做的正确的事或好事.Eg: Humans ought to stop polluting nature. 比 should语气强, ought to反映客观情形, should 表示主观看法. ough
10、t to have done本应当做而没有做.Eg: You are late. You ought to have arrived five minutes earlier.14. used to表示“过去经常,过去是“,没有人称和数的变化,可以和过去的时间状语连用.否定形式：usednt to或 didn t use to ,疑问词将use提前或可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_Did use to.Eg: He didnt use to be so careless. 区分 would :带有主观性,并且现在做不做不知道.Used to :客观性,和现在进行对比,过去经常,
11、现在就不怎么做了.Eg: He would phone me on Sunday.Eg: I used to be very fond of music when I was young. 区分： be used to doing（情态动词）习惯于 Used to do（情态动词）过去是,过去经常 Be used to do 过去式 被用来做 Eg: I am already used to noisy city life here.My parents used to live in South America.This machine is used to cut up waste pap
12、er.15. 其他 ： had better do最好做某事 Eg: You had better stay at home.否定： had better not do be able to与 can表示才能时用法相同,但前者有时态的变化,有才能胜利做某事.Eg: We will be able to come back next week.完形填空Have you ever seen the advertisement: Learn a foreign language in six weeks, 1 give your money back. Of course, it2 happens
13、quite like that. Theonly language 3 to learn is the mother language. And think4 practice isneeded for that. Before the Second World War people usually learned a foreignlanguage 5 the literature 文学 of the country. Nowmost people want to 6 a foreign language. Every year millions of people start learni
14、ng 7 .How do they do it. Some people try at home 8 books and tapes, others go toevening classes or watch TV programs. 9 theyuse the language only 2 or 3 times a week, learning it will 10 a long time, like language learning at school. A few people try to learn a language fast by studying for 6 or11 h
15、ours a day. Itsmuch easier to learn the language in the country where it12. But most people are13todo this,and many peopledonthave todo so.Machines and good books willbe very14,buttheycan notdo thestudentswork.15thelanguageis learned quickly or slowly, it is hard work.1. A. soB. orC. andD. but2. A.
16、can tB. impossibleC. neverD. often可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载精品_精品资料_3. A. easilyB. difficultC. ableD. easy4. A. how muchB. how longC. how fastD. how many5. A. studiedB. to studyC. studyingD. study6. A. talkB. tellC. speakD. say7. A. themB. thisC. thatD. it8. A. withoutB. withC. inD. by9. A. IfB. WhenC. SinceD
17、. Until10. A. spendB. useC. takeD. cost11. A. someB. moreC. otherD. less12. A. speaksB. is speakingC. spokeD. is spoken13. A. ableB. possibleC. unableD. not possible14. A. carefulB. forgetfulC. wonderfulD. helpful15. A. eitherB. whetherC. whatD. how专题练习： 一挑选题1. Itisusuallywarm inmy hometown inMarch,
18、but it be rathercoldsometimes.A. mustB. canC. shouldD. would2. Yoube hungry already - you had lunch only two hours ago.A. wouldntB. cantC. mustntD. neednt3. - What do you think we can do for our aged parents.- Youdo anything except to be with them and be yourself.A. dont have toB. oughtnt toC. mustn
19、tD. cant4. John promisedhisdoctorhenotsmoke. And he has never smoked ever since.A. mightB. shouldC. couldD. would5. What a pity. Considering his ability and experience, hebetter.A. need have doneB. must have doneC. can have doneD. might have done6. Lizawell not want to go on the trip - she hates tra
20、veling.A. willB. canC. mustD. may7. Shehave left school, for her bike is still here.A. can tB. wouldntC. shouldntD. neednt8. Accordingto the airtrafficrules,youswitchoffyour mobilephone before boarding.A. mayB. canC. wouldD. should9. -I can t findmy purse anywhere.-You have lostitwhileshopping.可编辑资料 - - - 欢迎下载