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1、限时小卷04 （阅读CD+完形填空+语法填空+应用文） 限时：35分钟 第一节阅读理解C（2022四川内江三模）Vostok Station is a Russian weather station in Antarctica, which is widely known for having the coldest temperature ever recorded on Earth: -89. 2. But last Friday, Vostok set another record, this time for its warmest March temperature ever: -1
2、8 , 15 warmer than average.Other areas in Antarctica were even hotter. A nearby weather station was 37 higher than average. Some places here were expected to be as much as 50 warmer than normal.Scientists said, “At this time of year, Antarctica is losing 25 minutes of daylight every day, and should
3、be getting colder instead of warmer. ” But an atmospheric river“ of warm, wet air hit Antarctica last Tuesday. This kind of weather pattern isnt that unusual. But once it got to Antarctica, it was blocked from leaving by a high pressure system called a pressure dome”. Scientists say its too early to
4、 say if this event was caused by climate change. But they say theyre watching carefully to see if this is a one-time event or part of a new pattern.On the other hand, winter is just now ending at the North Pole, which means the sun hasnt been shining there fbr about six months. But that hasnt stoppe
5、d the Arctic from having a heat wave. Temperatures in the Arctic are about 14 higher than normal. Some areas have seen temperatures as much as 28 above average. Scientists are paying great attention to the weather here. In fact, the Arctic is warming two to three times faster than the rest of the pl
6、anet, and warming events seem increasingly common in recent years. There are concerns that this pattern will continue and that the melting （融化） of ice here will increase.Scientists explained, this time, the very specific cause for the Arctic heat wave: a “bomb cyclone”, a storm that gathers great st
7、rength very quickly. This one formed over the east coast of North America, and headed north. The pressure inside this storm system fell sharply, pulling an atmospheric river of wet warm air toward the North Pole.1. What has Vostok Station done lately?A. It has moved to the coldest place in the world
8、.B. It has teamed up with a nearby weather station.C. Its monitored an extremely abnormal temperature.D. Tfs finished the temperature records fbr Antarctica.9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过去，环卫工人在宿舍附近的垃圾桶旁边分类垃圾，产生一种令人作呕 的气味。A. smelling 闻起来；B. generating 产生，引起；C. eliminating 消除；D. generalizing 归纳， 概括。根据“sanitation w
9、orkers sorted the garbage next to the trash cans”可知，环卫工人在宿舍附近的垃 圾桶旁边分类垃圾会产生令人作呕的气味。应选B。10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：刮风的时候，垃圾被吹得到处都是，我们总是捂着鼻子绕过垃圾桶。A. skirted 环绕的四周;B. migrated 迁移；C. flew 飞；D. hung 悬挂。根据“1 a disgustingodor.”和“around it”可知，刮风的时候，学生们总是捂着鼻子绕过垃圾桶。应选A。11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自2020年5月1日北京市生活垃圾处理指导意见修订实施以来，许 多学生
10、看到自己的校园焕然一新，变得更舒适、更整洁、更有吸引力。A. proposed提议；B. celebrated 庆祝；C. implemented 实施，执行；D. issued 出版,发表。revised guideline on household waste disposal in Beijing”可知，此处表示北京市生活垃圾处理指导意见修订实施。应选C。12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在北京第二十中学，每层楼都有回收垃圾的垃圾桶，值班的学生们将绞 尽脑汁把垃圾变成现金。A. action行动；B. cash现金；C.garbage垃圾桶，废物；D.waste浪费。根 据下文“We ha
11、ve raised 100,000 yuan （$15,760） of charity funds by encouraging students and their parents to recycle waste（通过鼓励学生和家长回收垃圾，我们筹集了 10万元（15760美元）的慈善基金）”可知, 此处表示把垃圾变成现金。应选B。13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“在担任垃圾分拣站站长之前，我接受了垃圾分类方面的培训。我的工作 是提醒大家对垃圾进行分类，最大限度地回收利用。”该校学生丁淑怡（音译）说。A. extent程度，范 围；B. element 要素；C. extension 延长
12、；D. initiative 建议。根据Myjob is to remind everyone to classify waste”可知，提醒大家对垃圾进行分类是为了最大限度地回收利用，t。the extent为固定短语，表示 “到达的程度”。应选A。14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着中国推进“双减”教育政策，旨在减轻中小学生的家庭作业和课外辅 导负担，通过各种创新方法，将垃圾分类的理解融入到学术教学中。A. forward向前；B.around在周 围；C. roughly 粗略地，大致；D. blindly 盲目地。根据the double reduction9 education po
13、licy”可知， 此处表示中国推进“双减”教育政策，push forward为固定短语，意为“推进: 应选A。15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. decisive决定性的，关键的；B.excessive过度的；C.inclusive包 括的；D. academic学术的。根据上文“ease the burden”可知，学生家庭作业量过度。应选B。16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们的语文老师鼓励学生以垃圾分类为主题写诗，数学老师那么引导学生 以节约用水等主题做数学题，而我们的音乐老师和学生们一起编排了一段垃圾分类舞蹈，”首都通 州区郊区一所小学的校长左春云（音）说。A. schedu
14、led安排，预定；B.integrated成为一体；C. proposed 提议；D. themed 以 为主题。根据math teachers lead them to do math on topics such as water conservation”可知，此处表示语文老师鼓励学生以垃圾分类为主题写诗。应选D。17. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：左还说，高年级的学生将参与垃圾分类工程，并以手写报纸和思维导图 的形式制定解决方案。A. instructions指示；B. distributions分布，分配；C. solutions解决方案；D. anticipations 预期。根据“i
15、n the form of handwritten newspapers and mind maps”可知，高年级的学生以 手写报纸和思维导图的形式制定解决方案。应选C。18. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：该校校长王丽萍表示：“垃圾可以转化为资源JA. sources来源；B. supplies 供应；C.demands要求；D. resources资源。根据上文“recycle to the best 5，”可知,最大限度的回收利用可以将垃圾转化为资源。应选D。19. 考查形容词词义辨析-。句意：清华大学教授刘建国表示，垃圾分类的实施有赖于社会的广泛参与和 不懈努力,这有利于促进社会文明。A.
16、intensive加强的，集中的;B. aggressive有进取心的;C. successive 连续的，相继的；D. extensive 广泛的。根据participation and unremitting efforts of society”可知，垃圾 分类的实施有赖于社会的广泛参与和不懈努力。应选D。20. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. promotion促进，提升；B.intervention干涉,介入；C. addition 力口 ； D. communication 交流。 根据下文“Wide participation of students and school st
17、aff will help promote garbage sorting to become a new fashion in society/ adds Liu.（“学生和学校工作人员的广泛参与将有助 于推动垃圾分类成为社会的一种新时尚，”刘补充说。户可知，垃圾分类的实施这有利于促进社会文 明。应选A。21. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：官方数据显示，北京90%以上的居民参与了垃圾分类，约85%的居民能 够准确地对垃圾进行分类。A. accurately精确地；B. narrowly狭窄地；C.broadly广泛地；D. scarcely 几乎不。根据下文“Our next move will
18、 be more precise supervision of groups that did 15 poorer jobs in sorting out garbage,可知，此处表示85%的居民能够准确地对垃圾进行分类。应选A。22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但相关部门仍在努力进一步提高这一比例。A. participating参加；B. supervising监督；C. striving努力，奋斗；D. negotiating谈判。上文提到官方数据显示垃圾分类已经 取得成效，结合“Bu俨和“tofiirther raise the rati。”可知，相关部门仍在努力进一步提高参与人数和垃
19、圾 分类的精确性。应选C。23. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：北京市城市管理委员会的一名工作人员表示：“我们的下一步行动将是对 垃圾分类工作相对较差的群体进行更精确的监督。A. fantastically空想地，难以置信地；B. relatively 相对地;C. deliberately 故意地；D. densely 密集地。根据poorer jobs in sorting out garbage”可知I,此 处表示是对垃圾分类工作相对较差的群体进行更精确的监督。应选Bo24. determination. ending25. themselveshad been viewed26. relat
20、edCountless27. urgedwith28. thewho【解析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了 2022年3月12日，中国女足集合了她们所有的决心和技能，最终 赢得了比赛，结束了 16年的等待，赢得了亚洲杯。“钢铁玫瑰”的胜利完全主导了中国社交媒体上的 讨论。24. 考查名词。句意：2022年3月12日，中国女足集合了她们所有的决心和技能，最终赢得了比赛，结 束了 16年的等待，赢得了亚洲杯。作宾语，表示“决心”应用名词determination,不可数。故填 determination。25. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2022年3月12日，中国女足集合了她们所有的决心和技能，最终赢得
21、了比 赛，结束了 16年的等待，赢得了亚洲杯。分析句子结构可知end在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻 辑主语the Chinese womens soccer team构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填endingo 26.考查反身代词。句意：运发动们打败了他们的对手和自己。此处指打败“他们自己”应用反身代词 themselveso 故填 themselves。27. 考查时态语态。句意：一项调查显示，“中国女队赢得亚洲杯”这一话题的浏览量已达数十亿次。此处 “浏览”发生在revealed之前，即故“过去的过去。且主语与谓语构成被动关系，故用过去完成时的被 动语态。填 had been vi
22、ewedo28. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，这只是微博上10个与女足相关的热门话题之一。此处为短语be related to,表示“与有关”,省略be动词，用过去分词作定语。故填related。29. 考查形容词。句意：无数激动的人评论说：“整个团队配得上每一个表扬修饰名词people,表示“无 数的”应用形容词countless,作定语，句首单词首字母要大写。故填Countless。30. 考查时态。句意：在她们获胜后，媒体和专家呼吁对女子网球的开展给予更大的支持。描述过去发 生的事情应用一般过去时。故填urged。31. 考查介词。句意：到目前为止，一些中国公司已经采取行动，乳业巨头蒙牛
23、集团向该团队赠送了 1000 万元作为奖励。分析句子可知，此处“a dairy giant Mengniu Group gifting the team 10 million yuan”作状语是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。故填Witho考查冠词。句意：现在的工作是继续恢复过去的辉煌，以及提高国内青年训练水平，以使国家有更 好的机会培养出更多的优秀球员。此处特指“国内青年训练水平”应用定冠词the。故填the。32. 考查定语从句。句意：女足有很强的精神和技巧，她们是我们的典范！此处为非限制性定语从句修 饰先行词The womerTs soccer team,先行词在从句中作主语，指人，
24、故用关系代词who引导。故填 whOo33. My Favorite After-school ActivityAmong the colorful after-school activities in our school, I like dancing best. I have been in a school dance club since the first week I came studying here.After school we practise dancing on a regular basis, which helps me connect with others
25、and greatly enriches my campus life. I love dancing because it is more than just moving my body for fun and joy. It is a way to relieve stress and enjoy life. Besides, mastering any style of dance takes hard work, determination and patience, which shape me into a better person. I would not be who I
26、am today without dancing after school.【解析】这是一篇应用文。要求考生就主题为“我最喜爱的课后活动”，写一篇短文向英文报投稿。【详解】.词汇积累丰 富的：colorfiil一abundant丰富，扩大：enrich一enlarge缓解：relievealleviate而且：besidesfurthermore1 .句式拓展简单句变复合句原句： Among the colorful after-school activities in our school, I like dancing best.拓展句： Among the colorful after-
27、school activities in our school, I like dancing best, which helps me a lot.【点睛】高分句型1After school we practise dancing on a regular basis, which helps me connect with others and greatly enrichesmy campus life.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）高分句型2Besides, mastering any style of dance takes hard work, determinati
28、on and patience, which shape me into abetter person.（运用了 which引导的非限制性定语从句）2. What have scientists changed concerning the temperatures in Antarctica?A. Their expectations about its climate system.B. Their impression of the Antarctic seasons.C. Their ideas of forming a pressure dome.D. Their attitude
29、toward climate change.3. Why are scientists watching the weather in the Arctic closely?A. Its winter ends earlier than usual.B. Warming events occur more frequently.C , The melting of ice is more serious this year.D. The temperature is higher than that in Antarctica.4. What did scientists think of t
30、he Arctic heat wave this time?A. Controllable.B. Predictable.C. Adaptable.D. Understandable.D（2022山东聊城二模）The world is going through a basic transformation, which is changing the way we live, work and think. The Fourth Industrial Revolution is bringing dramatic change and giving rise to a future fill
31、ed with exciting opportunities and new challenges. Together governments and businesses must find solutions to societys most pressing needsfrom creating a carbon-free economy to tackling population growth and urbanization.In any period of rapid change there is a trend to look for a simple method, to
32、greet the new things and replace the old way of doing things. But a close look at the facts tells a different story. Complex problems require many solutions working in harmony to enable positive change.The challenge fbr scientists and the engineers is to provide solutions in fact, data and todays re
33、alities. And while technologies offer new tools to help uncover solutions, the process also requires hard work, imagination and lots of improvement.Success rests on performing practical, realistic, long-term solutions that make the world cleaner, safer and more sustainable.The environment is a case
34、in point. Much of the public debate has centered on the central role ofrenewable power sources in realizing a low-carbon energy future. While the industry is fully behind the developing renewables, today we understand a low or zero-carbon future depends on adopting a multifaceted approach.We cannot
35、control sunshine levels or decide when the wind blows, which means solar power and wind power generators will produce too much or too little energy at times. The transition to renewables needs to take account of serious considerations.Batteries have been much discussed as a means of storing extra en
36、ergy, but there are other choices. Power-to-X technologies enable spare energy created by renewables to be stored and redistributed when and where it is needed.5. Whafs the main idea of paragraph 2?A. Societys dramatic change calls for simple methods.B. Old means of doing things should be replaced b
37、y new ones.C. Society needs positive change for development.D. Some problems should be solved in combined ways.6. What does the author expect scientists and engineers to do?A. Offer new tools to uncover solutions.B. Tackle population growth.C. Work hard with imagination.D. Make the world better with
38、 a simple method.7. Whafs the authors attitude to the consumption of the solar power and wind power?A. Uncertain.B. Cautious.C. Unconfident. D. Doubtful.8. Which of the following is the advantage of Power-to-X technologies?A. They can adjust power supply.B. They can conserve energy.C. They help make
39、 more electricity.D. They can create power from wind and sun.第二节完形填空（2022上海徐）匚二模） With vigorous promotion and extensive participation over the past two years,waste sorting is a new trend that has reshaped the image of campuses across Beijing.“In the past, sanitation workers sorted the garbage next t
40、o the trash cans near the dormitory, 9 a disgusting odor. On windy days, the trash was blown everywhere and we always 10 around it with our hands covering our noses J says Sun Jiajing, a sophomore at Beijing Forestry University. Now, we are more active in classifying waste.”Since a revised guideline
41、 on household waste disposal in Beijing was 11 on May 1, 2020, many students have seen their campuses take on a new look that is more pleasant, tidy and appealing.At Beijing Forestry University, about one in four students are trash-sorting volunteers.In the Beijing No 20 High School, bins to recycle
42、 waste are placed on each floor and students on duty will set their wits to turning trash into 12.“I received training on trash classification before taking on the role as head of the trash-sorting station. My job is to remind everyone to classify waste and recycle to the best 13 J says Ding Shuyi,
43、a student at the school.As China pushes 14 the double reduction education policy, which aims to ease the burden of 15 homework and off-campus tutoring for primary and middle school students, understanding of waste sorting has been fused into academic teaching via various innovative approaches.“Our C
44、hinese teachers encourage students to write poetries 16 on waste classification, math teachers lead them to do math on topics such as water conservation, while our music teachers choreographed a waste sorting9 dance with the students/9 says Zuo Chunyun, principal of a primary school in the suburban
45、Tongzhou district of the capital.Zuo adds that students in senior classes will join trash-sorting projects and map out 17 in the form of handwritten newspapers and mind maps. Decorations made from recycled materials are exhibited in the schooEs corridors.The same scene can be seen in Qianjin Primary
46、 School, Haidian district. Garbage can be turned into18 J says Wang Liping, the principal. “We have raised 100,000 yuan ($15,760) of charity fundsby encouraging students and their parents to recycle waste, and the money was used to purchase movie screens for schools in Hotan, Xinjiang/9According to
47、Liu Jianguo, a professor at Tsinghua University, the implementation of garbage sorting depends on the 19 participation and unremitting efforts of society, which is conducive to the 20 of social civilization.“Wide participation of students and school staff will help promote garbage sorting to become
48、a newfashion in societyadds Liu.Official data shows that over 90 percent of the residents in Beijing have participated in waste classification, and about 85 percent can 2j categorize the garbage. But still, relevant departmentsare 22 to further raise the ratio.“Our next move will be more precise supervision of groups that did 23 poorer jobs in sorting outgarbage,“ says a staffer with the Beijing Municipal Commission of Urban Management.9. A. smelling10. A. skirted11. A. proposed12. A. action13. A. extent14. A. forward15. A. decisive16. A. scheduled17. A. instructions18. A. source