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1、汇分析形化 词部辨词变 望2019学年度人教版选修八Unit 2 Cloning PeriodlReading学案 单元要点预览（旨在让同学整体了解本单元要点）1. aloud / loud / loudly 2. obtain / acquire / gain / earn / achieve1. object vi.不赞成；反对 objection n.不赞成；反对popular adj.流行的，通俗的，广受欢迎的 popularity n.普及；流行；名 popularize vt,使普及，使流行3. resist v.抵（反）抗，抵抗 resistance n.抵抗力,对抗 resis
2、tant n.抵抗者 adj.对抗的，耐的4. decorate vt.装饰，装璜 decoration n.装饰（品） 装璜5. reason n.原因；理性V.分析，推论（理）；劝告reasonable adj.通情达理的；合理的unreasonable adj. 不合理的；荒唐的 重占 =TZ 八、单词 1. differ vi.不同；相异undertake vt. （undertook; undertaken）着手；从事；承当；同意，容许2. forbid vt. （forbade or forbad; forbidden）禁止；不准；阻止阻碍accumulate vt.&vi.积累；
3、聚积3. owevt,欠；应该把归功于；感激，感恩retire vi.退休（役）；退出,撤退;就寝6. bother vt.打搅vi.操心n.烦扰obtain vt.（正式；尤指通过努力或计划）获得；得到重点词组 L pay off得到好结果，取得成功（常用主动态）；偿清债款；付清工资解雇in favor of赞成；支持；对有利2. be bound to do 一定； 注定（做）be in good/poor/excellent condition 处於好的、坏的、极佳的状况重,点句型 1. The fact that she seemed to develop normally was v
4、ery encouraging.重点语法同位语从句（见语法局部）语言要点（模块）I .词语辨析（旨在提供完形填空所需材料）aloud / loud / loudly【解释】aloud adv.重点在于“出声”（能被人听见，但声音不一定很大），通常与read等 词连用:read aloud朗读，读出声shout/call/laugh aloud大声叫喊/笑loud作形容词时意为“大声的。作副词时特指（谈笑等）“大声地”，常用比拟级 形式；loudly ”大声地，吵闹地”，强调声音喧闹、不悦耳，与quietly相对【练习】用aloud, loud, loudly的适当形式填空。1) . The t
5、eacher asked me to read the poem.2) . The radio isnt enough. Could you turn it up a little?3) . I could hear people over there talking with each other about the news.4) . Could you speak?1. obtain / acquire / gain / earn / achieve【解释】obtain意为“获得，买到。指通过努力或请求而得到，含有满足要求或得到达 目的的意味，用于正式语体中。acquire意为“经过努力
6、逐步获得才能、知识、习惯等，也可用于对财物等的获 得”，强调“一经获得就会长期持有”的含义。gain意为“通过较大努力获得某种利益或好处；亦可指军事上的武力夺取等二earn意为“挣得，赢得”。指因工作等而得到报酬或待遇。achieve意为“得到；获得”，多指成就、目标、幸福的取得。【练习】用obtain, acquire, gain, earn, achieve的适当形式填空。1) . How much do you a week?2) . The movie star success and wealth.3) . He experience through practice.4) . It
7、 is through learning that the individul many habitual ways of reacting tosituations.5) . An investor by buying stocks that go up in value.IL词性变化(旨在提供语法填空所需材料)object vi.不赞成；反对 objection n.不赞成；反对1. popular adj.流行的，通俗的，广受欢迎的popularity n.普及；流行；名望popularize vt,使普及，使流行resist v.抵(反)抗，抵抗 resistance n.抵抗力，对抗
8、resistant n.抵抗者adj.对抗的，耐的decorate vt.装饰，装璜decoration n.装饰(品)装璜reason n.原因；理性V.分析，推论(理)；劝告reasonable adj.通情达理的；合理的unreasonable adj.不合理的；荒唐的【练习】用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空。1) . I strongly object to(treat) like a child.2) . If no one has any(object), I will declare the meeting closed us with hope.3) . The no-smoki
9、ng policy was introduced with little(resist) from staff.4) . When will they finish the(decorate) of the bathroom?5) . The building(decorate) with flags., the event was a great success.6) . Dont let your boss make(reason) demands on you.7) . The presidents(popular) has declined considerably.8) . The
10、President is very(popularize) with Jewish voters.m.重点词汇(旨在提供词汇综合运用所需材料)differ vi.不同；相异 difference n.不同之处 different adj.不同的典例. Their house differs from mine in having no garage.他们的房子与我的不同，区 别在于他们的没有起车库。1) . The two sides still differ with each other over the question of pay. 双方在报酬的 问题上仍各持己见。重点用法A dif
11、fers from B in. A 与 B 在方面不同 A differs with B about/on/over. A与B就意见相左练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1) . The two squares differ(介词)color but not(介词)size.2) . The husband differs (介词)the wife (介词)who is to take charge of the money.3) . It doesnt make a(differ) to me whether you are going to stay.4) . This is
12、a different car(介词)the one I drove yesterday.2. undertake vt. (undertook; undertaken)着手；从事；承当；同意，容许，保证(后 接 to do)典例1) . She undertook the responsibility for these changes.她承当了做出这些改变的 责任。2) . He undertook to pay the money back in one month.他容许在一个月之内还钱。 练习翻译句子。3) . 他容许在周五之前完成那份工作。4) . 她负责整个项 目 的组织工作Ke
13、ys: 1). He undertook to finish the work before Friday.2) . She undertook the organization work of the whole project.3. forbid vt. (forbade or forbad; forbidden)禁止；不准；阻止阻碍 典例. The law forbids the use of chemical fertilizers.法律禁止使用化学肥料。1) . I forbid you to tell anyone.我不准你告诉任何人。重点用法forbid sth. / doing
14、 sth.禁止，不许(做某事)forbid sb. to do sth.禁止某人做某事练习翻译句子。1) .飞机上禁止吸烟。2) .他爸爸不准他和她交谈。3) .要禁止小孩子不玩电脑游戏很难。4) accumulate vt.&vi.积累；聚积 accumulation n u,c积累 典例. By investing wisely she accumulated a fortune,她由於投资精明而积蓄了一笔 财产。1) . Dust and dirt soon accumulate if a house is not cleaned regularly. 房屋不经常打 扫，尘土很快就越积越
15、多。练习根据句子的意思在括号里填入所给词的适当形式。1) . A thick layer of dust(accumulate) in the room, so he had to give it a thorough cleaning.2) . Despite this (accumulate) of evidence, the Government persisted in doing nothing.5.owevt.欠；应该把归功于；感激，感恩典例1) . He owes his father 50. = He owes 50 to his father.他欠他父亲 50 英镑。2) .
16、 We owe this discovery to Newton.我们的这一发现归功於牛顿。重点用法owe sbsth = owe sth to sb欠(某人)债owe sth to sb/sth将某事物归因或归功於某 人/事练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。1) . How much do I owe you the groceries?2) . He owes his success more luck than ability.3) . I owe a lot my wife and children.6. retire vi,退休(役)；退出,撤退；就寝典例1) . He wi
17、ll retire from the army next year.他明年从部队退役。2) . Our forces retired to prepared positions.我们的部队撤退到既设阵地上。重点用法retire from.从退休(役)/退出 retire (from.) (to.)退下,退出，离开(尤指到僻静处)练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入所给词适当的形式或翻译。3) . He(retire) next year after 30 years with the company.4) . She was forced to(提前退出)teaching because of il
18、l health.5) . He is a(retire) airline pilot.7. bother vt.打搅vi.操心 n.烦扰典例1) . I am busy; don, t bother me now,我很忙，现在别打搅我。2) . I am sorry to bother you, but can you tell me the time.对不起，打搅了，请问现 在几点？重点用法bother with/about 一为而烦恼；因操心 bother to do / doing 费心做练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。1) . The problem has been(
19、bother) me for weeks.2) . 一 Shall I help you with the cases?Dont. I can manage.3) . Don t bother(介词)us; we will soon join you.8. obtain vt.(正式;尤指通过努力或计划)获得；得到obtainable adj能得到的；可 获得的典例1) . I haven, t been able to obtain that record anywhere.我到处都没买到那张唱片。2) . He said that the police had obtained this
20、information by illegal means. 他说警方 是靠非法手段获得这一资料的。重点用法obtain sth from sb/sth 从获得某物练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词。1) . Are his records still(obtain)?2) . Further information can be obtained(介词)head office.IV.重点词组(旨在提供综合运用所需材料)L pay off得到好结果，取得成功(常用主动态)；偿清债款；付清工资解雇典例. At last, his hard work paid off.最后，他的努力得到了 回报
21、。1) . Did your plan pay off?你的计划成功了吗？短语归纳pay短语：pay for 付的钱;为而付出代价 pay back sth. (pay sb. back sth.)归还pay sb. (.) for sth.因某事而付某人 pay sb.()to do sth.付某人()去做某事练习用与pay相关的词组或所给词适当的形式填空。1) . After ten years of hard working she finally her debt.2) . Our efforts are sure to.3) . Her parents America.4) . Ha
22、ve you the milkman this week?5) . Have you the money the bank yet?6) . I will you next week.7) . I paid the boy ten yuan(clean) the window.2. in favor of赞成；支持；对有利典例1) . I am in favor of your suggestion,我赞成你的提议。2) . I talked to Susan about it, and she, s all in favor of going.我与苏珊谈了这件事, 她完全赞同走。重点用法as
23、k a favor 请求帮助 do sb. a favor = do a favor for sb.帮某人的忙练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的词或翻译。3) . Senior ministers spoke the proposal.4) . Would you(请你帮助)and turn off the radio?3. be bound to do 一定;注定(做)典例1) . The weather is bound to get better tomorrow. 明天天气定会变好。2) .You ve done so much work that youre bound to pa
24、ss the exam. 你下了这麽大 工夫，一定能考及格。短语归纳练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入所给词适当的形式或短语。1) . These problems were almost bound(arise).2) . When you are dealing with so many patients, mistakeshappen.4. be in good/poor/excellent condition 处於好的、坏的、极佳的状况典例1) . The ship is not in a condition/is in no condition to make a long voyage
25、.止匕船的现 状不适宜远航。2) . The car is still in excellent condition.这小车状况极佳。短语归纳condition短语：out of condition 健康状况欠佳working/living/syudyingconditions工作、生活、学习环境on condition (that).在条件下；倘假设 on no condition 一点也不； 决不练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。1) . The car has been well maintained and is excellent condition.2) . Hes exc
26、ellent condition a man of his age.3) . I had no exercise for ages; K m really condition.4) . You can go out condition that you wear an overcoat.V.重点句子(旨在提供句子结构等所需材料)The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging, 她(多莉羊) 似乎生长正常的事实很鼓舞人心。解释that she seemed to develop normally n 是一个同位语
27、从句，作 the fact 的 同位语。同位语从句一般由that引导，常放在fact, truth, news, information, idea, thought, hope, suggestion, advice, reply, remark, report 等名词后面， 说明该名词的具体内容。领先行词是problem, question或当主句是表示疑问或 否认意思时，连接词要用whether或其他的疑问代词或副词。如：1) . The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true, 他中选 美
28、国总统的消息是真的。2) . The question whether we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.我们是否该继续实验的问题还没有被解决。3) . I have no idea where the new library will be built.我不知道新图书馆将要建在 哪。练习根据句子的要求在括号里填入适当的介词。1) . The truth heavy objects and light objects fall at the same speed is knownto us all
29、.2) . The question we ndde to spend more time on the project has not beendiscussed.3) . The explanation he had met with an accident on his way was acceptable.课文要点(模块)I .课文词汇等填空(旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等) 根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Cloning is a way of 1（make） an exact copy of another animal or plant.Clonin
30、g has two 2（主要的）uses. Firstly, gardeners use it to produce plants. Secondly, it is 3（value） for medical research on animals. Cloning plants isstraightforward but the cloning of animals is more 4（复杂的）.Theprocedure is difficult to 5 展）.In 1996, scientists succeeded in6（clone）Dolly the sheep. Then came
31、 the disturbing news that Dolly was ill.7 Dolly lived for six years, Dolly s appearance raised a storm of8（object）. Government became nervous and many 9（禁止）research into human cloning. Scientists still 10 whether cloning will helpor harm us and where it is leading us.IL课文大意概括（旨在训练用30个单词概括大意的能力）阅读课文，
32、试着用30来个单词概括课文大意或翻译下面短文。文章具体介绍了植物与动物克隆的区别，多莉羊的诞生与死亡以及由此引发的争 论。Thearticlespecificallyintroducesin.课文佳句背诵与仿写（旨在培养对难句的理解和写作能力）1 .原句The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.多莉看来是在正常地成长着，这很令人鼓舞。模仿要点句子结构：同位语从句【模仿1】学校取消体育运动的想法非常令人丧气，依我的观点，这并不能防止 学生受伤。【模仿2】谚语“诚为上策”是众所周知的，它说明了老实的重要性。2
33、 原句The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals my die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物可能会死去，而另 外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种抗疫力传给下一代。模仿要点句子结构：表语从句+条件句,【模仿1】网上购物的弊端是，如果你在网上买了质量差的商品，你不可能会换 的了；但你可以在真正的商店里精挑细
34、选。【模仿2】早起的优势是，如果我们早起，我们将有机会享受清新的空气和早晨 的宁静，但并不是每个人都认为这是令人遗憾的事情。3 . 原句Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些绝种了一万 年以上的动物。模仿要点句子结构：V-ed + what引导的宾语从句，+主句+定语从句【模仿1】根据调查所示，我们可以更好地理解我们对大自然所做的一切。【模仿2】根据我们所读到的，我们可以得出结论是人类该对环境污染负责。