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1、高中英语高考英语名词考点与题型全归纳带答案单项选择题(精选试题名师出品)Please give us plenty of notice if you have to cancel an.A. argumentB. appointmentC. assumptionD. assistance答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你取消一个约会，请及时通知我们。A.argument论证；B.appointment约会； Cassumption假定,设想；D.assistance帮助。由句意可知,应该是取消约会所以要及时通知我们，应选B。1、 Its not necessary to buy an
2、y special. Just a pair of good running shoes will do.A. entertainments. announcementC. equipmentD. disappointment答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了。A.entertainment娱乐；B.announcement 公告；C.equipment 设备；D.disappointment 失望。 由“Just a pair of good running shoes will do” 可知，句子说不需要购买任何特殊设备。一双好的跑鞋就行了，因
3、此空格处是设备，即equipment,应选CoYou shouldn/t have been so rude to your friend. I think you owe him a(n).A. apologyB. favourC. debtD. attempt答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你不应该对你的朋友那么粗鲁。我觉得你应该向他抱歉。A. apology抱歉；B.favour偏爱；C. debt债务；D. attempt试图。根据so rude to your friend”可知,此处应该是因为对朋友的不礼 貌而向他抱歉。应选A项。2、 In the of proof, the
4、 police could not take action against the man.考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了解决这个问题，工程师们尝试了不同的方法，但似乎没有一种效果很好。A.approaches方法；B. statements陈述；声明；C. ranks等级;级别；D.associations协会；联盟。根据前文目的 状语T。solve the problem（为了解决问题）可知，应是为了解决问题尝试了不同的方法。应选A项。30 Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our?Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfa
5、st.A. hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一先生，您在我们酒店过得愉快吗？一是的，我睡得很好，我喜欢早餐。A.hotel宾馆；B.school 学校；C.factory 工厂；D pany 公司。根据I slept well and I like the breakfast.”可知，住的是 宾馆。应选A项。31、 It took all day to transport the furniture to the new.A. debateB. survivalC. civilizationD. apartment答案：
6、D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：把家具运到新公寓花了一整天的时间。A. debate辩论；B. survival生存；C.civilization文明；D.apartment公寓。根据空前“the furniture ”可知，空处需用名词apartment,表示把家具搬 到公寓去。应选D。32、 My first was to go straight to Henry and tell him my news, but on reflection I thought better of it.A. impulseB. baitC. bounceD. distinction答案：A解析：考查名词
7、词义辨析。句意：我的第一个冲动是直接去找亨利把我的消息告诉他，但经过深思熟虑，我改变了主意。A. impulse冲动；B.bait诱饵；C. bounce弹跳；D.distinction差异。根据句意和句中but on reflection I10 thought better of it可知，我之前的决定未经过深思熟虑，是冲动的做法，impulse意为冲动。应选A项。33、 Toms parents behavior, as well as their words a key effect on him during the past twenty years.A. haveB. have
8、hadC. has hadD. has答案：c解析：考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的20年里，汤姆父母的行为和话语都对他有关键的影响。根据时间 状语during the past twenty years”可知，句子谓语用现在完成时。当as well as并列主语时，谓语动词遵循就 远原那么，即和behavior保持一致，所以要用第三人称单数形式。应选C。34、Thank goodness the lifeguard came to my; otherwise, I might have drowned!A. senseB. effortC. attentionD. rescue答案：D
9、解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，救生员来救我；否那么，我可能淹死了！ A. sense感觉，意识；B. effort 努力;C. attention注意力；D. rescue营救，援救。根据句意，此处涉及动词短语come to one勺rescue为固定 搭配，意为营救某人。应选D项。小提示：35、Is there anything else in that youd like to share with us?A. particularB. panicC. eagernessD. addition答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：还有没有什么别的你特别要和我们提供的吗？ A. p
10、articular特别的，讲究的；B.panic恐慌；C.eagerness渴望；D.addition加法，相加，附加。固定短语in particular相当于副词表示尤其特 别，符合题意。in panic恐慌,in eagerness渴望地；inaddition此外，都可以排除。应选A项。1136、While the rise of STEAM learning is relatively new, there are already that prove the integration ofthese seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting
11、 students performance at school.A. featuresB. illustrationsC. picturesD. figures答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然STEAM学习的兴起相对较新，但已经有数据说明，将这些看似不同的学科整合在一起，有助于学生在学校的表现。A. features特征；B. illustrations说明；C. pictures图画；D. figures数据。根据that prove the integration of these seemingly distinct disciplines is supporting stud
12、ents performance at school.可知，这些是通过数据说明的。应选D。37、 We waited for them to give us the to move.A. symbolB. signalC. signD. mark答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:我们等待他们给我们移动的信号。A. symbol象征；B.signal信号；C.sign标志；D. mark记号。根据句意可知，句中指给我们移动的信号，signal意为信号，名词词性，符合语境。应选B项。38、一Im sure his speech has had a great on the people the
13、re.Yes, they were deeply moved.A. impactB. advanceC. harmonyD. accommodation答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我相信他的演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。一一是的，他们被深深地打动了。A.impact 影响；B.advance 进步；C. harmony 和谐；D. accommodation 住处。根据they were deeply moved,”可 知，演讲对那里的人们有很大的影响。应选A项。39、As a who has left college for over half a year; Marry fi
14、nds it challenging to get a good job after her12A. graduate; graduatingB. graduation; graduatingC. graduation; graduate .D. graduate; graduation答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：作为一名离校半年以上的毕业生，玛丽觉得毕业后找份好工作很有挑战性。A第一空处前 为不定冠词a,设空处应为名词单数形式，根据句意，表示毕业生应用名词graduate；第二空处前为形容词 性物主代词，设空处应为名词，结合句意，此处表示毕业，应用名词graduation。应选D。40 T
15、he also preserves the bodies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets whose owners hope they may oneday return to life.A. institutes. instanceC. intensityD. intention答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：该研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，它们的主人希望它们有朝一日能复活。A.institute 研究所；B.instance 例子；C.intensity 强度；D.intention 打算。由“preserves the bod
16、ies of 100 cats and dogs and other pets可知，是研究所还保存着100只猫、狗和其他宠物的尸体，空格处是研究所”, 即 institute,应选 A。41、fine weather it is!A. What aB. How aC. WhatD. How答案：c解析：考查感叹句和连词。句意：今天多么好的天气呀！感叹句句式：How+adj+主语+谓语！ What+adj+n+主语+谓语! how是副词，修饰形容词或者副词作状语，what修饰名词，分析句子可知，修饰名词weather用what,且 weather是不可数名词，不能加不定冠词，应选C。1342、
17、I have a strong for country life because it brings me peace in mind.A. benefitB. reliefC. preferenceD. defence答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我对乡村生活有着强烈的喜好，因为它给我带来心灵的平和。A. benefit益处；B. relief慰藉；C.preference爱好，偏好；D. defence防御。由because引导的原因状语从句内容推断，这是“我 喜欢、向往乡村生活的理由。应选C。43、 Dieting and exercising can bring your we
18、ight under control but you must stick to your plan with.A. insightB. perseveranceC. confirmationD. achievement答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：节食和锻炼可以控制你的体重，但你必须用毅力坚持你的计划。A. insight洞察力, 领悟；B. perseverance 毅力;C. confirmation 证明，证实；D. achievement 成就。由空前“you must stick to your plan可知，因为要坚持计划，所以空处需用名词perseverance,表示用
19、毅力坚持计划。应选B。44、 In the lab, keeping things clean and organized can help provide a safer.A. systemB. methodC. investmentD. environment答案：D解析：考查名词。句意：在实验室里，保持物品的清洁和有序有助于提供一个更平安的环境。A. system体系，系统;method方法；C.investment投资；D. environment环境。根据常识可知，保持物品清洁有序可以创造更安 全的实验环境(environment)。应选D项。45、The gained from t
20、his experience has invested my life with new meaning.A. departures. insightC. proofD. setting14答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:从这次经历中获得的领悟在我的生命中赋予了新的意义。A. departure离开；B. insight领悟;C.proof证据;D. setting环境;背景。根据new meaning可知，insight领悟符合句意。应选B。46、There are people in the cinema.A. two hundredB. two hundredsC. two hun
21、dred of答案：A解析：考查数词。句意：电影院里有两百个人。用hundred (百)表确切数字修饰名词时，hundred不可变为复数形 式，且不需介词就可直接修饰名词。应选A。47、 These measures have been taken with a (n) to increasing the companys profits.A. viewB. intentionC. purposeD. aim答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：采取这些措施是为了增加公司的利润。A. view打算；目的；B.intention意图；目 的；C.purpose目的；D.aim目标；目的。短语wi
22、th a view to表示“为了；指望”，是固定搭配，而其他选项没 有这样的搭配。应选A。48、The beauty of the scenery of West Lake is beyond.A. collectionB. selectionC. descriptionD. tradition答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:西湖风景之美是无法形容的。A.collection收集;B.selection选择；C. description 描述；D. tradition传统。根据the scenery of West Lake可知，此处表示西湖的美景无法形容，beyond15 descr
23、iption为固定短语，意为“难以形容。应选C。49、The of the group that will be studied depends on the interests of the researcher: all high schoolstudents, all college students, or half high school students and half college students.A. ingredientB. conventionC. compoundD. composition答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：被研究小组的组成取决于研究人员的兴趣：
24、所有高中生，所有大学生，或者一半 高中生一半大学生。A. ingredient原料,成分；B.convention习俗,惯例,大会;C pound混合物,合成 词；D. composition成分构成，组成，创作。由语意可知,composition”成分构成，组成符合题意。应选D项。50、A friend of thinks she wont pass the exam.I think she should believe in. Thats the secret to success.A. my aunt; herB. my aunts; herC. my aunts; herself答案：
25、c解析：考查代词和所有格。句意：一一我阿姨的一个朋友认为她考试没过。一一我认为她应该相信自己。这是成功的 秘诀。根据语境可知第一空表示我阿姨的一个朋友，应用所有格形式；第二空是固定短语believe inoneself（相信自己）。应选Co51 Procrastination can often pose to peoples ability their goals successfully, which is evident, forexample, in the fact that it is associated with receiving worse grades at school
26、.A. a question . of pursuingB. an obstacle . to pursueC. a dilemma . to pursueD. a hindrance . to pursuing答案：B解析：考查名词和非谓语。句意：拖延症往往会给人们成功追求目标的能力带来阻碍，这一点很明显，例如，拖延16症与学校成绩较差有关。A.a question . of pursuing问题；追求B.an obstacle . to pursue”阻碍；追求C.a dilemma . to pursue困境；追求D.a hindrance . to pursuing”阻碍;追求。固定搭
27、配 ones ability to do sth“某 人的做某事的能力，故排除选项A和D。在根据句意，拖延症是会阻碍成功的。应选B。52、Well never forget the Zhong Nanshan has made to the fight against COVID-19.A. pressB. donationsC. contributionsD. efforts答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠肺炎疫情作出的贡献。A.press新闻界； B.donations捐赠；C.contributions贡献；D.efforts努力。根据常识可知，我们
28、永远不会忘记钟南山为抗击新冠 肺炎疫情作出的贡献，空格处意为贡献，应选C。53、 Your suggestions are far from worthless and they make a good deal of to me.A. differences. senseC. influenceD. meaning答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的建议绝非毫无价值，对我来说很有意义。A. difference差异；B.sense意义；理解力;C.influence影响；D. meaning意思。短语make a good deal of sense to sb表示“对某人很有意义。故
29、 选Bo54、 Youll get a false of the town if you only visit the university.A. impressionB. companyC. youthD. rent答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:如果你只参观大学，你会对这个城市产生错误的印象。A.impression印象；B pany公司；C.youth青春；D.rent租金。结合visit the university”和选项可推知，句中谈论的是对大学和 城市的印象，a false impression错误的印象，符合语境。应选A。1755、 We should make join
30、t efforts, for your contribution will make a to the cause of peace.A. differences. determinationC. commentD. challenge答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们应该共同努力，因为你的贡献将对和平事业产生影响。A. difference区分，不 同;B. determination决心；C ment评论；D. challenge挑战。结合句意可知,此处为固定短语：make a difference有影响,有关系。应选A。56 The first warning was from
31、a station further in the harbor telling me to stop, that we wereapproaching danger.A. sighB. signC. signalD. image答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一个警告来自港口远处的一个信号站，告诉我停下来，我们正接近危险。A.sigh 叹气，叹息；B.sign签名，迹象，符号；C.signal信号灯；（无线电）讯号，信号；D.image形象，印象。根据 句意和各项词义,signal station,意为“信号站,能对来往船只发出危险、警告等信号,signal作station的定 语，符
32、合语境，应选C项。57、 The curious girl looked at the box and then she opened it out of.A. curious, curiousB. curiously, curiosityC. curiously, curiousD. curiosity, curiously答案：B解析：考查词副词和名词。句意:这个好奇的女孩好奇地看了看盒子，然后出于好奇把它翻开了。A.curious好奇的;curious 好奇的；B.curiously 好奇地,curiosity 好奇心；C. curiously 好奇地,curious 好奇的；D.cur
33、iosity 好奇心， curiously好奇地。分析句子结构可知，第一空应填写副词修饰动词looked；根据outof 可知，第二空应填写18名词,out of curiosity意为“出于好奇,应选B。58 Many teenagers want to be like Zhong Nanshan when they grow up.A. writersB. engineersC. doctorsD. cleaners答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多青少年长大后想成为钟南山那样的医生。A. writers作家；B.engineers工程师;C doctors医生;D.cleaner
34、s清洁工。根据like Zhong Nanshan”可知,此处表示想成为医生。应选C。59、 The teacher often makes a(n)on how different the two boys are.A. commentB. decisionC. impressionD. effect答案：A解析：考查名词。句意:老师经常评论这两个男孩有多么不同。A ment评论;B.decision决定；C.impression印 象；D.effect影响。根据后句on how different the two boys are (这两个男孩有多么不同)”可知为评论的具体 内容，固定短语
35、make a comment on对 做出评论。应选A。60、Last week his performance secured him the for Actor of the Year at the Hollywood Film Festival.A. rewardB. prizeC. awardD. bonus答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：上周，他的表演为他赢得了好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖。reward报酬；奖励；prize”奖金；award”奖；奖品；bonus额外津贴；红利，根据下文“for Actor of the Year at theHollywood Film
36、Festival可知，此处说的是“好莱坞电影节的年度最正确男演员奖，应选Co61、 Thanks to the of the experienced worker, we completed the difficult task on time.A. potentials. bonusC. bugD. guidance19A. lackB. shortageC. absenceD. failure答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：在没有证据的情况下，警方不能对那个人采取行动。A. lack缺少，多用于缺乏信 心、经验缺乏等场景；B. shortage短缺，指缺乏，但侧重达不到规定的，需要的
37、或应有的数量；C.absence缺席，指某物根本不存在或完全短缺，或某人虽存在，但未到现场；D. failure失败。根据后文“of proof, the police could not take action against the man表示事物根本不存在或完全短缺,应用 absence,应选 Co5、The of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours makes Gong Bao Chicken hard to resist.A. decorationB. constructionC. competitionD. combination答案：D解析
38、：考查名词。句意：辣、咸、甜、酸的混合口味使宫保鸡丁难以抗拒。A.decoration装饰；B.construction建造； C petition竞争；D bination结合。设空处在句中作主语，结合句意和空后的of spicy, salty, sweet and sour flavours可知，此处是指几种口味的结合。应选D。6、 I havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl and she has changed beyond.A. generations. recognitionC. investigationD. graduatio
39、n答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我从萨拉小时候就没见过她了，她已经变得认不出来了。A.generation 一代（人）； B.recognition 认出， 识另U； C.investigation 调查；D.graduation 毕业。根据I havent seen Sarah since she was a little girl可知，此处是指她已经变了许多，让人认不出来了应选乩7、She tried not to show in her treatment of the children in her care.A. qualifications. preferenceC. ex
40、pectationD. blame答案：B答案：D解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:在经验丰富的工人的指导下，我们按时完成了艰巨的任务。A.potential潜力； B.bonus奖金；C.bug故障;D.guidance指导。结合句意中,经验丰富的工人,可知guidance指导”，符合句意, 应选择D项。62、 Try to keep a between work and relaxation.A. healthB. balanceC. fitD. balanced答案：B解析：考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：努力在工作和休闲之间保持平衡。A.health健康；B.balance平衡；C.fit
41、健康的；D.balanced平衡的。a后跟名词作宾语，由between work and relaxation可知，句子说努力在工作和 休闲之间保持平衡，因此空格处是“平衡，即balance, ke即a balance betweenand是固定短语，意为在和之间保持平衡，应选B。63、Is money the of a happy life?A. basisesB. basicC. basisD. based答案：c解析：考查名词。句意：金钱是幸福生活的基础吗？ A. basises名词,basis的复数形式,意为基础;B.basic形容词, 意为基本的；基础的；C. basis名词，意为基
42、础；D. based形容词，意为在居住（或工作）；基地（或 总部）在；为基础的。the basis of的基础,用名词的单数形式。应选C。64、Finding time for both studies and extra-curricular activities is a big challenge, so I need to make a workable.A. the timeB. timesC. scheduleD. schedules答案：C20解析: 考查名词辨析。句意：抽出时间来学习和参加课外活动是一个巨大的挑战。因此我需要做一个切实可行的时 间表。A. the time时间；
43、B.times时代;C.schedule时间表；D.schedules时间表（复数）。根据句意可知,抽 出时间学习和做课外活动是一个挑战，所以要制定计划，而且根据单词a可知，应选可数名词单数，应选C。小提示：根据句意来选择合适的词，根据名词前面的冠词可知应填单数还是复数。65、The government has announced a new to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions.A. advisorB. budgetC. initiativeD. perspective答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：政府宣布了一项新举措，以帮助减少温室
44、气体的排放。A. advisor顾问；B. budget 预算;C. initiative 建议；新方案；D. perspective 态度。根据announced”及to help lower the greenhouse gas emissions”可知，initiative”建议；新方案”符合句意。应选C。66、 It was discovered that children dislike watching their siblings fight. In fact, they respond to by supportingone sibling and pushing the ot
45、her.A. commentsB. reflectionsC. argumentsD. occasions答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们发现孩子们不喜欢看兄弟姐妹打架。事实上，他们对争吵的反响是支持兄弟 姐妹中的一个，并且排挤另一个。A. comments评论；B. reflections反思，反射；C.arguments争吵；D.occasions场合，机会。根据前文fight和句意可知，此处指对争吵”的反响。应选C项。67 I want you both to be on your best at Grandads.OK, we will, Mum.A. opportunity
46、B. struggleC. behaviorD. purpose21答案：c解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：一一我要你们两个在你爷爷家好好表现。一一好的，我们会的，妈妈。A.opportunity机会;B.struggle斗争;C.behavior行为，举止；D.purpose目的。根据句意这是妈妈对孩子的告 诫，要求他们注意行为举止。应选C。68、 After the flood, the first thing the government did was to provide for the homeless families.A. accommodationB. qualificatio
47、nC. occupationD. admission答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意:洪水过后，政府做的第一件事就是为无家可归的家庭提供住宿。A. accommodation 住宿;B. qualification 资格;C occupation 职业；D. admission 进入。根据后文“for the homeless families指为无 家可归的家庭提供住宿，应用accommodation。应选A。69、According to the result of a recent study published by Cambridge University, such as stubbornness and shyness, have a major impact on learning.A. featuresB. personalitiesC. memoriesD. appearances答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据剑桥大学最近发表的一项研究结果，性格，例如固执和害羞对学习有重大影 响。A. feature 特征；B. personality 性格,气质；C. memory 回忆;D. appearance 外表。空后 such as stubbornness and shyness表示例如固执和害羞，都是在对人的性格进行举例，故空处需填