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1、第四章时态(上)一般现在时一般现在时表示通常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或者存在的状态。此外,在表示客观事实和普通真理时,也用一般现在时。考点1一般现在时的句式构成分类句式结构谓语为be动词肯定句主语+be动词(am, is, are)+其他.否认式主语+be 动词(am, is, are)+not+其他一般疑问句Be动词(Am, Is, Are)+主语+其他?特殊疑问句疑问词+be动词(am, is, are)+主语+其他?谓语为情态动词+动词原形肯定句主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他.否认式主语+情态动词+not+动词原形+其他一般疑问句情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问句疑问词+情态动词
2、+主语+动词原形+其他?谓语为实义动词肯定句主语+动词原形/动词第三人称单数+其他否认式主语+dont/doesnt+动词原形+其他一般疑问句Do/Does+主语+动词原形+其他?特殊疑问句疑问词+do/does+主语+动词原形+其他?典例精析例题(开封小考模拟)连词成句。3.Lucy bought a comic book last Sunday afternoon.(对画线局部提问)答案:1. We had an English party last nighto2 .He didnt write a letter to his dad in New York.3 .What did Lu
3、cy do last Sunday afternoon?考点2一般过去时的基本用法.表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。We went to the History Museum last Monday 上周一我们去了历史博物 馆。1 .表示过去的习惯或经常发生的动作。When I was in the countryside,! often swam in the river.当我在乡下时, 我常常在河里游泳。典例精析例题单项选择。()Where you this morning?A.did;went B.did;go C. were;go D. were; went解题思路:根据句意“
4、今天上午你去哪里了?”可知,此句的谓语动词是go,构成过去时态,疑问句应用助动词did,而助动词后应用动词原形,应选Bo答案B过关训练根据中文提示完成句子。1 .我们上周二没有在家吃午饭。We lunch at home last Tuesday.2 .上周六他们做了什么? they last Saturday?3 .十年前我还是一个小男孩。I a little boy ten years ago.答案:1.didnt have 2.What did 3,was重点知识讲练一般将来时表示将来某一时刻的动作或状态,或将来某一段时间内经 常性的动作或状态。考点1一般将来时的句式构成“will/sh
5、all+动词原形”结构主语是第一人称I或we时,常用“shall+动词原形”构成“l/We shall+动词原形(+其他).”句型。其他人称那么用will。句式结构例句Will+动词原形肯定句主语+will+动词原形+其他.1 will go there tomorrow.明天我将去那儿。否认句主语+will+not+动词原形+其他.He will not go there.他不会去那儿。一般疑问句Shall+主语(l/we)+动词原形+其他?Will+ 主语(you/he/she/they)+动词原形+其他?Shall we go?我们要走吗?-Will you come here?你会过来
6、吗?-YesJ will.是的,我会。特殊疑问句疑问词+一般疑问句?(就主语 问时,以疑问词who开头的疑 问句除外)Why will you be here on Sunday?周日你为什么将会在这儿?Who will win?谁会赢?“be going to +动词原形”结构be going to相当于一个助动词(其中be有人称和数变化)与它后面的 动词原形一起构成谓语用来表示近期将要发生的动作、计划、安排和 打算要做的事。句式结构例句be going to +动词原形肯定句主语+be going to+动词原形+其他.We are going to have a sports meeti
7、ng next week 下周我们将举办一场运动会。否认句主语+be+not + going to+动词原形+其他.Im not going to see a film tonight.今天晚上我不去看电 影。一般疑问句Be 动词+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?Are you going to visit the GreatWall tomorrow?明天你们要去参观长城吗?特殊疑问句对人提问:Who+be动词+going to+其他?Who is going to Hainan?谁要去海南?对事提问:What+be动词+主 语+going to do?What are you go
8、ing to do?你要去做什么对地点提问:Where+be动词+ 主语+going?Where is she going?她要去哪里?对时间提问:When/What time+be 动词+主语+going to+ 其他?When are they going to the bookstore?他们将在什么时候 去书店?对原因提问:Why+be动词+主语+going to+其他?Why are you going to the bookstore?你为什么要去书店?典例精析例题按要求完成句子。I will look after the child next week.(改为一般疑问句,并作否认
9、回答)-look after the child next week?解题思路此题主要考查学生对一般将来时的句式的掌握情况。有Will的一般 将来时的句子,将will提至句首,再将I改为you(第一人称改为第二 人称),回答直接用 I wont,wont=will not答案 Will you; I wont过关训练一、用一般将来时be going to+动词原形”结构完成以下句子。l.They (swim) tomorrow.2.1 (watch)a football match this weekend.3.The old man (play) sports in the park.答案:
10、l.are going to swim2.am going to watch3. is going to play二、用一般将来时“Wilk动词原形”结构完成以下句子。l.John(visit) his grandparents next week.1.1 (go)to the Great Wall the day after tomorrow.3 .They (be) thirteen years old next year.4 .We (get) there soon答案:l.will visit 2.will go 3.will be 4.will get考点2一般将来时的基本用法一般将
11、来时常常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如tomorrow(明天),next weekend(下周末),next year(明年)等。基本用法有以下两种:L表示将来发生的事情,用于征求对方意见或表示客气的邀请。用 “will/shall+动词原形”这一形式来表达。Shall we meet at seven?我们七点钟见面,好吗?2.表示事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象说明将要发生的 某事,意为“打算;就要”。用be going to +动词原形”这一形式来表达。 We re going to visit my grandparents next weekend.我们打算下个周末 去看望我的外
12、公外婆。过关训练一、选择正确的单词填空。1 .Tom and Betty (is/are) going to make model planes next Sunday.2 .Chen Jie will(leave/leaves)China next Sunday. Tomorrow morning she is going to(getting/get) up at six oclock.3 .(Is/Will) your father going to Beijing next week?答案:l.are 2. leave 3.get 4.1s二、单项选择。()1.My family w川
13、 go to see a filmA.yesterday B.on Sundays C.this evening D. last night()2.(临沂市第九中学招生卷)Tom and Jane going see a film?A.Is;/ B.Are;/ C.Are;to D. Is;to()3(贵阳市致和实验中学招生卷)He very busy this week,but he_free next week.A. will be;is B.is;is C.will be;will be D.is;will be()4(玉林市第九初级中学阶段检测卷)There a meeting tom
14、orrow afternoon.A. will be going to B. will going to beC. is going to beD. w川 go to be答案:CCDC令 一一关注有礼学科网中小学资源库扫码关注可免费领取180套PPT教学模版令海量教育资源一触即达 令新鲜活动资讯即时上线学学科同学学科同1. l,breakfast,6:30,at,have(.)2. is, she, a, not, teacher(.)解题思路第1题:此题是一个陈述句肯定式,其结构为“主语(l)+谓语(动词have)+其他(breakfast at 6:30).11第2题:此题是一个陈述句否
15、认式,其结构为“主语(She)+be动词(is)+否认词(not)+表语(a teacher),答案 1.1 have breakfast at 6:30.2. She is not a teacher.按要求完成句子。1. Alice watches TV every evening.(改为否认句)My mother likes reading prose(散文).(改为一般疑问句,并作否认回 答)2. Her name is Amy.(对画线局部提问)答案:1 .Alice doesnt watch TV every evening.2 .-Does your mother like re
16、ading prose?-No, she doesnt3. Whafs her name?考点2一般现在时的基本用法用法例句表示经常性或习惯性的动作,常 与频率副词连用。常见的频率副 词有 alwayszusually,often 等。My mother often gets up at 6。匕lock.我妈妈经常六点钟起床。表示客观存在的真理或科学事实。The earth moves around the sun.地球围绕太阳转表示现在的状态、能力、性格、 个性。1 am a worker.我是一名工人。典例精析例题用所给动词的适当形式填空。1 . My mother(want) to bu
17、y a computer.2 .The sun(set) in the west.3 .(do) your father (watch) TV every night?答案 l.wants 2.sets 3 .Does ; watch过关训练单项选择。()1.He usually shopping with his mother.A.go B.goes C.going D.go to( )2.My sister a nurse.She swimming.A. is;like B.am;likes C.is;likes D.is;liking答案:BC现在进行时表示现在或现阶段正在进行或发生的动
18、作或存在的状态。现在进行时 表示动作发生的时间是现在,动作目前的状态是正在进行中,也就是说, 谈到这件事的时候,这个动作还在进行中。考点1现在进行时的句式构成句式结构例句肯定句主语+am/is/are+动词-ing(+其他).Mike is answering the phone.迈克正在接听 。否认句主语+am/is/are+not+动词-ing(+其他)Mike isnt answering the phone.迈克现在没有在接听 。一般疑问句Am/ls/Are+主语+动词-ing(+其他)? 肯定回答:Yes,主语+am/is/are 否认回答:No,主语+am not/isnt/are
19、nt-Is Mike answering the phone?迈克正在接听 吗?-Yes,he is./ -No, he isnt特殊疑问句疑问词+be(am/is/are)+主语+动词-ing (+其他)?-What are you doing?你们正在做什么呢?-We are playing football.我们正在踢足球。典例精析例题单项选择。()(杭州余杭区Are the tigers sleeping? They are running.A. No,they arent B.Yes, it isnt C.Yes,they are答案A过关训练按要求完成以下句子。1. My brot
20、her is reading a comic book now.(改为般疑问句)They are doing their homework now.(对画线局部提问)2. 我知道你下个星期天就要到了。(汉译英)答案:1. Is your brother reading a comic book now?2. What are they doing now?3.1 know you are arriving next Sunday考点2现在进行时的基本用法.表示此时此刻正在进行或发生的动作。We are listening to the teacher.我们正在听讲。1 .表示现阶段正在进行的动
21、作,说话时未必正在进行。Mr Lin is writing another novel.林先生正在写另一本小说。(说话时并不一定在写,只处于写作状态)2 .表示现在处于的一种状态。She is wearing a nice sweater.她穿着一件漂亮的毛衣。3 .表示已确定或安排好的将来活动。Im leaving for a travel in New York next week.我下周要去纽约旅游。典例精析例题用所给动词的适当形式填空。Look!The farmers(pick) apples on the trees.答案 are picking过关训练一、单项选择。()1.(山东省
22、聊城市小考)Listen!The childrenA.are singingB.singingC. is singing()2.(河北省石家庄市小考)Shes cartoons at home now.A. watch B. watches C. watching()3.(石家庄市正定县小学毕业卷)My father is tired.He inthe bedroom now.A. is sleeping B.sleeps C.sleeping二、根据中文提示补全句子。1 . Listen! The bird (唱歌).2 .Tom(清扫)his bedroom now.3 .Look!Som
23、e sheep(吃)grass over there.4 .We (在上课)now. 答案:1. is singingis cleaning2. are eatingare having classes第3节一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过 去的时间状语连用。考点1 一般过去时的句式构成分类句式结构例句谓语动词为be动词肯定句主语+(was/were)+其他.1 was a student.我是一名学生。They were students.他们是学生。否认句主语+(was/were)+not + 其 他.1 wasnt a student.我不是一名学生
24、。They werent students.他们不是学生。一般疑问句(Was/Were)+主语+其他?Was she a student?她是一名学生?Were you students?你们是学生吗?特殊疑问句疑问词+(Was/Were)+主语+其他?Where were you yesterday?昨天你在哪里?谓语动词为实义动词肯定句主语+动词的过去式+其 他.1 went to the zoo.我去了动物园否认句主语+didnt+动词原形+其他1 didnt go to the zoo.我没有去动物园一般疑问句Did+主语+动词原形+其他?Did you go to the zoo?你
25、去动物园了 吗?特殊疑问句疑问词+did+主语+动词原What did you do yesterday?昨天你做什形+其他?么了?注意:实义动词作谓语动词的一般过去时不需要考虑第三人称单数的变化典例精析例题(陕西省西安市小升初模拟)按要求完成句子。He played the guitar yesterday afternoon.(改为般疑问句,并作否认 回答)-he the guitar yesterday afternoon?-No,he解题思路:此题主要考查学生对一般过去时的句式的掌握情况。肯定 句变为一般疑问句,实义动词作谓语的情况下,把助动词Did放至句 首,实义动词played还原成play,否认回答用didnt。答案 Did;play;didnt过关训练按要求完成以下句子。1. We are having an English party now.(用 last night 改写句子)He wrote a letter to his dad in New York.(改为否认句)