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1、Module 6 War and Peace 诩 13由吾 i井义1. abandon v. 放弃，抛弃abandon sb to sth (不顾责任、义务等)遗弃某人给The study showed a deep fear among the elderly of being abandoned to the care of strangers.研究说明，老人十分害怕被丢给陌生人照管。(1) abandon sth (to sb/sth)不得已而放弃/舍弃They had to abandon their lands and property to the invading forces.
2、他们不得不放弃土地和财产，让侵略军占领。(2) abandon oneself to sth 陷入/沉湎于某种感情He abandoned himself to despair.他陷入绝望。2. drown v.淹死，使溺死Two children drowned after falling into the river.两个孩子掉进河里淹死了。(1) drown sth in sth 把某物浸泡在里The fruit was drowned in cream.水果在奶油里泡过。(2) drown sb/sth out压过/盖过某人/某物She turned up the radio to d
3、rown out the noise from next door.他开大了收音机的音量以压过隔壁房间的吵闹声。3. last v.持续，继续;继续存在，持续起作用，持久The meeting only lasted (for) a few minutes.会议只开了几分钟。This kind of weather wont last.这种天气持续不了多久。Hes making a big effort now, and I hope it lasts.现在他正加紧努力，我希望他能坚持下去。比拟：last和take的区别last和take均表示某事持续的时间。last表示某事持续的时间，但并非
4、一定 要与表示时间的词语连用;而take表示到某地或做某事需要的时间，必须与表示 时间的词语连用。The movie lasted over two hours.这部电影长达两个多小时。How long do you think this storm will last?你看道暴风雨会持续多久？It takes （me） at least an hour to get home from work.（我）下班回家至少得花一个小时。How long will the flight take?此次航班将飞行多长时间？4. occupy v.占领;使用，占用（空间、面积、时间等）The capita
5、l has been occupied by the rebel army.叛军已占领了首都。How much memory does the program occupy?这个程序占用了多少内存？The bed seemed to occupy most of the room.床似乎占去了大半个屋子。5. wound v.使（身体）受伤;使（心灵）受伤About 50 people were seriously wounded in the attack.在这次攻击中，约有50人受重伤。She felt deeply wounded by his cruel remarks.他那刻薄的话语
6、使她感到深受伤害。6. rescue v.营救，拯救rescue sb/sth （from sth/sb）（从某事中/某人手里）救出某人/某物They were eventually rescued by helicopter.他们最后被直升机救走了。He rescued a child from drowning.他救起了一名落水儿童。比拟：save和rescue的区别两者均可表示“救”。save属于普通用词，使用广泛，主要指把处于危险或危 机状态中的人或物解救出来;而rescue那么强调动作的迅速,指从直接的或迫在眉 睫的危险中解救出来。两者常可换用。The brave firemen s
7、aved (rescued) people from a burning house.勇敢的消防人员从燃烧的房子里把人救了出来。The house was rescued (saved) from demolition.这所房子保住了，可以不拆。7. drop vt.扔下，投下vi.掉下，落下;液体滴落，滴下；(价格，劲势等)下降，下跌;累倒，累垮I dropped the letter into the mailbox.我将信投入信箱。I dropped some coins into the collecting tin.我把一些硬币投进募捐罐里了。Tears dropped from h
8、er eyes.泪水从她眼中滴落下来。The price of coffee has dropped.咖啡的价格已经降下来了。I will work till I drop.我要工作到我倒下为止。drop back/behind 后退，落后，落在后面drop by/in/round = drop in on sb J暇便访问，顺便进入drop off 打盹儿，小睡drop out (of sth)不再参加，退出，脱离8. mess n.混乱的局面，麻烦，困境;肮脏，杂乱The economy is in a mess.经济陷入了困境。The whole situation is a mess.
9、整个情况都是一团糟。The kids made a mess in the bathroom.孩子们把浴室搞得一塌糊涂。9. shave v. & n.刮胡子The nurse washed and shaved him.护士给他洗了脸，刮了胡子。shave sth off刮掉某物Charles decided to shave off his beard.查尔斯决定刮掉胡子。I need a shave.我需要刮胡子了。10. cheers int.(用于祝酒)祝你健康！Lets drink a toast to our hostess. Cheers!为我们的女主人举杯。干杯！cheer
10、n.欢呼声，喝彩声A great cheer went up from the crowd.观众爆发出一阵热烈的欢呼声。cheer v.欢呼，喝彩，加油We all cheered as the team came on to the field.球队入场时我们都为之欢呼。cheerful adj.快乐的，高兴的，兴高采烈的He felt bright and cheerful and full of energy.他感到兴高采烈，浑身充满活力。11. worthwhile adj.值得做的，有价值的，有用的The smile on her face made it all worthwhil
11、e.她脸上的笑容使得这一切都非常值得。(1) worthwhile to do sth 值得去做某事It is worthwhile to include really high-quality illustrations.把真正高质量的插图包括进去是值得的。(2) worthwhile doing sth 值得做某事It didnt seem worthwhile writing it all out again.把它都再写出来似乎不必要。比拟：worth, worthy 和 worthwhile 的区别这三个词都是形容词，都有“值得”的意思，但用法或搭配关系不同。(3) worth只能作表
12、语，意为“值的湘当于的价值的;有价值的; 值得的。由于它类似介词，须在后面接名词或动词-ing形式作宾语。This second-hand car is worth $2, 000 at the most.The exhibition is worth visiting/a visit.Its not worth getting angry with him.(4) worthy可作表语，也可作定语。作表语时意为“值得的;应得到 的”，其后接of sth,也可以后接to do sth;作定语时意为“有价值的;值得尊敬的; 应受到赏识的”。Guangzhou is worthy of a vis
13、it/to be visited.He said he was not worthy to accept such honor.The school has educated many worthy young people.(5) worthwhile与worthy一样，既可作表语，又可作定语。表示某事因重 要、有趣或从中受益大而值得花时间、金钱或努力去做，一般意为“值得的;值得 做的;有意义的”。用作表语时，可接动名词或动词不定式。The Summer Palace is worthwhile having/to have a visit.Helping old people is a w
14、orthwhile activity.Thank you for your worthwhile suggestion.12. encourage v.鼓舞，鼓励encourage sb in sth 在某事上鼓励某人My parents have always encouraged me in my choice of career.在我选择职业时父母总是鼓励我。(1) encourage sth in sb/sth 在某人/某物上助长某事They claim that some computer games encourage violent behavior in young child
15、ren.他们声称有些电脑游戏助长儿童的暴力行为。13. arm v.装备，武装arm oneself/sb with sth 用某物武装自己/某人The crowd armed themselves with sticks and stones.群众拿起棍棒和石块武装自己。She had armed herself for the meeting with all the latest statistics.为了这次会议，她准备了所有最新的统计资料。14. declare war on 向宣战His government has declared war on the neighboring
16、country tonight.他的政府已在今夜向邻国宣战了。15. make a breakthrough 取得重大突破(进展)The key to the problems is to make a breakthrough with a clear aim.有针对性地寻找突破是解决这些问题的关键。16. pickup停下来让某人搭车(船等)；救起He picked me up a few days later for a movie and dinner.几天后他来接我，我们一起看电影，吃晚饭。In the end, a boat picked me up.最后，一艘船把我救起来了。17. to ones astonishment 令某人惊讶的是To my astonishment, he threw out the book and screamed at me.令我惊讶的是，他把那本书丢出去并向我大声喊叫。