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1、安装文档11gR2 RACASM for OEL6.4V1.0 2013年09月9日文档信息文挡名称作者电话邮件Oracle 11gR2 RACASM for OEL6.4安装文档印冲13851698652文档修订记录编号修订内容简述修订日期修订前版本号一 环境准备41.1 操作系统41.2 解决虚拟机安装RAC的几个问题51.2.1 共享存储51.2.2 安装过程中总死机重启151.3 修改/etc/hosts 文件（所有节点）151.4 添加组和用户（所有节点）161.5建目录（所有节点）171.6修改系统参数（所有节点）181.7 禁用防火墙和SELNUX（所有节点）221.8 配置时间
2、同步（所有节点）241.9检查安装包（所有节点）251.10配置用户环境变量（所有节点）261.10.1 Grid 用户261.10.2 Oracle用户271.11 配置用户等效性301.11.1 Grid用户：301.11.2 Oracle用户：341.12配置ASM381.12.1 安装ASM支持包（两个节点）381.12.2 配置ASM（两个节点）391.12.3 创建ASM磁盘401.13安装cvuqdisk包并验证（两个节点）401.14验证安装前的检查：41二 安装CRS502.1 安装Grid infrastructure502.2 检查CRS状态612.2.1 资源组状态:6
3、12.2.2 检查集群节点:622.2.3 检查 Oracle 集群注册表 (OCR):632.2.4 检查表决磁盘:642.2.5 检查CRS状态642.3 为数据和快速恢复区创建 ASM 磁盘组: asmca64三 安装Oracle 软件（不建库） 65四 创建数据库684.1安装数据库684.2查看数据库进程694.3连接数据库72一 环境准备安装环境：本机32位VMware Workstation 。操作系统Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86 (32 Bit)。安装介质：p13390677_112040_LINUX_3o
4、f7.zip集群基础包p13390677_112040_LINUX_1of7.zip数据库基础包p13390677_112040_LINUX_2of7.zip数据库基础包oracleasm-support-2.1.8-1.el6.i686.rpmASM支持包oracleasmlib-2.0.4-1.el6.i686.rpmASM lib安装包cvuqdisk-1.0.9-1.rpm共享存储IP分配：主机名主机IPPRIVVIPrac1192.168.255.101192.168.1.103192.168.1.105rac2192.168.255.102192.168.1.104192.168.
5、1.106sacnIP192.168.255.107安装目录：Oracle软件/u01/app/oracle/11.2.0/db_1grid 软件/u01/app/grid/11.2.0/CRS 软件+CRS/rac-cluster1.1 操作系统本安装文档，操作系统为Oracle Enterprise Linux Release 6 Update 4 for x86 (32 Bit)。(以rac1节点为例) rootrac1 # lsb_release -aLSB Version: :base-4.0-ia32:base-4.0-noarch:core-4.0-ia32:core-4.0-n
6、oarch:graphics-4.0-ia32:graphics-4.0-noarch:printing-4.0-ia32:printing-4.0-noarchDistributor ID: OracleServerDescription: Oracle Linux Server release 6.4Release: 6.4Codename: n/arootrac1 # cat /etc/redhat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 6.4 (Santiago)rootrac1 # uname -aLinux rac1 2.6
7、.39-400.17.1.el6uek.i686 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 18:17:46 PST 2013 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linuxrootrac1 # grep MemTotal /proc/meminfoMemTotal: 1030172 kBrootrac1 # grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfoSwapTotal: 2097148 kB1.2 解决虚拟机安装RAC的几个问题1.2.1 共享存储在一号虚拟机创建新的磁盘，打开虚拟机设置:点添加按钮：选择硬盘，点继续：选择创建一个新的虚拟磁盘：选择SCSI，勾选独立模式，然后继续：
8、输入磁盘大小，勾选立即分配所有磁盘空间【如果不勾选，安装CRS的时候容易报错超时】：选择文件路径及名称，点完成。选中刚才创建的硬盘，点击高级按钮：选择虚拟设备节点，选取SCSI 1:0：点击确定完成。使用记事本编辑.wmx文件，添加虚拟机参数：disk.locking = false diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = 0 diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.DataCacheMinReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.dataCachePageSize = 4096 diskLib.maxUnsynced
9、Writes = 0tools.syncTime = TRUEscsi1:0.deviceType=disk【刚才添加的盘对应的节点】scsi1:1.deviceType=disk【每添加一个新的共享磁盘，这边就加一句】scsi1:2.deviceType=disk在二号虚拟机里面添加刚才创建好的磁盘添加好之后点高级，也选择SCSI 1：0使用记事本编辑.wmx文件，添加虚拟机参数：disk.locking = false diskLib.dataCacheMaxSize = 0 diskLib.dataCacheMaxReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.DataCacheMi
10、nReadAheadSize = 0 diskLib.dataCachePageSize = 4096 diskLib.maxUnsyncedWrites = 0tools.syncTime = TRUEscsi1:0.deviceType=disk【刚才添加的盘对应的节点】scsi1:1.deviceType=disk【每添加一个新的共享磁盘，这边就加一句】scsi1:2.deviceType=disk1.2.2 安装过程中总死机重启 使用记事本编辑.wmx文件，添加虚拟机参数：timeTracker.lazyApic=FALSE1.3 修改/etc/hosts 文件（所有节点）rootra
11、c1 # vi /etc/hostsrootrac1 # cat /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4:1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6192.168.1.128 udbs01192.168.1.133 udbs02192.168.1.103 udbs01-priv 192.168.1.104 udbs02-priv192.168. 1.129 udbs01
12、-vip192.168. 1.134 udbs02-vip192.168.1.107 udbs01-scanrootrac2 # vi /etc/hostsrootrac2 # cat /etc/hosts127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4:1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6192.168.1.128 udbs01192.168.1.133 udbs02192.168.1.10
13、3 udbs01-priv 192.168.1.104 udbs02-priv192.168. 1.129 udbs01-vip192.168. 1.134 udbs02-vip192.168.1.107 udbs01-scan1.4 添加组和用户（所有节点）rootrac1 # groupadd -g 500 oinstallrootrac1 # groupadd -g 501 dbarootrac1 # groupadd -g 502 operrootrac1 # groupadd -g 503 asmadminrootrac1 # groupadd -g 504 asmoperrootr
14、ac1 # groupadd -g 505 asmdbarootrac1 # useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oraclerootrac1 # useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba gridrootrac1 # id oracleuid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper),505(asmdba)rootrac1 # id griduid=501(grid) gid=500(
15、oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper),503(asmadmin),504(asmoper),505(asmdba)rootrac1 # passwd oraclerootrac1 # passwd gridrootrac2 # groupadd -g 500 oinstallrootrac2 # groupadd -g 501 dbarootrac2 # groupadd -g 502 operrootrac2 # groupadd -g 503 asmadminrootrac2 # groupadd -g 504 asmoperr
16、ootrac2 # groupadd -g 505 asmdbarootrac2 # useradd -g oinstall -G dba,asmdba,oper oraclerootrac2 # useradd -g oinstall -G asmadmin,asmdba,asmoper,oper,dba gridrootrac2 # id oracleuid=500(oracle) gid=500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper),505(asmdba)rootrac2 # id griduid=501(grid) gid=
17、500(oinstall) groups=500(oinstall),501(dba),502(oper),503(asmadmin),504(asmoper),505(asmdba)rootrac2 # passwd oraclerootrac2 # passwd grid1.5建目录（所有节点）rootrac1 # mkdir /u01/approotrac1 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/rootrac1 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/rootrac1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventoryrootrac1
18、 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/rootrac1 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory/rootrac1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/gridrootrac1 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraclerootrac1 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/rootrac1 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/rootrac1 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid/
19、rootrac1 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/rootrac2 # mkdir /u01/approotrac2 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/rootrac2 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/rootrac2 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraInventoryrootrac2 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/oraInventory/rootrac2 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oraInventory/rootrac2 # mkdir
20、 -p /u01/app/gridrootrac2 # mkdir -p /u01/app/oraclerootrac2 # chown -R grid:oinstall /u01/app/grid/rootrac2 # chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01/app/oracle/rootrac2 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/grid/rootrac2 # chmod -R 775 /u01/app/oracle/1.6修改系统参数（所有节点）rootrac1 # vi /etc/security/limits.conf#ORACLE SETTINGg
21、rid soft nproc 2047grid hard nproc 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536rootrac2 app# vi /etc/security/limits.conf#ORACLE SETTINGgrid soft nproc 2047grid hard nproc 16384grid soft nofile 1024grid h
22、ard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536rootrac1 # vi /etc/pam.d/login#%PAM-1.0auth user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore default=bad pam_securetty.soauth include system-authaccount required pam_nologin.soaccount include syst
23、em-authpassword include system-auth# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rulesession required pam_selinux.so closesession required pam_loginuid.sosession optional pam_console.so# pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user contextsession required p
24、am_selinux.so opensession required pam_namespace.sosession optional pam_keyinit.so force revokesession include system-auth-session optional pam_ck_connector.so#ORACLE SETTINGsession required pam_limits.so(增加)rootrac2 app# vi /etc/pam.d/login#%PAM-1.0auth user_unknown=ignore success=ok ignore=ignore
25、default=bad pam_securetty.soauth include system-authaccount required pam_nologin.soaccount include system-authpassword include system-auth# pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rulesession required pam_selinux.so closesession required pam_loginuid.sosession optional pam_console.so# pam_s
26、elinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user contextsession required pam_selinux.so opensession required pam_namespace.sosession optional pam_keyinit.so force revokesession include system-auth-session optional pam_ck_connector.so#ORACLE SETTINGsession required pam_li
27、mits.sorootrac1 # vi /etc/sysctl.conf# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Linux# For binary values, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.# Controls IP packet forwardingnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0# Controls source route verification# Controls the use of
28、 TCP syncookiesnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1# Disable netfilter on .bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0# Controls the default maxmimum size of a mesage queuekernel.msgmnb = 65536# Controls the maximum size of a message, in by
29、teskernel.msgmax = 65536# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in byteskernel.shmmax = 4294967295# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pageskernel.shmall = 268435456#ORACLE SETTINGfs.aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744kernel.shmall = 2097152kernel.shmmax = 536870912k
30、ernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 1048586rootrac2 # vi /etc/sysctl.conf# Kernel sysctl configuration file for Oracle Linux# For binary va
31、lues, 0 is disabled, 1 is enabled. See sysctl(8) and# sysctl.conf(5) for more details.# Controls IP packet forwardingnet.ipv4.ip_forward = 0# Controls source route verificationnet.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 1# Do not accept source routingnet.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route = 0# Controls the
32、 System Request debugging functionality of the kernelkernel.sysrq = 0# Controls the use of TCP syncookiesnet.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1# Disable netfilter on .bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 0net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 0# Controls the default maxmimum
33、size of a mesage queuekernel.msgmnb = 65536# Controls the maximum size of a message, in byteskernel.msgmax = 65536# Controls the maximum shared segment size, in byteskernel.shmmax = 4294967295# Controls the maximum number of shared memory segments, in pageskernel.shmall = 268435456#ORACLE SETTINGfs.
34、aio-max-nr = 1048576fs.file-max = 6815744#kernel.shmall = 2097152#kernel.shmmax = 536870912kernel.shmmni = 4096kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500net.core.rmem_default = 262144net.core.rmem_max = 4194304net.core.wmem_default = 262144net.core.wmem_max = 10485861.7
35、禁用防火墙和SELNUX（所有节点）rootrac1 # service iptables status表格：filterChain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT tcp - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state
36、NEW tcp dpt:22 5 REJECT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination 1 REJECT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination rootrac1 # ser
37、vice iptables stopiptables：清除防火墙规则： 确定iptables：将链设置为政策 ACCEPT：filter 确定iptables：正在卸载模块： 确定rootrac1 # chkconfig iptables offrootrac1 # chkconfig iptables -listiptables 0:关闭1:关闭2:关闭3:关闭4:关闭5:关闭6:关闭rootrac1 # vi /etc/selinux/config# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.# SELINUX= can t
38、ake one of these three values:# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.SELINUX=disabled# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of these two values:# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,# mls - M
39、ulti Level Security protection.SELINUXTYPE=targetedrootrac2 # service iptables status表格：filterChain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination 1 ACCEPT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state RELATED,ESTABLISHED 2 ACCEPT icmp - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 3 ACCEPT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 4 ACCEPT
40、 tcp - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 state NEW tcp dpt:22 5 REJECT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination 1 REJECT all - 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 reject-with icmp-host-prohibited Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)num target prot opt source destination