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1、New Century College English (Book I)Unit Three Personality DevelopmentI. Teaching Objectives 1. Learn about using vivid words for vivid pictures. 2.Grasp the key words, Phrases and structure.3.Master the skills of writing and reading in this unit. II. Teaching Content1. Lead-in activities2. Text Org
2、anization3. Language points ( key words, phrases and difficult sentences)4. Grammar Focus (four basic concepts of nouns)III. Teaching Process1.Warm-up ActivityA) Discussion1) Do you like your personality? Why or why not?2) Have you ever changed your personality? What made the change?3) Do you want t
3、o adjust your personality in the future? Why or why not?4) What elements have contributed to the shaping of your present personality?5) What is your favorite color? Do you think it is related to your personality?B). Proverbs and quotations1). It takes all sorts to make a world.大千世界，千奇百怪。2). There is
4、 no disputing about tastes.人的趣味是无法解释的。3). What is bred in the bone will stick to the flesh.秉性难移。4). Personality is to a man what perfume is to a flower. C. C. Schwab, USA businessman品格之于人，犹如芳香之于花。美国实业家 C. C. 施瓦布5). Character is what you are in the dark. D. L. Moody, USA churchman暗处最能反映一个人真正品格。 美国教士
5、D. L. 穆迪6). As fruit needs not only sunshine but cold nights and chilling showers to ripen it, so character needs not only joy but trial and difficulty to mellow it. Hugh Black, American writer水果不仅需要阳光，也需要凉夜和寒冷的雨水才能成熟。同样，人的性情陶冶不仅需要欢乐，也需要考验和困难。 美国作家 H. 布莱克2.Text OrganizationPart1 (para1-7) What is pe
6、rsonality or the definition of personality.Part2 (para8-12) The two factors that influence personality development are heredity and environment.3. Language Points1). People come in all shapes and sizes. They also come with distinctive personalities.How do you understand “in all shapes and sizes?(= I
7、t means people have various looks and figures.)Translate the two sentences into Chinese.(= 人有高矮胖瘦，个性也各不相同。)2). Every person feels the same basic emotions, such as fear, happiness, anxiety and pain, yet each responds to them individually.How does each person respond to these basic emotions?(= People
8、respond to the same basic emotions differently. The response is decided by his/her personality.)Think about some specific examples to illustrate this point. For instance, what do you do when you feel happy and what about your friend with a different personality?(= Open-ended.)3). As you observe how
9、people handle their emotions, you start to form a picture of this part of their personality.What does “this part of their personality refer to?(= It refers to the emotional traits of personality.)Paraphrase the sentence.(= When you see how people respond to their emotions, you begin to learn somethi
10、ng of the emotional aspect of their personality.)4). People are also different in how they relate to others.What does “relate to mean?(= It means to have a certain relationship with.)What category of personality traits does this sentence refer to?(= It refers to the social traits of personality.)5).
11、 Usually you need to get to know a person well enough before you can discover the full depth of that persons personality.How do you understand “the full depth of that persons personality?(= It means what the person is truly like.)Can you find a traditional Chinese saying with a similar meaning to th
12、is sentence?(= 路遥知马力，日久见人心。)6). In fact, the combination of these influences may not be the same for every person.What do “these influences refer to?(= “These influences refer to the heredity influence and the environment influence.)What can be inferred from the sentence?(= For different people, the
13、 two influences at work have different effects on them in the process of personality development.)7). Other aspects of personality are shaped by what goes on around a person.Which kind of influence on personality does this sentence refer to?(= It refers to the environment influence on personality.)T
14、ranslate the sentence into Chinese.(= 性格的其他特征受到周围环境的影响。)8). Most people have at least some personality adjustments they would like to make.Paraphrase the sentence.(= Most people would like to change some of their personality traits.)What can be inferred from this sentence?(= The majority of people a
15、re not satisfied with their personality. Therefore they want to make some adjustments to improve it.)9). Adolescence is a time for personality development, and personality is developing right along with everything else.What does “along with mean?(= It means together with.)What can you learn from thi
16、s sentence?(= As adolescents, we should take the chance to develop the personality we want to have.)10). Just as an athlete builds skills, you can build the personality you want to have, but only if you are determined to do so.What is the precondition for a person to build his/her personality?(= He/
17、She has to make up his/her mind to do so.)Translate the sentence into Chinese.(= 正如运发动培养技能一样，你也能建立你想要有的个性，但一定要有决心才行。)11). combination: n. the act of combining or state of being combined* The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners. * Pink is a combination of re
18、d and white.Collocation:make a combination 形成组合a fixed combination 固定搭配in combination (with) 联合，与合作NB: 注意该词的词性变化。它的动词形式为combine。12). sum up: give a statement of the main points (of a report, a speech, a trial, etc.) 教授以扼要的重述结束了报告。(= The professor concluded the lecture by summing up.)* I cannot find
19、an epithet (表述词语) to sum up my feelings.13). compose: v.(1) write something, especially a piece of music or poetry* She began to compose at an early age.* He plays the piano beautifully, and he composes his own music.(2) make (oneself) calm or tranquil* Compose yourself and deal with the problems lo
20、gically.(= 冷静下来，并且理性地处理问题。)(3) make up (something); form (something)* Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen.* The committee was composed mainly of teachers and parents.CF: compose, comprise, constitute & consist这几个词都是动词，均有“组成之意。compose的主语表示事物的组成局部，宾语表示事物的整体。但在被动语态中正好相反。例如：* England, Scotland, and
21、 Wales compose the island of Great Britain. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成大不列颠岛。* All substances are composed of a great many particles called atoms. 一切物质都是由大量称作原子的粒子构成的。comprise可以表示“包含、“由组成之意，此时主语表示事物的整体，宾语表示事物的组成局部；也可以表示“构成之意，此时主语表示事物的组成局部，宾语表示事物的整体。例如：* The committee comprises ten persons. 委员会由十人组成。* Do you know
22、how many states comprise the United States? 你知道美国是由多少个州构成的吗？constitute的主语表示事物的组成局部，宾语表示事物的整体。例如：* Seven days constitute a week. 七天为一个星期。consist是个不及物动词，与介词of一起连用，不可用于被动语态。consist的主语表示事物的整体，of后的宾语表示事物的组成局部。例如：* Our dinner consists of three courses only. 我们的晚餐只有三道菜。14). emotional: adj. (1) of or relati
23、ng to emotion* The childs bad behavior is a result of emotional problems.(2) having feelings which are strong or easily made active* He was very emotional; he cried when I left.NB: 该词的名词形式为emotion。Collocation:stir/whip up emotion(s) 激发起感情express emotion 表达情感show emotion 显露出情感suppress/contain ones em
24、otions 抑制感情15). anxiety: n. (1) fear and worry, esp. as caused by uncertainty about something* The doctors report removed all their anxieties.他们对她的平安感到非常担忧。(= They felt strong anxiety for her safety.)(2) a strong wish to do something; eagerness* anxiety to please(= 急于取悦)Collocation:anxiety about 对的焦
25、虑* There was much anxiety about the future of these theatres. 人们对这些剧院的前途忧心忡忡。anxiety for 为担忧display anxiety 表现出焦虑relieve ones anxiety 消除某人的忧虑CF: anxiety, concern & worry这三个词作为名词都有“忧虑、“烦恼之意。anxiety意为“忧虑、“担忧，往往指悬而未决或吉凶难卜的事所引起的焦虑与紧张，也指可能即将到来的灾难和不幸所产生的恐惧与忧虑。concern意为“关心、“关切、“忧虑，往往指出于尊敬或个人利益、兴趣等而对某事产生的关心
26、与忧虑，不是无动于衷的状态，程度较缓和。worry意为“烦恼、“忧虑，指一种内心深处的忧虑，其烦躁不安与反复思量的程度比anxiety深，并带有强烈的个人情感色彩。Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.(1) Life is full of _. (= worries)(2) Everyone has _ of his own. (= anxieties)(3) The Prime Minister expressed his _ over the postal
27、strike. (= concern)(4) Our _ grew when the mountain climbers hadnt returned by nightfall. (= anxiety)(5) It is a _ to me having to leave the sick child alone in the house. (= worry)(6) Its my _ for your future that makes me ask you all these questions. (= concern)16). respond: v. (1) act in answer*
28、I kicked the dog, which responded with a growl.他对我的建议报以一笑。(= He responded to my suggestion with a laugh.)(2) answer someone or something* She responded to my letter with a phone call.* He responded that he had not been in the building at the time.17). keep (sth.) to: keep private to oneself* He kept
29、 the news to himself.* She doesnt go out much; she likes to keep to herself.(= 她不常出门，喜欢自己独处。)18). reveal: vt.(1) allow to be seen* Close examination revealed a crack in the vase.* The curtain opened, to reveal a darkened stage.(2) make known我不能透露是谁告诉我的。(= I cant reveal who told me.)* Teachers reveal
30、ed to the press that they were going on strike.19). influence: (1) n. the capacity to have an effect on the character, development, or behavior of sb. or sth., or the effect itself* He has a strange influence over the girl.父母对子女的影响 (= the influence of parents on their children) person, fact, etc. th
31、at exercises such power* Religion has been an influence for good in her life.* We are subject to many influences.(2) vt. have an effect on* Dont let me influence your decision.* What influenced you to do it?Collocation:exert influence on 对施加影响strengthen ones influence 加强势力under sb.s influence 在某人的影响
32、下under the influence of 在的影响下* drive under the influence of alcohol 酒后开车outside influences 外界影响20). entertain: v.(1) amuse and interest* A teacher should entertain as well as teach.* Could you entertain the children for an hour, while I make supper?(= 我做晚饭时，你能哄孩子们玩一个小时吗？)(2) give a party (for); prov
33、ide food and drink (for)* Bob and Liz entertained us to dinner last night.* He does most of his entertaining in restaurants.NB: 注意该词的词性变化。其名词形式为entertainment；entertaining作为形容词意为“有趣的、“使人娱乐的；entertainer是名词，意思是“专业表演者、“提供娱乐者。21). at work: doing sth., in operation* inflationary forces at work in the econ
34、omy(= 在经济领域中起作用的通货膨胀)* I am at work on a new project now.22). environment: n. the natural or social conditions in which people live* We have to stop spoiling the environment.不愉快的家庭环境能影响儿童的行为。(= An unhappy home environment can affect a childs behavior.)Collocation:clean up the environment 清理环境improve
35、 the environment 改善环境preserve/protect the environment 保护环境pollute the environment 污染环境23). inherit: vt.(1) receive something from someone who has died or moved on* Hes inherited a fortune from his rich uncle.* The new administration inherited the economic problems of the last four years.(2) derive (
36、qualities, etc.) from an ancestor* She inherited her mothers good looks and her fathers bad temper.24). resemblance: n. similarity, esp. in appearance; likeness你能看出家人之间的相似之处吗？(= Can you see a family resemblance?)* Theres a strong resemblance between the two sisters.* She bears a resemblance to her m
37、other.CF: likeness, resemblance & similarity这三个词都是名词，都有“相像、“相似之意，在一些情况下可以通用。likeness最普通，比resemblance意味更强。resemblance主要是针对外观或外在的性质而言。similarity多指物，强调性质、特色、程度的相似或类似。25). aspect: n. (1) a particular side of a many-sided state of affairs, idea, plan, etc.* look at every aspect of the problem* The traini
38、ng course covers every aspect of the job.(2) the direction in which a window, room, or front of a building faces这房子朝南。(= The house has a southern aspect.)(3) appearance or look* Her face has an angry aspect.* a man of enormous size and terrifying aspect(= 面目狰狞的彪形大汉)Collocation:a serious aspect 严重性fr
39、om an aspect 从一个方面in an aspect 在一方面a grim aspect 严厉的26). circumstance: n. usu. pl. a fact, condition, or event concerned with and influencing another event, person, or course of action外貌如果情况允许，工作从星期一开始。(= Work will begin on Monday if circumstances permit.) * in easy/poor circumstances(= 处于富裕/贫穷状况)Co
40、llocation:in/under no circumstances 决不；无论如何都不* Under no circumstances should you lend him any money. 你无论如何都不该把钱借给他。in/under the circumstances 既然这样；在这种情况下* She coped well in the circumstances, e.g. even though she was feeling ill. 她在这种情况下仍处理得当如虽然身体不适。27). surround: v. be or go around on every side* H
41、e likes to surround himself with beautiful things.监狱的四周都是高墙。(= The prison is surrounded by a high wall.)28). impact: n. (1) the strong effect that something has on something else* Her new idea made a great impact in the office.* The new computer has made quite an impact on us.(2) the force of one ob
42、ject hitting another* the impact of a collision (= 碰撞产生的冲击)29). affect: vt. (1) have an influence on (sb./sth.); produce an effect on* The change in climate may affect your health.* The tax increases have affected us all.(2) cause (sb.) to have feelings of sadness or sympathy; touch* We were deeply
43、affected by the news of his death.CF: influence & affect这两个词作为动词都有“影响之意。influence指通过劝说、催促、举例或行动等间接途径对人的思想、品质、行为或对其成长等产生影响，也可表示对一种形势局面的左右。这种影响可以是好的，也可以是坏的，但经常是不易发觉的，是潜移默化的。affect指通过某事物本身直接显现影响，具有某种促进因素，足以引起人或事物的反响。当其宾语是人时，常表示心智或情感上的波动，以及健康情况的变化。这种影响多为消极的，通常是能够发觉到的。30). secure: adj.(1) safe; protected
44、 against danger or risk* a castle secure from attack* a secure job(2) closed, firm, or tight enough for safety离开房子之前要把窗户关紧。 (= Make the windows secure before leaving the house.)* A climber needs secure footholds.Collocation:secure against/from 免受侵害等的* secure against attack 免受攻击的* secure from danger
45、没有危险secure in 在方面是牢固的* secure in ones beliefs 坚守自己的信仰secure about 对放心的* He feels secure about his future. 他对自己的前途感到放心。31). harmful: adj. causing or likely to cause harm* A few late nights are harmful to your health.吸烟的害处(= the harmful effects of smoking)32). exert: vt. use strength or skills in a de
46、termined way for a particular purpose* My wifes been exerting a lot of pressure on me to change my job.* He exerted all his influence to make them accept his plan.Collocation:exert all ones strength使出全身力气exert influence on 对施加影响exert pressure on 给压力exert oneself 努力；尽力他不必为我费那么大力气。 (= He doesnt have t
47、o exert himself on my behalf.)* Youll have to exert yourself more if you want to pass your exam.33). satisfy: v. (1) give (sb.) what sb. wants, demands or needs; make contented * Shes not satisfied with anything but the best. * Some people are very hard to satisfy.(2) fulfill (a need, desire, etc.); do enough to meet (a requirement, etc.)* satisfy sb.s hunger/