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1、2022年上海震旦职业学院自考英语（二）练习题汇总（附答案解析）第1题【单项选择题】【概括大意】The charming smiles and service from the sales ladies and gentlemen are always there ready for you. More often than not （往往）,on such occasions newcomers from elsewhere, say, China mainland, may feel something more than mere uneasiness-even a sense of g
2、uilt if they do not buy something from the shop. For some local old-timers （老前辈, 老人）,especially the teenagers, they feel quite at home with all these. Some of them think it is no good to be the God; sometimes they would rather be a shoplifter. The main idea of this paragraph is.A、 Hong Kong is worth
3、y of its reputation as a business center of the world.B、 It is uneasy to be offered smiles and services.C、Shopping or window-shopping here, you can really feel the meaning of The Customer is the God ! ”D、 Shoplifting has been a frequent criminal offence.【正确答案】c【答案解析】本段强调的是这里顾客是上帝的这种理念和气氛。因此选择C。第2题【单
4、项选择题】【填句补文】Scientists have learned that the sense of pain is made up of both chemical and electrical signals. . Scientists also have learned that the nervous system sends two different kinds-of pain messages to the brain: one very fast, the other slow.A、 It tells us not to use the injured part until
5、 it heals.B、These signals travel from nerve cells in the injured area, up the spinal cord （脊髓）to the brain, and back down again. did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about elec
6、tric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failureB、Never a successful man gives upC、It is important to fail for a successful manD、EdisonS comment on failure【正确答案】D【答案解析】通过应用局部可以看出这段文字的主题是爱迪生对失败的评论。因 此选择Do第20题【单项选择题】He
7、declined more about it.A、sayB、to sayC、saidD、saying【正确答案】B【答案解析】decline后面可以跟动词不定式，其它形式比方ing形式用的很少。第21题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many friends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋10友，但他常常感到孤独。第22题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in t
8、he human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a number of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodi
9、ne in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human d
10、iet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第23题【单项选择题】【填句补文 Arms. How you hold your arms shows how open and receptive you are to people you meet. If you keep your arms to the sides of your body or behind your back, this suggests you are not afraid of taki
11、ng on whatever comes your way. If someone upsets you, just cross your arms to show youre unhappy!A、Outgoing people generally use their arms with big movements, while quieter people keep them close to their bodies.B、If you ale feeling down, you normally dont sit straight, with your shoulders inwards.
12、C、However, it will probably still be noticed, and people will know youre not pleased.11Dlf you are pleased, you usually open your eyes wide and people can notice this.【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题可以采用线索词来定位。空格处的前后两个句子都是对arms 在具体情况下具体动作的描述。那么用以补充的句子也应是如此，即选项A开朗 的人和沉默寡言的人手臂的动作，符合条件。第24题【单项选择题】2009.10 he has many fr
13、iends, he is often feeling lonely.A、AsB、WhenC、WhileD、Since【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查状语从句的附属连词。【译文】尽管（虽然）他有许多朋 友，但他常常感到孤独。第25题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant where they were going to have lunch after her appointment. She called to see if he was there. She
14、said, “My husband has Alzheimers （老年痴呆）and he shouldn/t be driving without me. Numerous thoughts ran through my head. Call the police, call her family, and notify （通知）the doctors office she had just come from! But at first, I offered to drive to the local restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her
15、there.The elderly woman cried in the lobby when she was talking to.A、her husband with AlzheimersB、the nurse in the doctors officeC、a local restaurantD、one of her family members【正确答案】C12【答案解析】答案选Co根据文章本段中She told me her name was Helen and she was talking to a local restaurant可知答案为C项。Helen由于担忧自己丈夫安危，
16、但又找不到人，情急之下先打 到俩人约好即将要去的餐厅询问情况。第26题【单项选择题】The central theatre has a seating of more than 3, 000 people.A、capabilityB、capacityC、abilityD、facility【正确答案】B【答案解析】题目意思：中央剧院能容纳3000多人就座。此题是词义选择题。A （实际）能力，才能，性能；B能力，容量,容积capacity后常接of doing sth.；C能力，技能，才智ability后常接to do sth.； D能力，才干，方便，设施较 正式用法,后常接in, with.第2
17、7题【单项选择题】【I阅读声U断】Five neighbors at a central Missouri retirement community who are all centenarians （百岁老人）get asked all the time： /zHow did you live to be 100?Q: The five centenarians live in a very friendly community.A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选Co题目说的是这五位百岁老人生活在一个非常友好的社 区，文章开头局部提到了commu
18、nity（社区），但该句并没有说这五位百岁老人 生活的社区是否是一个友好的社区，因此判断问题句的信息在文章中没有提到。第28题【单项选择题】13【阅读选择】Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and wonderful family, but realized his father was very old, and thought perhaps he should go to him. He had not seen him since th
19、at graduation day. Before he could make arrangements to see his father, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care things. When he arrived at his father/s house, sudden sadness and regr
20、et filled his heart.When the young man arrived home, he felt.A、sadB、disappointedC、horribleD、nervous【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。事实细节题。年轻人回到家里，出现了两个关键词sadness 和regret,可以判断年轻人的心情是非常伤心的。应选A。第29题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Intelligence was believed to be a fixed entity, some faculty of the mind that we all possess and which dete
21、rmines in some way the extent of our achievements. Its Value therefore, was as a predictor of childrens future learning. If they differed markedly in their ability to learn complex tasks, then it was clearly necessary to educate them differently and the need for different types of school and even di
22、fferent ability groups within school was obvious. Intelligence tests could be used for streaming children according to ability at an early age; and at 11 these tests were superior to measures of attainment for selecting children for different types of secondary education. It was once believed, and t
23、hus we can tell how successful he/she will be in the future according to his/her intelligence.A、born to be more intelligent or less intelligentB、taught to be more intelligent14C、that intelligence was something a baby was born withD、and because of the lack of communication with his classmates【正确答案】c【
24、答案解析】空格处需要真正的主语（It是形式主语），因此根据语法结构判断C 是答案。该句大意是人们曾经一度相信，智力是一个孩子天生所具有的，因为 我们可以根据他/她的智力水平判断他/她在将来是否会取得成功。第30题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive. Oil and gas explorations have existed for nearly thirty years. Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron
25、, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.According to the author, technology is important because.A、resources on land are running short in ten yearsB、man can use it to explore the deeper seaC、it is a lot of fun diving into the seaD、ancient people used it to explore the sea【正确答案】B【答案解析】本段第一句作者提到Th
26、e riches of the sea yet to be developed by mans technology are impressive,人类利用技术可以开发的海洋资源是惊人的。 段末说至U： Valuable amounts of minerals such as iron, copper and so on exist on the ocean floor.然而，大量有价值的矿物均还埋藏于海底。如铁，铜等等。其他三 项都没有提到。第31题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】The UK is portioned at No. 29, a much lower position chiefl
27、y because of the social and family breakdown recorded in official statistics. The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP（人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey. China was in the lower haft of the league at 60th. Q: The United States of America is among the top 10 count
28、ries in the survey.15A、TrueB、FalseC、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。问题句说美国位于前十个国家的行列。The US, which has the second highest per capita GDP （人均国内生产总值）after Luxembourg, took the 13th place in the survey.该句说“美国的人均国内生产总值排名第2,仅位于卢森 堡之后，因此美国在这项调查中位于第13位。”显然问题句的说法与该句的说法 不一致，因此判断问题句错误。第32题【单项选择题】the staff to work
29、hard.2009.10 The profit-sharing plan is designed toA、calculateB、demonstrateC、speculateD、motivate【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查词语辨析。【译文】利润共享计划目的是激发员工努力工 作。A计算、估算B证实、论证、演示 C思索、推测 D激励、激发第33题【单项选择题】2008.10 It is strongly held that new must be introduced to protect theright of the immigrants.A、statisticsB、constructio
30、nsC、measuresD、concessions【正确答案】c【答案解析】此题考查名词词义区分。【译文】强烈支持采取新措施维护移民的16权力。【详细解答】A统计学 B建设 C措施，方法 D让步，特许 权第34题【单项选择题】【完成句子】The importance of particular metals in the human diet has been realized within the past few decades, and the idea that geology might be related to health has been recognized for a n
31、umber of elements such as iodine, zinc and selenium. For example, soils with low iodine contents produce crops, and animals deficient in iodine. A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases.Some serious diseases is connected with deficiency of.A、industrially polluted soilsB、the
32、element of iodineC、rock and soil chemistryD、the persistence of heavy metals【正确答案】B【答案解析】通过关键词Some serious diseases,可将题目定位于最后一句话：A lack of iodine in the human diet leads to some serious diseases, deficiency of 和 lack of表达同样的意思缺乏、缺少，因此根据这句话可以判断答案为B。第35题【单项选择题】【填句补文】There is a difference between scienc
33、e and technology. . Science has to do with discovering the facts and relationships between observable phenomena in nature and with establishing theories that serve to organize these facts and relationships; technology has to do with tools, techniques, and procedures for applying the findings of scie
34、nce.A、Another distinction between science and technology has to do with the progress in each.B、 We are all familiar with the improper use of technology.C、Unlike science, progress in technology must be measured in terms of the17human factor.D、Science is a method of answering theoretical questions; te
35、chnology is a method of solving practical problems.【正确答案】D【答案解析】第一句总述了科学和技术是有差异的。缺空后是对两者的分述，因 此缺空处也应是对两者的分述，应选D。第36题【单项选择题】【I阅读选择】Tom, a near-sighted young man, went on a blind date with a girl. The two were satisfied with each other. And they exchanged their telephone numbers. What can we learn abo
36、ut Tom?A、Tom made a good impression on the girl at first.B、 It was the first time that Tom had dated a girl.C、Tom was blind.D Tom was handsome and popular with the girls.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。细节判断题。从The two were satisfied with each other 可知，相亲过后，两人对对方都很满意，所以A选项正确，汤姆第一次见对方就 留下了很好的印象。B项所表述内容在文中找不到根据，不能判断这
37、是汤姆第几 次约会。根据文章描述，汤姆只是near-sighted,远不到盲了的地步。文章仅讲 述了汤姆和某一个女孩相亲的精力，对他的个人魅力以及是否受女孩欢迎并未提 及。第37题【单项选择题】【阅读判断】 Whether you work at home, on the farm, at the office, at school, or on the road， it is not a good idea to skip （故意略去）breakfast.Q: It is okay to skip breakfast if you work at home.A、TrueB、False18C、
38、Not Given【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B。原句的意思是：无论一个人在哪干活，不吃早餐都不是 个好主意。因此该命题是错误的。第38题【单项选择题】Youll be there tomorrow-you wont me, will you ?A、let., ofB、let., outC、let., downD let., off【正确答案】c【答案解析】let sb down表示让某人失望的意思。第39题【单项选择题】2009.01 I was writing a report last night;I would not have stayed up late.A、howeverB
39、otherwiseC、thereforeD、furthermore【正确答案】B【答案解析】此题考查副词词义辨析。句意：我昨天晚上写一个报告，否那么我就 不会熬夜了。A然而，不过；B否那么，要不然；C因此，所以；D再者，而且。第40题【单项选择题】【阅读选择】The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law. The more developed a legal system becomes, the more society takes responsibility for the discover
40、y, control, and punishment of violent acts. In most tribal societies the only means to deal with an act of violence is revenge. Each family group may have 19C、The first message is the warning signal.D The other message moves at a speed of only one meter a second.【正确答案】B【答案解析】第一句讲的是疼痛的感觉是由两种信号signals
41、组成的，所以紧接 着就提到两种信号的传播路线。B项恰恰照应了首句意思。第3题【单项选择题】2009.10 There are many sales this season, during which stores will lower their prices.A、normalB、generalC、ordinaryD、usual【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查形容词辨析。整句话的意思为:这个季节有很多促销活动， 在此期间商店都会降低商品的原价。A正常的、平常的B普通的、一般的C普 通的 D寻常的、通常的第4题【单项选择题】【完成句子】Most of us can find 15 minute
42、s or half an hour each day for some regular activity. For example, one famous surgeon always spent 15 minutes reading something before he went to sleep each day. Whether he went to bed at 10 p.m. or 2:30 a.m. made no diff ere nee.You are advised to read something before youA、find the topic sentences
43、B、find out the new wordsC、keep reading fastD、go to bed every day【正确答案】D the responsibility for personally carrying out judgment and punishment upon the person who committed the offense. But in legal systems, the responsibility for revenge becomes depersonalized and diffused. The society assumes the
44、responsibility for protecting individuals from violence. In cases where they cannot be protected, the society is responsible for imposing punishment. The function of legal systems, according to the passage, is.A、to control violence within a societyB、to protect the world from chaosC、to free society f
45、rom the idea of revengeD、to give the government absolute power【正确答案】A【答案解析】本段的第一句话 The violence within a society is controlled through institutions of law是此题的答案。第41题【单项选择题】2008.10 Never before so rapidly developing as it is today.A、has our country beenB、has been our countryC、our country has beenD ou
46、r country been has【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查语法。【译文】我们国家从未像现在这样高速开展。【详细 解答】否认词never在句首，该句子应采用局部倒装。第42题【单项选择题】2009.01 He insured his car he had an accident.A、unlessB、ifC since20D、in case【正确答案】D【答案解析】此题考查连词词义区分。句意：他给自己的汽车投了保，以防万一 遇到交通事故。A否那么，要不然；B如果；C自从，由于；D以防万一，以免。第43题【单项选择题】2008.10 ICountry life is better tha
47、n city life it offers fresh air and noiselessenvironment.A、in thatB、as thatC、as forD、in which【正确答案】A【答案解析】此题考查复合句。句意为：乡村生活好过城市生活，因为它空气新 鲜且环境无噪音。in that是复合连接词，只在一定的句式中使用。也可以用作 一个固定词组。A在于，原因是，在方面；C.关于，至于，举例：I like the country better in that it is closer to nature.我更喜欢乡村，因为它更接近自然。第44题【单项选择题】【概括大意】Many
48、of lifes failures, the supreme innovator said, are people who did not realize how close they were to success when they gave up. Before that magical moment in October 1879, Edison had worked out no fewer than 3,000 theories about electric light, but in only two cases did his experiments work.The main idea of this paragraph is.A、Importance of learning from failu