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1、人教版新目标八年级英语上册1-5单元知识点总结-副本新目标八年级英语上册第一单元 Unit 1.How often do you exercise? I.重点短语归纳： on weekends在周末 1. go to the movies去看电影 2. look after=take care of照看 3. surf the internet上网 4. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 5. go skateboarding去滑滑板 watch TV看电视 6. keep healthy=stay healthy= keep in good health保持健康 keep +
2、形容词表保持某种状态 do some reading阅读 7. exercise= take/do (much) exercise=do sports熬炼 8. eating habits饮食习惯 9. take more exercise做更多的运动 10. the same as与什么相同 11. once a month一月一次 12. be different from不同 13. twice a week一周两次.three times a week一周三次 14. make a difference to对什么有影响 As teachers, you must believe th
3、at you can make a difference to the lives of your students. 身为老师，你们必需坚信你们能够影响学生的一生。 A false step will make a great difference to my future. 错走一步对我的前程来说会产生很大影响。 15. how often多久一次，询问动作发生的频率 how many times 多少次 ，用来提问做某事的次数 16. although=though虽然<不能与but连用> Although he is old, he is quite strong. (He
4、 is old, but he is quite strong.) 句子中，有although或though就不行再用but，但可用yet或still“仍旧，还”；有because就不能再用so. 17. most of the students=most students大多数学生 18. shop=go shopping=do some shopping购物 19. as for至于 20. activity survey活动调查 21. do homework做家庭作业 22. do house work做家务事 23. eat less meat吃更少的肉 24. junk food垃
5、圾食物 25. be good for对什么有益 26. be bad for对什么有害 27. want to do sth想做某事 28. want sb to do sth想某人做某事 29. try to do sth尽量做某事 30. come home from school放学回家 31. of course=certainly=sure当然 32. get good grades取得好成果 33. some advice 一些建议 some advice 中的 advice 是不行数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 give advice 提出建议 take
6、ones advice 接受或听从某人的建议 4. help sb to do sth帮助某人做某事=help sb with sth 35. a lot of vegetables=many vegetables很多蔬菜 36. hardly= almost not几乎不hardly ever很少，几乎不，从不 37. keep/be in good health保持健康 38. your favorite program你最喜爱的节目 39. Animal World动物世界 40. play soccer踢足球 41.every day每天 everyday与everyday 1. ev
7、ery day作状语，译为“每一天”。如： We go to school at 7:10 every day. 我们每天7：10去上学。 I decide to read English every day. 我确定每天读英语。 2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。 She watches everyday English on TV after dinner. 她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。 Whats your everyday activity?你的日常活动是什么？ 42.once or twice a week每周一两次 43. three or four times a
8、week每周三四次 44. at Green High School在格林中学 45. all students全部的学生 46. most students大多数学生 47. some students一些学生 48. no students没有学生 49.the result of a survey调查结果 50.the result for “watch TV”“看电视”的调查结果 51. improve your English提高你的英语 52. drink milk喝牛奶 53. pretty healthy相当健康 prettyadv.相当，特别 Pretty（用作副词时） =r
9、ather=very=quite 特别，相当 54. kind of= a little有点 I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。 二.重点句子： 1.How often do you exercise?你（你们）多久熬炼一次身体？ How often +助动词do(does或did) +主语+ do sth.?疑问词how often是问频率(多久一次),（在这里助动词do(does或did)是起帮助构成疑问的作用）与一般现在时或一般过去时连用，回答一般是用表示频率的副词，如：once, twice, three times, sometimes, o
10、ften, quite, often, never, every day, once a week , twice a month , three times a month , three or four times a month等。 How often do you go to the factory? Twice a week.你们多久到工厂去一次？ 每星期两次。 “How often does he go shopping?” “He goes shopping once a month.” 2“What do you usually doonweekends?” “ I usual
11、ly play soccer.” “周末你通常做什么？”“我通常踢足球。” 第一个do为助动词,在这起帮助构成疑问的作用；而其次个do则是实义动词。 翻译：What do you usually do on weekends? I often go to the movies. What does she usually do on weekends? She sometimes go hiking. 3. “Whats your favorite program?” “Its Animal World.” “你最喜爱什么节目？”“动物世界。” 4.As forhomework , most
12、students do homework every day . as for.意思是“至于；关于”，常用于句首作状语，其后跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式（即动名词）。如： As for him，I never want to see him here.至于他，我恒久不希望在这里见到。 As for the story，youd better not believe it.关于那故事，你最好不要信任。 至于我自己，我现在不想去。As for myself, I dont want to go now. 至于那个人，我什么都不知道。As for the man, I know nothing
13、about him. 5. Mom wants me to get up at 6:00 and play ping-pong with her . want to do sth.意思是“想要做某事”； want sb. to do sth.意思是“想要某人做某事”。如： Do you want to go to the movies with me？你想和我一起去看电影吗？ The teacher doesnt want us to eat hamburgers.老师不想让我们吃汉堡包。 有许多动词后面用这种结构做动词的复合宾语 ask sb. to do sth.叫某人做某事 tell s
14、b. to do sth.告知某人去做某事 help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 6. She says its good for my health. be good for.表示“对有益（有好处）”;其反义为：be bad for.。（这里for是 介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）如： Its good for us to do more reading.多读书对我们有好处。 Reading in bed is bad for your eyes.在床上读书对你的眼睛有害。 7. How many hours do you sleep every night? 8. I
15、exercise every day , usually when Icome home from school. 9. My eating habits are pretty good .这里pretty相当于very。 10.I try to eata lot ofvegetables , usuallyten to eleven times a week. try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事”，不包含是否胜利的意思而try doing sth.表示 “（用某一方法）试着去做某事”。如: Youd better try doing the experiment in anothe
16、r way. 你最好试试用另一种方法做这个试验。 11. My healthy lifestyle helps meget good grades. help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事 12. Good food and exercise help me to study better. 这里better是well的比较级，而不是good的比较级 13.Is her lifestylethe same asyours or different? Is her lifestylethe same asyour lifestyle or is her lifestylediff
17、erent fromyours? be the same as / be different from 14. What sports do you play ? 15. A lot of vegetables help you tokeep in good health. keep in good health = keep healthy = stay healthy 16. You must try to eat less meat . try to do sth.表示“尽力做某事” ,不包含是否胜利的意思,less是little的比较级 17. That sounds interest
18、ing. 这是“主语+系动词+表语”结构的简洁句。sound（听起来），look（看起来），smell （闻起来），taste（尝起来），feel（觉得），seem（好象），grow（变得）,get （变得）等词在英语中可用作系动词，后跟形容词作表语。如： It tastes good.这味道好。 The music sounds very sweet.这音乐听起来很入耳。 The smoke grew heavier and heavier.烟雾变得越来越浓了。 18. I think Im kind of unhealthy.我想我有点不健康。 kind of= a little a ki
19、nd of一种 三学问结构 .留意sometimes与几个形似的词的区分。 (1) sometime是副词，意为“在某个时候”，“某时” Will you come again sometime next week? (2) some time是名词词组，意为“一段时间”，做时间状语用 I will stay here for some time.我将在这呆一段时间。 (3) some times是名词词组，意为“几次，几倍” I met him some times in the street last month. 上个月我在街上遇到他好几次了。 （4）sometimes是频度副词，意为“
20、有时” He sometimes goes skateboarding on weekends. 他有时周末去滑滑板。 time意为“时间”时，为不行数名词。意为“次数，倍数”时，为可数名词， What time is it? I go to the movies three times a week. 留意“次数”的表达方法 一次once，两次twice，三次或三次以上用基数词加上times： three times、five times、one hundred times. 表示“几次”的表达方法是： once a day/ a week/ a month/ a year twice a
21、day/ a week/ a month/ a year same与different 1.same指“相同的”，前面通常要有一个定冠词the，但是假如same前面已经有this，those等词，就不能再与the连用了。如： We are in the same class. 我们在同一个班级。 结构：the same as与.一样如： His mark is the same as mine.他的分数和我的分数一样。 2.different译为“不同的”，其后的可数名词应为复数形式。如： We are in different classes. 我们在不同的班级。 结构：be differe
22、nt from与.不同如： This sweater is different from that one.这件毛衣与那一件不同。 different的名词形式为difference, 复数形式为differences。 hard / hardly hard: hard既可作形容词，也可作副词。adj.辛苦的，困难的 adv.努力，用劲地 He had a hard (adj.)time in the past. Its a hard (adj.) question. (=difficult)这是一个难的问题。 The boy studies very hard (adv.). 那男孩学习特别
23、努力 He workshard.他努力工作。 句子结构：Its hard for sb to do sth 做某事对某人来说是难的。如： Its hard for him to finish the work. 完成那项工作对他来说很难。 留意区分：hard work 困难的工作 work hard 努力工作 hardly是频度副词，表示否定的意思。（=almost not）通常用在形容词、副词和动词之前。hardly: adv.几乎不，简直不 I can hardly see it.我几乎看不到它。 Hehardlyworks.他几乎不工作。 Ithardlyrains here,doesi
24、t? how often / how long / how soon / how far how often:“隔多久一次”，指动作的频率，答语常用often, never, twice a week等表示频率的副词或短语。（用于一般现在时或一般过去时） How often do you go to the movies? Once a week. / I never go to the movies. how long: 1)“（持续）多长时间”，回答用for时间段或since时间点。（用于各种时态）；2)询问物体的长度。 How long is the Yellow River? How
25、long have you learned English? I have learned itfor 5 years. I have learned itsince 5 years ago. how soon:“还要多久才，多久以后”，答语常用“in时间段”。（用于一般将来时） How soon will she come back? Shell come backin an hour. how far:“多远”，询问距离。 Can you tell me how farit isfrom here to your home? How faris it from your home to o
26、ur school? Its2 kilometersaway. 人教新目标八年级英语上册 Unit 2 whats the matter? 一重点短语归纳 1. foot-feet脚<复> tooth-teeth牙齿<复> 2. have a cold感冒 3. have a stomachache胃疼 4. have a sore back背疼 5. have a sore throat喉咙疼 6. have a fever发烧 7. lie down and (have a)rest躺下休息 have a rest休息 8. hot tea with honey加蜜
27、的热茶 9. see a dentist看牙医 see a doctor 看医生 10.drink lots of water多喝水 11.lots of,a lot of, a lot a lot of=lots of，可以修饰可数名词复数和不行数名词，一般用在确定句中。： There are lots of （ a lot of） books in our library. There is a lot of water on the ground a lot,是一个副词词组，跟动词连用；表示非常，很等意思； Thanks a lot. 12. have a toothache牙疼 13.
28、 Thats a good idea好办法 14. go to bed去睡觉 go to bed early 早上床睡觉 15. feel well感到好feel ill感到不舒适 I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒适. 16. start doing/ to do sth起先做某事 TO DO 是一件事情完成了，起先做另外一件事情 DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半，现在又起先做了，是同一件事情。 17. two days ago两天前 18. get some rest多休息, 休息一会儿 19. I think so我认为是这样 20.
29、 be thirsty口渴 21. be hungry饥饿 22. be stressed out惊慌 23. listen to music听音乐 24. healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式 25. traditional Chinese doctors传统中医 26. need to do sth须要做某事 I have a toothache. I need to see a dentist.我牙痛,我须要去看牙医. We need to keep our classroom clean.我们须要保持教室的干净. 27. a balance of yin and yang阴
30、阳平衡 28. for example例如 29. too much yin太多的阴, 阴气太盛 too much +不行数名词太多的 much too +形/副实在太极其，特别 too many +可数名词复数太多的 30.be good for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有益 ，对什么有好处 be bad for sth./ doing sth. 对什么有害 be good to 对好 be good at =do well in 在方面好，擅长 begood(bad)for、begoodat的相关用法 1.be good for 对.有益 Doing morning exe
31、rcises is good for your health. 做早操对你们的建康有益。 2.be good at 擅长于. Li Ping is good at basketball.李平擅长于篮球。 = Li Ping is good at playing basketball.李平擅长于打篮球。 be good at = do well in 如： Im good at math. = I do well in math.我擅长于数学。 3.be good to 对.好 Parents are always good to their children.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好。 31.
32、get good grades 取得好成果 32.angry 用法 be angry with sb生某人的气 I wasangrywith him for keeping me waiting.我对他很生气，因为他让我等了好久。 be angry at/ about sth就某事生气 33.Chinese medicine中药 34.be popular in + some place 在某地很流行 Chinese medicine is now popular in many western countries.现在中药在很多西方国家受欢迎。 35.in western countries
33、在西方国家 36.Its easy to do sth做某事是简单的。Its important to do sth . 做某事很重要。 37.balanced diet平衡饮食 38.get tired感到疲乏 be/get tired 39.go out at night在晚上出去 When you are tired, you shouldnt go out at night.疲乏时，晚上你不该外出 40.stay healthy保持健康 =keep healthy=keep in good health 41.at the moment此时，此刻= now Im not feeling
34、 very well at the moment 42.enjoy sth. =like sth. (名词)喜爱某物, enjoy doing sth.喜爱做某事=like dong sth enjoy oneself (myself, yourself,herself, himself, themselves, ourselves, itself 反身代词) 玩得兴奋，过得开心=have a good time = have a wonderful time =have fun 43. conversation practice会话练习 44. host family寄宿家庭 45. hav
35、e a lot of headaches常常难受 Im tired and I have a lot of headaches.我很疲惫，而且常常头痛。 46. a few +可数名词复数少许 a little +不行数名词/形/副一点 47.He shouldnt eat anything =He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西. 48.give sb some advice给某人建议give advice 提出建议 advice 是不行数名词 a piece of advice 一则建议 take ones advice 接受或听从某人的建议 He gave me
36、 some goodadvice. 他向我提了一些很好的看法。 49.sleep 8 hours a night每晚睡眠八小时 50.take medicine 吃药 服药 I have to take medicine three times a day for my cold.因为感冒，我不得不一天吃三次药。 二 固定结构 Its +形 + for sb. + to do sth. 做某事对某人来说是的。 Its important to do sth .做某事很重要。 Its important for me to eat a balanced diet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的. I
37、ts easy to do sth做某事是简单的。 Its easy for us to find out the answer.找出答案对我们来说是简单的 三重点句子 1.Whats the matter ? Whats the mater with you ? 你怎么啦？ =Whats the trouble with you?=Whats wrong with you? I have a cold / have a sore back / have a stomachache 2.Thats too bad. You should / shouldnt那太糟糕了.你应当/不该 You s
38、hould lie down and rest / drink hot tea with honey / see a dentist / see a doctor . He shouldnt eat anything = He should eat nothing.他不应当吃任何东西. 3.Im not felling well . 这里well表示身体状况，不能用good代替 I dont feel well= Im not feeling well 我感觉不舒适. 4.When did it start ? About two days ago . 什么时候起先的？大约两天前 5.I ho
39、pe you fell better soon . 我希望你很快好起来 这里better是well的比较级 6.Traditional Chinese doctors believe we need a balance of yin and yang to be healthy. 传统中医认为我们须要阴阳调和以保持身体健康。 这里 to be healthy是动词不定式短语，作目的状语 7.You should eat hot yang foods, like beef.你应当吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物。 8.Eating Dangshen and Huangqi herbsisalso go
40、od for this. 吃党参和黄芪等草本植物也对这有好处。 9.People who are too stressed out and angry may have too much yang. 太惊慌易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物。too much后跟不行数名词，而too many后跟可数名词复数 10.Its easy to have a healthy lifestyle ,and its important to eat a balanced diet . 有一个健康的生活方式很简单，饮食平衡是很重要的。 Its easy to do sth . 做某事简单 / Its impor
41、tant to do sth . 做某事重要 11.You should rest for a few nights.你应当休息几个晚上 12.I study late every night, sometimes until 2 am, but I dont think Im improving. 我每天晚上学到很晚，有时到凌晨2点钟，但我认为我没有提高。 13believe in 信任某人，强调品质，believe sb.信任某人的话 I believe him, but I cant believe in him. 他的话是真的，但是我不信任他这个人。 14 .I have a toot
42、hache . I need to see a dentist . need意思为 “须要” ，作实义动词时，后跟动词不定式，否定式为dont /doesnt / didnt need (to do sth.) ；作情态动词时，只能用于否定句或疑问句中，否定式为neednt(do sth.) ，除有过去式外，没有其它的形态改变 四学问结构 .情态动词should的用法 should是情态动词，它的基本用法是必需和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的改变，意为“应当.“。 should（应当，应当）用于全部人称，表示劝说或建议。 eg. You should wait a little
43、more. 你应当再多等一会儿。 - I have a very bad cold.我感冒很厉害。 - You should lie down and have a rest.你应当躺下，多喝水。 maybe与maybe 1.maybe是副词，译为“或许、可能”，相当于“perhaps”。如： Maybe he can answer the question.或许他能回答那个问题。 He maybe is from the USA, too. 他可能也来自美国。 2.may be中的may为情态动词，译为“可能是.”。如： He may be from the USA, too. 他可能也来自
44、美国。 She may be our English teacher.她可能是我们的英语老师 toomany,toomuch与muchtoo 1.too many意为“太多”，用于修饰可数名词的复数。如： There are too many students in our class.我们班上有太多的学生。 2.too much意为“太多”，用于修饰不行数名词。如： We have too much work to do. 我们有太多的工作要做。 3.much too表示“太”，用来修饰形容词或副词。如： The box is much too heavy, so I cant carry
45、it. 箱子太重了，所以我搬不动它。 few、a few、little、a little的区分和联系： 1.few / a few用来修饰可数名词，few表示否定意义，没有，几乎没有；a few表示有确定意思， 有几个。 例如： He has few friends here, he feels lonely. 他这里没挚友，他感觉孤独。 There are a few eggs in the basket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋。 2.little / a little用来修饰不行数名词，little表示否定意思，没有，几乎没有。 a little 表示确定意思，有一点儿。 例如： There is little ink in my bottle, can you give me a little ink? 我的瓶子里没有墨水了，你能给我点儿墨水吗？ notuntil 直到 (否定句) 才，动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词 She didnt leave until we came. He went shopping after h