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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！小初高试卷教案类 K12 小学初中高中 推理判断类 建议用时：15 分钟 A 2015黑龙江大庆质检二We tend toP1 think of plants as the furnitureW1 of the natural world.They dont move,they dont make sounds and they dont seem to respond toP2 anything at least not very quickly.But as is often the case,o
2、ur human view of the world misses quite a lot.Plants talk to each other all the time.And the language is chemical.Over the years,scientists have reported that different types of plants,from trees to tomatoes,release compounds(化合物)into the air to help neighboring plants.These chemical warnings all ha
3、ve the same purposeto spread information about one plants disease or infestation so other plants can defend themselves.But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious.S In this weeks Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,researchers in Japan offered some
4、 explanationsW2.They had identified one chemical message and traced it all the way from release to action.The scientists looked at tomato plants infested by a common pest,the cutworm.The researchers studied leaves from exposed and unexposed plants.They found one compound showed upP3 more often in th
5、e exposedW3 plants.The substance is called HexVic.When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms,it knocked down their survival rate by 17%.The scientists identified the source of HexVic,and sprayedW4 it lightly over healthy plants.Those plants were then able to start producing the cutwormkilling HexVic
6、.Researchers confirmedW5 that uninfested plants have to build their own weapons to fight off bugs and disease.How do they know when to play defense?They are warned first by their friendly plant neighbors.It is a complex tale,and it may be happening in more plant species than tomatoes.It may also be
7、happening with more chemical signals that are still unknown to us.Further studies are needed to increase agricultural efficiency.人们倾向于认为植物是大自然的装饰品。它们不能移动，不能发出声响，看起来不对任何事情作出反应。但是情况常常并非如此，植物一直都在说话。1How do plants warn their neighbors?欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！小初高试卷教案类 K12 小学初中高中 A
8、They make use of winds.B They release some chemicals.C They identify the chemicals.D They are exposed early.答案：B 考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“scientists have reported that different types of plants,from trees to tomatoes,release compounds(化合物)into the air to help neighboring plants”可知，不同种类的植物通过释放一些化合物进而帮助附近的植物，即
9、B 项正确。2 Whats the function of HexVic?A It damages the cutworms body.B It shows up more.C It cures the disease.D It sprays over healthy plants.答案：A 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“When the scientists fed HexVic to cutworms,it knocked down their survival rate by 17%”和“Those plants were then able to start producing t
10、he cutwormkilling HexVic”可知，A 项正确。3 It can be inferred from the text that_.A there are not chemical signals B the phenomenon may be happening in less plant species than tomatoes C farmers may benefit from the further studies D plants are warned first by their neighbors 答案：C 考查推理判断。由文章的最后一句可推知，通过进一步的
11、科学研究可以提高农业效率，农民会从中受益，即 C 项正确。4 The passage is likely to appear in_.A a newspaper advertisement B a physics textbook C a science magazine D a finance report 答案：C考查推理判断。根据文章内容可推知，本文应该是一篇科研报告性质的文章，即 C 项正确。W重点词汇 1furniture n.家具；设备 2.explanation n.解释 3 expose vt.揭露；使曝光 4.spray n/v.喷射；喷雾器 5 confirm vt.确认；
12、证实 P 重点短语 1tend to 倾向于，易于 2 respond to 对作出回应 3 show up 出现；露面 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！小初高试卷教案类 K12 小学初中高中 S 句式仿写 原文：But exactly how plants receive and act on many of these signals is still mysterious.(主语从句)译文：但植物如何接收并按照这些信号行事仍旧是个迷。仿写：What_made_him_most_excited was,I think,that
13、he had passed all the exams.我认为使他最兴奋的是，他已经通过了所有的考试。B 2015山东日照校际联测Whether it is Mozart or Miley,your choice of music could determine whether you will perform well at your work.A new study suggests that listening to music in the office improves the speed and accuracyW1 of tasks such as data entry,proo
14、freading and problemsolving.In an officebased experiment,88 percent of participants were found to produce their most accurate work when listening to music.S The study also found that 81 percent completed their fastest work when music was played.And it matters what type of music you listen to.For ins
15、tance,if youre doing your tax returns,then classical music is the most effective as it improves maths skills.Listening to Jessie J or Justin Bieber could also improve your speed,with 58 percent of participants completing data entry tasks faster while listening to pop songs.During proofreading,dance
16、music,such as David Guettas,had the biggest positive impact on participants increasing their speed by 20 percent compared toP1 tests undertaken with no music at all.Dance music also had a positive effectP2 on spellchecking with a 75 percent pass rate compared to 68 percent when no music was played a
17、t all.The research,undertakenW2 by Brightonbased Mindlab International,suggests that silent offices may be the least productive.“The music experiment showed that when listening to music,nine out of ten people performedW3 better，”said Dr.David Lewis,chairman of Mindlab International.“Proper music ena
18、bles people to quickly process and keep information,regulate their behavior,make good choices,solve problems,plan and adjust toP3 changing 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！小初高试卷教案类 K12 小学初中高中 mental demands，”a senior investigator of Mindlab International explained.“While many schools a
19、re cutting music programs and spending more and more time on test preparations,our findings suggest that musical training courses may actuallyW4 help to set up children for a better academicW5 future，”added Dr.David Lewis.研究表明，合适的音乐对工作效率的提高有着积极的作用。5 What does the passage mainly talk about?AThe posit
20、ive relationship between music and work efficiency.B The speed and accuracy of problemsolving tasks.C The comparison of different kinds of music.DThe experiment on productivity of office staff.答案：A 考查主旨大意。根据第一段和第二段可知，合适的音乐有利于提高工作的效率，在办公室听音乐可以提高数据输入、校对及问题解决的速度及准确性，即音乐和工作效率之间的积极联系，故选 A 项。6 According t
21、o the passage,we can conclude that _.Adifferent kinds of music lead to the same effect B silent offices can make people perform better C listening to proper music can improve efficiency in offices Dmore tests prepare children for a better academic future 答案：C 考查推理判断。根据第三、四段和第五段的第一句“And it matters wh
22、at type of music you listen to”可推知，工作效率的提高取决于听哪种类型的音乐，即合适的音乐有利于提高工作效率，故选 C 项。7 What is the authors attitude towards school music programs?ARespectful.B Doubtful.C Tolerant.DSupportive.答案：D 考查观点态度。根据最后一段中的“our findings suggest that musical training courses may actually help to set up children for a b
23、etter academic future”可知，作者认为音乐培训课可以帮助学生处于更好的学业未来中，故对于学校的音乐课程，作者持支持的态度，选 D 项，supportive“支持的”。respectful“有礼貌的”；doubtful“不确定的，感到怀疑的”；tolerant“宽容的，容忍的”。W重点词汇 1 accuracy n.准确；精确 2.undertake vt.承担；从事 3 perform vt.执行；演奏 4.actually adv.事实上 5 academic adj.学术的；理论的 P 重点短语 1 compared to 与相比 2 have a positive e
24、ffect on 对有积极影响 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！小初高试卷教案类 K12 小学初中高中 3 adjust to 调整以适应 S 句式仿写 原文：In an officebased experiment,88 percent of participants were found to produce their most accurate work when listening to music.(状语从句中的省略)译文：在对办公室人员的实验中，88%的参与者被发现在听音乐时能做最准确的工作。仿写：Children,when_accompanied_by_their_parents,_are allowed to enter the stadium.当孩子被其父母陪伴时，他们才被允许进入这个运动场。