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1、(全)2021中考英语阅读理解专项训练-科普知识与文化中考英语阅读理解专项训练-科普学问与文化 时间：810 分钟/篇 分值：2 分/小题 Passage 1 A new report shows what life might be like in 100 years from now. It describes skyscrapers that are much taller than todays buildings, underwater bubble’ cities and holidays in space. The report is from a company.
2、It asked experts(专家) on space and architecture, as well as city planners, to give their ideas on the life in 2116. They said the way we live, work and play will be totally different to how we do these things today. The experts used the Internet as an example. They said that 25 years ago, people coul
3、d not imagine how the Internet and smartphones would change our lives. The Internet has completely changed the way we communicate, learn and do daily things. The experts said the changes in the next century would be even more unbelievable. Researchers questioned 2，000 adults about the predictions(预言
4、) they thought were most likely(很可能的) to happen in the future. They predicted that in the future, few people will go to an office but will workfrom home and have work meetings online. People will have highly developed 3D printers that will let you download(下载) a design for furniture or a food recipe
5、 and then print’ the sofa, table or pizza at home. There will also be less need for visits to the doctor. We will all have a home health instrument that will tell us what the problem is and give us treatment. We will also be going into space for holidays and to get resources that we have used
6、up on Earth. A prediction that is missing is whether people will still need to study English. ( )1. The writer uses the example of the Internet in Paragraph 1 to show _ A. the Internet was often used B. the Internet has developed fast C. people will not believe the changes D. technology will change
7、peoples lives ( )2. With the help of highly developed 3D printers, a way to get a sofa in 2116 is to _ A. buy one in a shop B. ask somebody to make one C. download a design and print’ oneD. design and make one by oneself ( )3. According to the passage, the missing prediction is _ A. how people
8、 will work B. where people will get resources C. what people will have at home to treat illness D. whether people will still need to learn English ( )4. The passage is mainly about _ A. the life in 2116 B. holidays in space C. the history of the Internet D. medical treatment ( )5. The passage is mos
9、t probably from _ A. an advertisement B. a newspaper C. a detective story D. a health report Passage 2 When I opened my email the other day, Rachel, a pretty woman, appeared on my computer screen. She greeted me by name and started talking happily. Sometimes she stopped to smile at me or blow a kiss
10、. Itwas cool, right? In fact, she was reading to me an email from my brother John. Rachel could be there because of a new technology called Facemail. Facemail lets you send emails in a funny way. By using it, your emails can be read to the receiver by an attractive person or by a clown. You can down
11、load the software at www.F without paying. Facemail faces are lively and they can simulate the emotions that you put in your text. For example, type in ， and Rachel blows a kiss. LifeFX, the company that developed the Facemail, is sure there are wide business uses. Why is ebusiness not so popular no
12、w? One of the reasons is that buying online has no human touch. But if you go to the Nike website, and the famous basketball star Michael Jordan greets you by name, serves you, and personally closes_the_sale,_ wont you be happy? Also, if mom cant be home when kids get back from school, she can leave
13、 a note with a voice and picture on the screen to tell them what there is to eat. Its true that Facemail makes life easy and fun, but it should be used with care. The clown looks lively and funny at first. But if you choose the clown, put a few rude words in an email and add some angry emotions, you
14、ve got a Psycho mail. ( )1. In fact, who is Rachel?A. She is a pretty actress. B. She is Johns girlfriend. C. She is not a real person. ( )2. What is the main advantage of Facemail? A. You dont need to pay for it. B. Email can be attractive in a more lovely way. C. You can ask a beautiful woman to r
15、ead the email to you. ( )3. What does the underlined expression closes the sale probably mean? A. 停止营业 B. 达成交易 C. 取消折扣 ( )4. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. You shouldnt choose a clown. B. Facemail can be widely used in business. C. Mom can show her kids how to cook by Fa
16、cemail. ( )5. What is the writers attitude(看法) towards Facemail? A. He thinks its a danger to the Internet.B. He thinks it needs further improvement. C. He thinks its a cool and funny technology. Passage 3 Many homes have cameras to protect them from danger. The cameras can tell the owners if someon
17、e has entered. But the cameras do not know whether the person is a family member, a friend, a postman or a criminal(罪犯) But a new camera made by a French company can recognize(辨别出) faces. It can tell parents at work that their children have returned from school, or that the mail has been sent to the
18、ir home. It can also tell them if a stranger has entered their home. When family members enter a home, the smart camera recognizes them and sends information to the owners phone. The owner can choose to see the video then or later. But if an unknown person enters a home, the camera will send a warni
19、ng sound on the owners phone. This is what happened recently to a smart home camera owner named Damien. He lives in Paris. On a Friday I was at work, having a big monthly meeting when my phone moved. At first I told myself Oh, it must be a wrong warn，’ butmy phone was telling me there was a fa
20、ce that the camera did not recognize. Something was happening in my house! I saw a person I did not know with his shoes on, which is not allowed in my apartment(公寓). I watched it on the video. I felt quite surprised. I hurried back home as fast as possible and called the police on the way. Thanks to
21、 the smart camera, the criminal was caught soon， said Damien. ( )1. The new smart camera is different from the ones in many homes because it can_. A. protect the owner B. help a school child C. recognize faces D. call the police ( )2. In Damiens apartment, people cant _ A. wear shoes B. watch videos
22、 C. have cameras D. send mails ( )3. If we put the passage into three parts, which of the following is the best? (Para.(自然段)1 Para.2 Para.3 Para.4 Para.5)A. ； B. ； C. ； D. ； ( )4. The best title of the passage may be _ A. Catching Criminals in a Better Way B. Strange Video Faces C. Warning Sound on
23、the Phone D. Smart Home Cameras 答案：Passage 3本文是一篇说明文。通过列举实例介绍了中外待人接物的不同，告知我们应当多了解不同国家的不同文化。15 ABCBD Passage 4 Hover Camera(无人相机) Wang Mengqiu, the inventor of Hover Camera, was born in Hangzhou in 1982. He once studied at Stanford University in the United States. He became famous overnight(一夜成名) bec
24、ause of the invention.Forget selfie sticks(自拍杆)! Compared to other cameras, Hover Camera has many advantages. *It can fly and stay in midair, track your face and even follow you to make sure it gets the perfect picture. *It can be controlled by using a smartphone(智能手机) *It records movements with a 1
25、3MP camera and takes 4K video. *It is the best choice for weddings, sports games and holidays. Mr. Wang also said, The main design consideration is easy and safe to take for the users. Its very light and small. It can be folded(折叠) in two, so it can be easily put into a bag. When the power is low, i
26、t can land on the ground safely on its own. Its reported that the company has raised $25 million to produce it. As it is still being tested(测试), Hover Camera can be bought later this year. The price has not yet been decided. But a spokesman says the company hopes to sell it for less than $600. ( )1.
27、 Hover Camera can_ A. swim in the water B. fly in the midair C. change its weight D. be used as a phone( )2. The underlined word track means _ A. pull B. follow C. push D. show ( )3. According to the passage, why is Hover Camera easy and safe to take? A. Its light and small. B. It can be folded in t
28、hree. C. It doesnt need power. D. Only a smartphone can make it land. ( )4. Which is not mentioned in the passage? A. How can we control Hover Camera? B. When can we buy Hover Camera? C. How much is Hover Camera? D. How popular will Hover Camera be? ( )5. According to the passage, Wang Mengqiu is a
29、_ young man. A. brave B. quiet C. creative D. humorous Passage 5The Building That Moves Everyone knows that buildings dont move. They cant change the way they look. However, architect(建筑师)David Fisher wants to change that. Fisher has an amazing idea. He wants to make 80story buildings that change sh
30、ape. Each floor will move around slowly. The floors will move at different speeds. Because of this, the shape of the building is always changing. These buildings will never look the same，says Fisher. His idea is an interesting one. However, Fisher doesnt stop there. He also wants the building to be
31、green. The building will make its own energy. In most buildings, only the top floor has a roof(屋顶). In Fishers building, each floor will have its own roof. The roofs each have solar panels(太阳能板). This means a lot more solar energy. Also, machines between each floor of the building will catch the win
32、d. They will turn the wind into energy. Fishers ideas sound impossible. However, thats_what_people_also_said_before_humans_traveled_into_space! ( )1. The passage is mainly talking about_ A. buildings for the future B. the life of an architectC. how green buildings work ( )2. The underlined word 80st
33、orymeans the building has 80_ A. shapes B. floors C. different speeds ( )3. Fishers building can make its own energy because the building_ A. is tall and always moving B. is tall and has many solar panels C. is always moving and has many solar panels ( )4. The Fishers building will NOT get energy fr
34、om_ A. the sun B. the water C. the wind ( )5. Why does the writer say thats_what_people_also_said_before_humans_traveled_into_space？ A. To show why Fishers building will never work. B. To show why Fishers building is like a spaceship. C. To show that unusual ideas can sometimes work. Passage 6Pollut
35、ion inside homes and other buildings kills more than 4 million people each year. Many people die as a result of breathing smoke or from cooking over woodpowered or coalpowered stoves. One way to reduce the number of deaths is through cooking equipment powered by the sun. Crosby Menzies, a solar powe
36、r expert in a South African company, described his latest solar cooker called the Sol 4. It is four square meters of mirrors, six to eight meters in length. It is quite a large cooker. The Sol 4 works by reflecting (反射) light from the sun off large mirrors. The mirrors direct (把对准) the light at a co
37、oking pan. Then the light heats the pan with solar energy. Within two minutes, the pan is hot enough to cook sausages and onions. In just four minutes, water can be boiled. That is as fast as cooking with natural gas or electricity. The cooker is also much friendlier than other models because people
38、 do not have to stand in the sun to use it. And people can prepare meals without having to collect firewood or spend money on coal. Such individuals would be less likely to have breathing illnesses from harmful smoke. At present, the cooker only works when the sun is shining.But engineers are workin
39、g on a way to make it work without sunlight.Each cooker costs about $2，000, which is a large amount of money for most Africans.To solve that problem, Crosby Menzies has created a nongovermental organization called Solar Cookers for Africa. It plans to raise money through donations to provide poor pe
40、ople with solar cooking equipment. ( )1. This passage is mainly about _ A. solar cookers B. smoke pollution C. solar power experts D. breathing illnesses ( )2. The Sol 4 is mainly used to_ A. shorten the time of cooking B. reduce the cost of making cookers C. raise money through donations to help Af
41、rican people D. reduce the number of deaths caused by harmful smoke ( )3. The underlined word individuals most probably means _ A. cookers B. mirrors C. people D. experts ( )4. Which of the following about the Sol 4 is TRUE?A. It is six to eight square meters of mirrors. B. It can work in any weathe
42、r condition now. C. It can also heat the pan by lighting firewood. D. It is more environmentfriendly than other cookers. ( )5. From the passage, we can infer that _ A. the Sol 4 will be designed in a smaller size B. more Africans can use the solar cookers in the future C. the Sol 4 is the first prod
43、uct of the South African company D. the African government will provide poor people with solar cookers Passage 7 Getting electricity has always been a problem for the 173 people living in Nuevo Saposoa, a small village in Peru, South America. However, things went from bad to worse in March 2015 afte
44、r heavy rains damaged the only power cables in the area. The villagers were forced to use oil lamps, which are not only expensive but also dangerous because of the harmful gases they produce. Luckily，researchers at the University of Technology (UT) in Lima, Peru heard about their problem and found a
45、 wonderful solution. They made alamp that can be powered by plants and soil, both of which can be easily found in the Amazonian rainforest where the village lies. The lamp takes energy from a plant growing in a wooden box and uses it to light up an LED light bulb. While that may sound amazing and ev
46、en impossible, the science behind the idea is quite simple. As plants create their food(using the suns energy, water and chemicals from the soil), they also produce waste which they return to the soil. Tiny animals in the soil eat this waste and they produce electrons the building blocks of electric
47、al energy. The UT team put special sticks inside the soil to capture the energy and keep it in the lamps batteries for later use. The researchers say a single charge can power a 50watt LED light for two hours enough time for local villagers to get their evening work done. The university gave ten Pla
48、nt Lamps to the villagers of Nuevo Saposoa in October 2015. So far, they have been a huge success! Elmer Ramirez, the UT professor who invented the lamp believes the Plant Lamp could help improve the lives of many people, especially small rainforest communities, 42% of whom have no electricity. ( )1
49、. What are the problems of oil lamps according to Paragraph 1? A. They are difficult to use and create pollution.B. They are expensive to buy and easily damaged. C. They are difficult to repair and produce little light. D. They are expensive to use and can be bad for health. ( )2. The electricity made by the