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1、牛津英语8B Unit 5 复习讲义一、重点词汇1. affect/effect基本含义用法辨析affect “影响”及物动词，主要指一时的影响，着重影响的动作，可指一般意义的影响(不分好坏)，也可指不良影响。effect “影响”名词(可数或不可数)，affecthave an effect on。effect有时虽用作动词(及物)，但不表示“影响”，而表示“实现”或“产生”等。influence “影响”主要指对行为、性格、观点等产生间接的或潜移默化的影响。可用作动词(及物)或名词(通常不可数，但有时可连用不定冠词)。【小试牛刀】1. The news did not_her at all
2、. 这条消息对她没有一点影响。=The news had no _ on her at all.2. They_their escape in the middle of the night. 他们半夜逃脱了。3. Its clear that her painting has been _ by Picasso. 她的画显然受了毕加索的影响。4. Television has a strong _on people. 电视对人有很大的影响2. cure/treat基本含义用法辨析cure “治疗”通常强调结果，指治愈某种疾病或某人的疾病treat “治疗”通常强调过程，指对病人进行诊断和治疗
3、，但不含治好的意思【小试牛刀】1. This medicine will_your cough.这药可治好你的咳嗽。2. The dentist_ my teeth.牙科医生在给我看牙。3. Is he able to_ this disease?他能治这病吗?4. The doctors_ her of cancer.医生治好了她的癌症。5. Which doctor_ you for your illness?哪个医生在给你看病?二、语法点拨1. 被动语态(3)(1) 不及物动词+介词或副词的被动语态形式有一些不及物动词，其后接上一个介词或副词以后形成一个动词短语，这个短语的作用和一 个及
4、物动词一样，在变为被动语态时，一定不要把介词或副词去掉。They laughed at her. 他们都笑话她。She was laughed at (by them).Who is taking care of your baby? 谁在照看你的孩子? Who is your baby being taken care of by?【必背】把下面这些动词短语背熟：begin with 以开始catch up with 赶上fall behind 落后fight about 为而战斗find out 弄清楚jump into 跳入laugh at 嘲笑某人learn from 向某人学习lis
5、ten to 注意听look after 照顾，关照look at 看look for 寻找look in 查看look like 看起来像pay for 为付钱put on 穿，戴put out 扑灭take off 脱下talk about 谈论某事turn on (off) 打开，(关上)wait for 等待worry about 为而担心write down 记下，写下(2) 被动语态应注意的问题主动语态与被动语态不是可以随便换用的，在一般情况下，主动句比被动句更经常地使用。 但有些情况，主动句不能变为被动句。 反身代词、相互代词以及同源宾语不能变为被动语态。She introduc
6、ed herself as Mrs. Burke 她自我介绍说她是伯克太太。You should help and learn from each other.你们应该互相帮助，互相学习。 被动含义的句子可以用主动形式表示。The latest model cars sell well. 这种最新型的汽车卖得很好。This kind of ball-pens writes smoothly. 这种圆珠笔书写流畅。Your coat doesnt wash easily. 你的外套很不好洗。Is there anything to do now? 现在有什么事情要做吗?2. 状语从句 结果状语从
7、句(1) 结果状语从句由sothat, suchthat, so that引导。例如：He is so poor that he cant buy a bike for his son.She is such a good teacher that everybody likes her.My pencil fell under the desk, so that I couldnt see it.(2) sothat语such.that可以互换。例如：在由so.that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是: “.so + 形容词(副词) + that + 从句”。例如：H
8、e was so glad that he couldnt say a word.The hall is so big that it can hold 2,000 people.Mother lives so far away that we hardly ever see her.在由suchthat引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：It was such a hot day that nobody wanted to do anything.He
9、 had such long arms that he could almost touch the ceiling.He made such rapid progress that he did very well in the mid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：It was such a wonderful film that all of us wanted to see it again.=The film was so wonderful that all of us wanted to see it again.It is such an important m
10、atch that nobody wants to miss it.=The match is so important that nobody wants to miss it.(3) 如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时，只能用so, 不用such。例如：Soon there were so many deer that they ate up all the wild roses.He has so little time that he cant go to the cinema with you.【真题演练】1. The book was so int
11、eresting that he had read it for three hours _ he realized it . (2003安徽)A. when B. until C. after D. before 2. -Will you come to the dinner party. -I wont come unless Jenny_.(2004安徽) A. will be invited B. can be invited C. invited D. is invited3. Bob promises to join in the football match _ he has t
12、o help his parents on the farm. (2010安徽) A. if B. as C. unless D. when【2011北京】33. I will send you an e -mail as soon as I_ in Canada.A. arrive B. arrived C. am arriving D. will arrive【2011陕西】24. If there no buying and selling of animals, there no killing in nature. A. is; will he B. will be; will be
13、 C. is; is D. will be; is【2011黑龙江绥化市】（）25. Im waiting for my friend. , Ill go shopping alone.A. If she comes B. If she wont come C. If she doesnt come【2011黑龙江绥化市】（）26. Mr. Green speaks very loudly _all the people can hear him clearly.A. when B. so that C. because 【2011内蒙古包头】( ) 32. You cant watch TV
14、 _ you finish your homework.A. before B. if C. while D. as【2011哈尔滨】31. As we all know, planting trees is good for the environment. Our class will go to the Sun Island tomorrow. As soon as we there, well begin to plant trees.A. arrivedB. arriveC. will arrive【2011雅安】10.The student s _ have a sports me
15、eting this weekend if it _. A. wont; rains B. will; rainsC. wont; will rain D. are going to; is going to rain【2011湖南湘西】23. Dont talk loudly at the meeting. If you _, you will have to leave. A. do B. are C. did【2011湖南益阳】29. I dont know if she to my birthday party tomorrow. If she , Ill be very happy.
16、A. comes; comes B. will come; comes C. comes; will come ( 2011大庆) 7. When will you come to Daqing? I will call you _I arrive.A. till B. while C. as quickly as D. as soon as 【2011广西崇左】37Ill give it to Jim as soon as I _him tomorrow.A saw B. will see C. see D. have seen【2011黑龙江齐齐哈尔】( )35. Im waiting f
17、or my friend. , Ill go s hopping alone.A. If she comes B. If she doesnt come C. If she wont come【2011重庆江津】() 36.If she here tomorrow, I will tell you. A. comesB. will comeC. comeD. came【2011山东滨州】30. Mary, could you tell me if your mother _ our school sports meeting tomorrow?I think she will come to
18、school if she _ free. A. will take part in; will be B. takes part in; is C. will take part in; is D. takes part in; will be【2011山东泰安】36. Tom wants to know if you will have a picnic tomorrow. Yes. But if it _, well play chess instead. A. will rainB. rainedC. is rainingD. rains43.【2011福州中考】 You study
19、_ hard _ youre sure to pass the exam. Thank you for saying so. A. enough to B. asasC. sothat【2011山东潍坊】6. If Tom _ the game, well give him a surprise.A. win B. wins C. won D. miming【2011浙江宁波】31. I hear the famous singer Xu Song may come to Ningbo next month. Really? _ he comes, my younger sister will
20、 be very excited.A. If B. Until C. Unless D. Before【2011广安市】38. What time will Diana get to Chengdu? Im not sure. When he _, Ill call you. A. will arrive B. arrive C. arrives 【2011山东临沂】31. Zhou Libo is Shanghais favorite funny man. He is good at making people laugh. His lively shows were _ hot that
21、tickets sold out in minutes. A. very B. too C. such D. so 【2011山东德州】19. They develop their skills _ they can do things better and better.A. howeverB. becauseC. sinceD. so that【2011山东德州】19. They develop their skills _ they can do things better and better.A. howeverB. becauseC. sinceD. so that【2011广东】
22、43. Lets go fishing if it _ this weekend.But nobody knows if it _.A. is fine, will rainB. will be fine, rainsC. will be fine, will rainD. is fine; rains 4. 【2011江苏镇江】The book was written in easy English even primary school students could understand it. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to D. very; t
23、hat三、交际用语如何请别人代为表达谢意Say thanks for me. 替我说声谢谢。Say thanks to your brother for me.代我向你哥哥致谢。say hello to sb. 向某人问好 say sorry to sb.向某人道歉say goodbye to sb. 向某人告别say no to sb.拒绝某人牛津英语8B Unit 5 短语汇总序号ChineseEnglish1因为某事而对某人很感激be grateful/thankful to sb. for sth.2继续某事carry on with sth. = go on with sth.380
24、%的失明病例80 percent of the cases of blindness4让这个世界（成为）更美好的地方make the world a better place5全世界人民people all over the world6环球旅行travel all around the world7治愈病人cure sick people8了解很多有关其它国家的生活learn a lot about life in other countries9（学校）毕业finish school10训练成一个护士train as a nurse11给某人做手术operate on sb. =do/pe
25、rform an operation on sb.12努力（不）做某事try (not) to do sth.13尽力做某事try ones best to do sth.14世界宣明会World Vision15世界自然基金会World Wide Fund for Nature16医疗health care17药物治疗medical treatment18现代医学modern medicine19一个空中眼科医院a flying eye hospital20用飞机来作为一个教学中心use the plane as a teaching centre21眼科手术eye operations22
26、将某物忘在某地leave sth. sw.23在我上一次访问过程中during my last visit24帮助人们重见光明help people see again25走开；离开go away26过去常常做某事used to do sth.被用来做某事be used to do sth.习惯于（做）某事be used to (doing) sth.27习惯于在飞机上工作be used to working on a plane28志愿为工作volunteer to work for29联合国the UN = the United Nations30害怕某人/某物be afraid of s
27、b./sth.害怕做某事be afraid of doing sth. = be afraid to do sth.be afraid + that宾从31在录像上on video32在收音机上on the radio33受教育get (an) education34感到恶心feel sick35一个飞行医生的生活方式the lifestyle of a flying doctor36提供某物给某人provide sth. for sb. = provide sb. with sth.37成立；建立set up 38为某人/某事感到自豪be proud of sb./ sth. / be pr
28、oud + that+宾从39帮我说谢谢。say thanks for me.40关心某人/某事care about sb./sth.41整天all day牛津英语8B Unit 5 基础训练一、重点词组1. 继续从事某事_ 2. 全世界_3. 的案例_ 4. 一所空中眼科医院_5. 实施手术_ 6. 作为一家教学中心_7. 知识和技能_ 8. 通过录像观看_9. 在访问期间_ 10. 需要做某事_11. 给某人做手术_ 12. 过去常常做某事_13. 被用来做某事_ 14. 感激某人_15. 尽力做某事_ 16. 现代医药_二、句型结构1. Why dont you work in a ho
29、spital?= Why not work in a hospital? (提建议的方式)其他提建议的方式：看电视怎么样啊？What about _? How about _?我们看电视怎么样啊？Shall we watch TV? 让我们看电视吧！Lets _TV1）为什么不马上回家？_go home at once?2）下次我们八点钟见面好吗？_we _at 8:00 next time?3）礼拜天我们一起去爬山吧！_climb the hill on Sunday!4）明天去划船怎么样？What about _ tomorrow？2. We teach them new skills a
30、nd knowledge.教某人某事_教某人做某事_自学_教某人如何做某事_1) 马先生教我们怎样学好英语？Mr. Ma _us _learn English well.2) 谁正在教你游泳？ 我自学。Who is _you _? Im_.3. Many of our patients are so poor that they dont have the money to travel to hospital.注意： sothat, too.to , adj. + enough + to do 这个小孩太小了不能去上学。The child is _young _ he cant go to
31、school.The child is _young _ go to school.The child isnt_ go to school.他个子很高能够得着树上的苹果。He is _he can reach the apples on the tree.He is _to reach the apple son the tree.三、难点语法 1. 间接引语 我们用间接引语转述他人说的话。如果所转述的信息依然是真实的或_，那我们在转述时就不需要改变时态，但有可能要改变_. 1) 李女士说：“我们需要的是时间。”Mrs. Li said,What we need is time. Mrs.
32、Li said what _ need is time.2）老师告诉我们：“太阳比月球大。”The teacher told us,The sun is bigger than the moon.The teacher told us the sun _bigger than the moon. 2. used to, be used to1) 过去我在一家医院工作。I _in a hospital.2) 医生们现在习惯在飞机上给病人动手术了。The doctors_on patients on a plane.1) 大多数的学生现在习惯学校生活了。Most students_school l
33、ife.【2011连云港】2.Do you know _ World Water Day is? On March 22nd. A. when B. where C. what D. which【2011北京】30. Excuse me, could you tell me how_ to Beijing Zoo? Well, you may take Bus No. 27.A. gat B. gets C. getting D. to get【2011北京】35. Do you know _ tomorrow? At 8 oclock.A. when did she come B. when
34、 she cameC. when will she come D. when she will come【2011清远】31. We want to know _to help them.A. what can we do B. what we can do C. how can we do D. how we can do 【2011广西百色】29.Do you think _ Xiao Ming can pass the high school entrance exam or not? Sorry, Ive no idea. A. that B. which C. if D. wheth
35、er来源:学科网【河北省2011】45. Jenny is on holiday now. I wonder .A. when she will come back B. when she came backC. when will she come back D. when did she come back【2011河南省】35.1 didnt see Laura at the party last night. Do you know_?A. why didnt she come B. what happenedC. when would she arrive D. where she
36、has been【2011黑龙江绥化市】（）12. Do you know_the girl in white is?Fm not sure. Maybe she is a doctor. A. how B. where C. what【2011黑龙江绥化市】( )30. Im not sure next week.A. how he comes back B. whether he will come back C. when will he come back【2011江苏徐州】10. If you watch carefully, you can see _ the man does t
37、he trick with the cards.A. who B. what C. how D. which【2011内蒙古包头】( ) 24. He told us that where _ a picnic was not decided yet.A. having B. to have C. have D. had【2011内蒙古包头】( )29. We dont know _ the meeting will be held soon.A. when B. what C. whether D. since 【2011哈尔滨】30. Excuse me, I want to go to
38、the 21st National Book Expo (世博会). Could you tell me_? Sure. It is at No. 3 Changjiang Road in Harbin.A. where it is B. where it wasC. where is it【2011呼和浩特】5. -Could you tell us how long ? - About three days. A. does the sports meeting last B. the sports meeting will last C. the sports meeting last
39、D. will the sports meeting last【2011四川达州】22. Could you please tell me ? Tomorrow morning.A. how I can get to the post office B. how long can I keep the bookC. when to leave for Beijing D. where I should take the early bus 【2011四川广元】16.Have you finished the bookyou borrowed from the library?A. which
40、B. it C. what【2011四川广元】20.Do you know Beijing with his family？Next week.A. when Mr Zhao will visit B. when will Mr Zhao will visit C. when Mr Zhao visited【2011四川南充】30. Can you tell me_ ?A. where you are from B. where you are from C. where do you come from【2011四川宜宾】27. Do you know _?A. when will he be back B. when he will be back C. where did he go D. where will he go（2011四川资阳）30. Allen wanted to know _ after it got out of the UFO. A. what is the alien doing B. what the alien would do C. where would the alien go D. where the alien is going【2011天津】43. Well plant trees tomorrow, and I dont