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1、英语Unit3UndertheseaLanguagepoints课件新人教版选修72.witnessVt.当场见到当场见到;目击目击;见证见证Recentyearshavewitnessedagrowingsocialmobility.近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。近年来人们的社会流动性越来越大。Didanyonewitnesstherobbery?witnessanaccident,amurder,aquarrelvi.作证人作证人:witness to sth/doing sthHe witnessed to having seen the man enter the building.
2、n.目击者目击者,证人证人be(a)witnesstosth目击，看见目击，看见(某事发生某事发生),证证明明bear/give witness to sth 为为作证，证明作证，证明Hehasbeen(a)witnesstoaterriblemurder.他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。他目击了一起残忍的凶杀事件。Policehaveappealedforwitnessestotheaccident.警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。警方呼吁这起事故的目击者出来作证。Hisgoodhealthisawitnesstothesuccessofthetreatment.Thegirlwasshock
3、edbytheviolentscenesshehad_.A.happenedB.lookedC.witnessedD.viewed【解析】【解析】C本题考查词语辨析。句意为：本题考查词语辨析。句意为：这个女孩被她亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆这个女孩被她亲眼目睹的暴力场面惊呆了。了。witness意为意为“目击目击,见证见证”，符合，符合语境。语境。3.OntheafternoonIarrivedatthestation,asIwassortingoutmyaccommodation,Iheardaloudnoisecomingfromthebay.在我到达捕鲸场的那个下午在我到达捕鲸场的那个下午,正
4、当正当我准备膳宿时我准备膳宿时,我听到一声巨响从海我听到一声巨响从海湾传来。湾传来。1)as强调主从句中谓语动词所表示的强调主从句中谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生。动作同时发生。从句表示从句表示“随时间推移随时间推移”连词能用连词能用as,不用不用when或或while。Asthedaywenton,theweathergotworse.日子一天天过去日子一天天过去,天气越变越坏。天气越变越坏。as,when和和while2)when可表示瞬间、时间段，主从句可表示瞬间、时间段，主从句动作同时发生，也可以先后发生。当从动作同时发生，也可以先后发生。当从句的动作发生于主句动作之前，只能用句的动作发
5、生于主句动作之前，只能用when引导这个从句，不可用引导这个从句，不可用as或或while。Whenyouhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest.3)as,when引导短暂性动作的动词。引导短暂性动作的动词。Justas/Justwhen/WhenIstoppedmycar,amancameuptome.4)while用于同时进行的两个延续性用于同时进行的两个延续性动作相伴发生动作相伴发生,常对同类动作进行对常对同类动作进行对比。比。_youhavefinishedyourwork,youmayhavearest._Istoppedmycar,amancame
6、uptome._thedaywenton,theweathergotworse._waswalkingdownthestreet,Imetanoldfriend.WhenWhen(As)AsWhen(while)4.sort out 分类分类,整整理理;整顿整顿,解决解决(问题问题/困难困难)Sort out things you want to keep and throw everything else away.We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones.Have you sorted out how to get there y
7、et?5.accommodation1)rooms,esp,forlivingin房间，住所房间，住所2)lodgings,roomsandfood膳宿（常用复数）膳宿（常用复数）accommodatev.accommodatingadj.accommodatorn.为为提供提供住宿住宿乐于助人的乐于助人的调节者调节者rented/temporary/furnished accommodation I will do my best to help you find accommodation.More and more travelers are looking for bed and br
8、eakfast accommodations in private homes.to look for accommodation provide food and accommodation for sb 6.Werandowntotheshoreintimetoseeanenormousanimaloppositeusthrowingitselfoutofthewaterandthencrashingdownagain.我们及时赶到岸边我们及时赶到岸边,看到对面一个看到对面一个庞大的动物猛力跃出水面庞大的动物猛力跃出水面,然后又坠然后又坠落到水面。落到水面。opposite adj.1.相
9、反的相反的,对立的对立的(+to)They have opposite views on the question.在这个问题上他们持相反的观点。在这个问题上他们持相反的观点。2.对面的(+to)His store is opposite to mine.他的店在我的对面。他的店在我的对面。There was a garden on the opposite side of the street.n.对立面对立面;对立物对立物Cthe S(+of)My view is the very opposite of his.我的看法正好于他相反。我的看法正好于他相反。Black is the opp
10、osite of white.黑色的相反是白色。黑色的相反是白色。prep.在在.对面对面The post office is opposite the bank.邮局在银行对面。邮局在银行对面。Westayedinahoteloppositealargesupermarket.Thetaxidriverhurriedawayintheoppositedirection.Heishonestandhardworking,buthistwinbrotheristhecompleteopposite.opposition:n.反对反对(tosb./sth),敌手敌手inoppositiontosb
11、./sth.反对反对/抵制抵制I thought the medicine would make him sleep,but it had the _effect.A.better B.effectiveB.C.opposite D.base与与throw相关的短语：相关的短语：throwcoldwateron泼冷水泼冷水throwoff摆脱摆脱throwaway浪费，浪费，扔掉扔掉throwdown打倒，推翻打倒，推翻throwup呕吐呕吐throwoff,throwout,throwaway,throwdown,throwup1)Thelittlegirl_herhands2)tohugh
12、ermother.3)2)Tomcant_hiscold.4)3)Hedrankalot,andhe_onhiswayhome.5)4)Asayoungman,he_muchmoney.6)5)He_theyoungmanandranaway.threwoutthrowoffthrewupthrewawaythrewdown与与outof相关的短语：相关的短语：outofbreath上气不接下气上气不接下气outofdate过时的过时的outofcontrol失控失控outofquestion可能的可能的outofthequestion不可能的不可能的outofrepair失修失修7.Anot
13、herwhaleryelledout,.Thiswasthecallthatannouncedtherewasabouttobeawhalehunt.yellv.&n.1)叫喊叫喊Sheyelledwithsurprisewhenshesawthepresent.2)叫声叫声,喊声喊声Thecrowdletout/gaveayellofdelight.Fatheryelledathissonforhispoorrecords.Heyelledoutordersateveryone.辨析辨析:begoingto,betodo和和beaboutbetodo表示预先安排好的计划或约定。表示预先安排好
14、的计划或约定。will do 表不是事先经过考虑的将来动作表不是事先经过考虑的将来动作begoingto表示打算或计划做某事或表示打算或计划做某事或根据某种根据某种迹象判断将要发生的事迹象判断将要发生的事。beaboutto表示即将发生的动作，意表示即将发生的动作，意为为“正要正要,即将即将”,不与具体的表将来时间不与具体的表将来时间的副词或副词性短语连用的副词或副词性短语连用Exemple:Iwasjustabout_road_ashipcametous.A.travelingon;whileB.totravelon;whileC.travelingby;whenD.totravelby;w
15、henDDontgooutnow,we_havesupper.Thewindwentdowntowardsunset.It_befinetomorrow.TheQueen_visitBeijingnextyear.Hissisteris13yearsold,andshe_be14yearsoldnextyear.areabouttoisgoingtoistowill8.“Comeon,Clancy.Totheboat”,Ge on（祈使句，表示劝说，激励，（祈使句，表示劝说，激励，不耐烦，催促）不耐烦，催促）来吧，赶快，得了吧来吧，赶快，得了吧Come on,we will be late f
16、or the film.-Ill take at least two hours to do this.-Oh,come on.I could do it in 20 minutes!Come on,someone must know it.-Im dead tired.I cant walk any farther,Jenny.-_,Tommy,you can do it.A.No problem B.No hurryC.Come on D.Thats e on 跟着来跟着来,开始开始,出台出台,上演上演Fly the kite when a thunderstorm appears to
17、be coming on.在暴风雨即将在暴风雨即将来临来临的时候去放风筝。的时候去放风筝。This play is coming on again next month.这出戏下月又要上演了。这出戏下月又要上演了。Youd better go now,and Ill come on later.你最好现在就去你最好现在就去,我随后就来。我随后就来。与与come相关的短语：相关的短语：comeabout发生发生comeacross偶然遇见偶然遇见comeout出版出版comethrough经历经历.仍活着仍活着,安然渡过安然渡过cometo总计总计comeup被提出；长出地面被提出；长出地面co
18、meupwith提出提出comeabout,comethrough,comeout,comeup,cometo,comeacross1)Thecostofthejourney_3000yuan.2)Howdidtheaccident_?3)Whenwillthebook_?4)I_myteacherinthestreetyesterday.5)Theseedshavent_yet.6)Theoldman_theWorldWarI.comestocomeaboutcomeoutcameacrosscomeupcamethroughaheadadv.向前向前,在前在前;处处于于领领先地位先地位Th
19、ewayaheadwasblockedbyfallentrees.前面的公路被拿下的树挡住了。前面的公路被拿下的树挡住了。【拓展延伸】【拓展延伸】aheadof在在的前面的前面,优于优于beaheadof比比好好getahead前进，抢先前进，抢先goahead上前，前进，进步上前，前进，进步Heranahead.他跑在前头。他跑在前头。【典型例题】【典型例题】Theyarerequiredtofinishtheirtask_.A.goaheadB.aheadoftimeC.getaheadoftimeD.infrontoftime【答案】【答案】B考查考查ahead短语短语【点拨】按照句意：
20、要求他们提前完成【点拨】按照句意：要求他们提前完成任务。任务。aheadoftime符合符合7.Georgedidntlikebeingkeptwaiting,soeventhoughIdidnthavetherightclotheson,Iracedafterhim.考点考点beingkeptwaiting是动词是动词-ing形式形式短语的被动式短语的被动式,在句中作在句中作like的宾语。的宾语。考例考例Atthebeginningofclass,thenoiseofdesks_couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.(2007全国卷全国卷II)A.openedan
21、dclosedB.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose8.IlookeddownintothewaterandcouldseeOldTomswimmingbytheboat,showingustheway.我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船我低头朝水中看去，看到老汤姆正在船边游着，为我们引路。边游着，为我们引路。swimmingbytheboat在句中作宾语在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语补足语，与宾语OldTom存在逻辑上的存在逻辑上的主谓头系。主谓头系。IsawJackcrossingthestreet.我看见杰克正在
22、穿过街道。我看见杰克正在穿过街道。9.Afewminuteslater,therewasnoTom,soGeorgestartedbeatingthewaterwithhisoarandtherewasTom,circlingbacktotheboat,leadingustothehuntagain.点拨点拨此句也是由此句也是由“主语主语+so引导的结引导的结果状语从句果状语从句”构成的主从复合句构成的主从复合句,且这个且这个从句是由从句是由and连接的两个并列分句构成连接的两个并列分句构成;第二个分句中的第二个分句中的circling.和和leading.为为动词动词-ing形式短语作第二个
23、分句的伴随状形式短语作第二个分句的伴随状语。语。10.Andthoseothersarestoppingitdivingorfleeingouttosea,flee(fled,fled)vi.逃走逃走,逃跑逃跑,消失消失,(时时间间等的等的)飞逝飞逝派生词派生词flightn.逃走；逃跑逃走；逃跑【常用搭配】【常用搭配】fleefrom从从逃走逃走fleeto逃到逃到fleeaway/past(时间等时间等)飞逝，消失飞逝，消失词语辨析词语辨析flee,escape(1)fleeut.&ui.指指“逃走逃走,逃避逃避”,多指动作。如：多指动作。如：Hefled(from)thecountry.
24、他逃出了那个国家。他逃出了那个国家。(2)escape指指“逃离或避开即将来临或逃离或避开即将来临或近前的伤害、危险、灾祸等近前的伤害、危险、灾祸等”；有时；有时其后也可接动名词，表示其后也可接动名词，表示“躲避做某躲避做某事事”。如：。如：Heescapedbeingdrownedbyusingalife-buoy.因为有救生圈，他才没有被淹死。因为有救生圈，他才没有被淹死。练习练习()1.Luckily,thecat_beingcaught.A.escapedB.triedC.overcameD.managed()2.Awareofbeingsurrounded,theenemy_indi
25、sorder.A.criedB.fledC.foughtD.walkedAB11.Beingbadlywounded,thewhalesoondied.辨析辨析:wound,injury,hurt,harm与与damagewound是战斗中刀枪的创伤、伤口是战斗中刀枪的创伤、伤口Hisbrotherwaswoundedinthatbattle.injury是平时的大小创伤和伤害是平时的大小创伤和伤害Hegotseriousinjuriestothelegsatwork.Hegothisfingerinjured.大家注意了！hurt是指精神上的伤害和肉体的伤痛。是指精神上的伤害和肉体的伤痛。T
26、hehurttohisfeelingsismoreseriousthanthehurtinhisbody.harm 指使有生命或者无生命的东西不指使有生命或者无生命的东西不再完整、美丽再完整、美丽,或者具有原来的价值。或者具有原来的价值。Smokingalotofcigarettescanharmandevenkilloveralongperiodoftime.damage“车辆、船只、房屋车辆、船只、房屋”等的损等的损坏。坏。Thebuswasbadlydamagedwhenithitthewall.Thisstormdidgreatharm/damagetothecrops.12.brin
27、gin“收收(庄稼庄稼);引进引进;挣得挣得(钱钱)”Hebringsinawageof1000yuanamonth.我们国家引进许多先进的科学技术我们国家引进许多先进的科学技术.Ourcountryhasbroughtinalotofadvancedtechnology.bringoutbringupbringabout使使(意义等意义等)明白表示出来明白表示出来,生产生产吐出吐出(vt);抚养抚养,养养育育 带来带来,造成造成bringin,bringout,bringup,bringabout1)What_hisillness?2)Please_themeaningof3)thepass
28、age.4)3)Henry_byhisuncle.5)4)Whenhewasyoung,hebeganto6)sellgoods,whichmadehim_7)alotofmoney.broughtaboutbringoutwasbroughtupbringin这是一个这是一个it作形式主语的句子，真作形式主语的句子，真正的主语是不定式正的主语是不定式tohandletheboat。在用不定式、动名词从句作主语的句在用不定式、动名词从句作主语的句子里，通常用子里，通常用it作形式主语，而把真正作形式主语，而把真正的主语后置以避免头重脚轻。这样的的主语后置以避免头重脚轻。这样的句式通常有：句式通
29、常有：13.itwasdifficulttohandletheboat.划船很困难。划船很困难。It（形式主（形式主语语）+v.Itis+adj.to+v.that（主（主语语）+v.wh-等等词词（主（主语语）+v.ofsb.todosth.forseems(好像好像)It+appears(看上去看上去)+that(主语主语+v.)happens(碰巧碰巧)Itisnousev.ing做做没有用没有用Itissaid(reported)that据说，据报道据说，据报道Itisbelievedthat人们相信人们相信Itisthoughtthat人们认为人们认为Ithasbeenprovedt
30、hat事实证明事实证明Itiswell-knownthat众所周知众所周知14.abandon【基【基础过础过关】关】vt.离开而不返回离开而不返回,遗遗弃，抛弃，放弃弃，抛弃，放弃Thematchwasabandonedbecauseofbadweather.比比赛赛因因恶恶劣的天气而取消。劣的天气而取消。【拓展延伸】【拓展延伸】abandononeself完全屈从于完全屈从于abandonmentn.遗遗弃弃,离弃离弃,抛弃，抛弃，abandonn.放肆，任性放肆，任性abandonern.放弃者，放弃者，遗遗弃者，投保者弃者，投保者abandoneen.承保人，被承保人，被遗遗弃者弃者a
31、bandonedadj.被被遗遗弃的弃的,自暴自弃的自暴自弃的,无无耻的耻的abandonmentn.放弃放弃,放肆放肆【点【点拨拨】辨析】辨析abandon,desert,giveupabandon强强调调永永远远或完全放弃人或事物或完全放弃人或事物等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；等；可能是被迫的，也可能是自愿的；desert着重指着重指违违背法律背法律责责任和任和义务义务或自或自己的信仰与誓言的行己的信仰与誓言的行为为，多含非，多含非难难的意的意味；味；giveup普通用普通用语语，侧侧重指没有希望，重指没有希望，或因或因为为外界外界压压力而放弃力而放弃Itsfoolishofhimto
32、giveupwithouttrying.【典型例【典型例题题】Astimegoeson,fewerandfeweroldmenare_inthecountryside.A.abandonB.toabandonC.abandoningD.beingabandoned【答案】【答案】D考考查查abandon的用法的用法【点【点拨拨】此】此处处老人和老人和遗遗弃的关系弃的关系为为被被动动15.IttookoverhalfanhourtogettheboatbacktoJames,andwhenweapproachedhim,IsawJamesbeingfirmlyheldupinthewaterby
33、OldTom.翻译翻译我们花了半个小时才把船调转过我们花了半个小时才把船调转过来来,回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠回到詹姆斯落水的地方。当我们靠近他的时候近他的时候,我看到老汤姆正在水中托我看到老汤姆正在水中托着詹姆斯。着詹姆斯。点拨点拨该句是由该句是由and连接的两个并列分句连接的两个并列分句构成。第一个分句包含一个构成。第一个分句包含一个“Ittakes/took(sb.)+一段时间一段时间+todosth.”句型；句型；第二个分句包含一个第二个分句包含一个when引导的时间状引导的时间状语从句，主句中的语从句，主句中的beingheldup为动词为动词-ing形式的被动式，和形式的被动式
34、，和James一起构成一起构成复合宾语。复合宾语。I.根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母根据下列各句句意及所给单词的首字母或汉语提示或汉语提示,写出各单词的正确形式。写出各单词的正确形式。1.Thepastfewyearshavew_greatchangesthroughoutChina.2.Travelandhotela_willbeveryexpensiveinthiscityduringtheOlympicGames.itnessedccommodations3.Thechildrenfoundmanybeautifulshellsonthe_(岸岸)whiletheirparentsw
35、ereswimming.4.Withsomuchnoisegoingonshehadtoy_tobeheard.5.Hearingthegun,theenemieswerehorror-struckandf_inalldirections.shoreellled6.Thepoorworkers_(拖拖)theheavystonesinteamswithropesovertheirshoulders.7.Togethertheydiveintothe_(深深处处)oftheseatosearchforsomerarecreaturesandtreasures.draggeddepths8.The
36、businessmana_hiswifeandwentawaywithalltheirmoney.9.Hehasaverygoodr_withhiseldersister.10.Ap_ofangryshoppersdemandedtheirmoneyback.bandonedelationshipack1.Thepolicechiefspokeofhisdeterminationtocatchthe_(kill).2.Noonecantellthe_(deep)oftheparentslovefortheirchildren.3.Itisreportedthattheoldscientistw
37、illeventuallyreturn35yearsafter_(flee)thecountry.II.用所给词的适当形式填空。用所给词的适当形式填空。killerfleeingdepth4.Asweallknow,_(distant)ismeasuredinmiles,notinkilometersinEngland.5.Hotel_(accommodate)isincludedinthepriceofyourjourney.distanceaccommodation1.你用不着对我喊你用不着对我喊,我听得见。我听得见。(yell)2.警官跑到我们前面去看出了什么事。警官跑到我们前面去看出了
38、什么事。(aheadof)III.根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译根据括号内的提示将下列句子翻译成英语。成英语。Youdonthavetoyellatme;Icanhearyou.Theofficerranaheadofustoseewhathappened.3.我们避开了等在门外的一群记者。我们避开了等在门外的一群记者。(apackof)Weavoidedapackofjournalistswaitingoutside.4.同时同时,我想对每一位老师表达我深深我想对每一位老师表达我深深的谢意的谢意,感谢你们的辛勤工作感谢你们的辛勤工作,感谢你感谢你们为我们学校所作的贡献。们为我们学校所作的贡献
39、。(inthemeantime)Inthemeantime,Idliketoexpressmydeepthankstoeveryteacherforyourhardworkandforyourcontributionstoourschool.5.我只是在这里帮忙我只是在这里帮忙,一直到新秘书来。一直到新秘书来。(helpout)Iamjusthelpingoutuntilthenewsecretaryarrives.1.Didanyoneseethetrafficaccidentthathappenedneartheschoolyesterday?Didanyone_thetrafficacc
40、identhappeningneartheschoolyesterday?IV.每空填一词每空填一词,使该句与所给句子的意使该句与所给句子的意思相同或相近。思相同或相近。witness2.Luckilythetruckinfrontofusturnedtoourleft,butitwasaverynearmiss.Fortunatelythetruck_usturnedtoourleft,butitwasaverynearmiss.3.Theenemyhadrunawayfromthevillagewhenwearrived.Theenemyhad_thevillagewhenwearrive
41、d.aheadoffledfrom4.Nooneknowshowdeepthelakeis.Nooneknows_ofthelake.5.FatherwaspaintingthewallsandatthesametimelittleMikewaswatchingTV.Fatherwaspaintingthewallsand_littleMikewaswatchingTV.thedepthinthemeantime6.WithhishelpIworkedoutthedifficultphysicsproblem.He_me_withthedifficultphysicsproblem.outhelped此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！此课件下载可自行编辑修改，仅供参考！感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢感谢您的支持，我们努力做得更好！谢谢