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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！英语演讲与辩论 unit 9 Hello everyone,Today Iam goning to talk about sectionB.Include of using language accurately and using language clearly.First Im talking about using language accurately,Using language accurately is as vital to a speaker as using numbers ac
2、curately is to an accountant.One study-abroad student found this out the hard way.Speaking to a meeting of host families in London,he stated that all the sightseeing had been tiresome.What he meant was that visits to tourist attractions such as Windsor Castle and the house of Parliament had been tir
3、ing-that they had made him tired.But that is not the meaning of tiresome.It means boring,annoying,dull,and uninteresting hardly the message the speaker meant to communicate!Every word has shades of meaning that distinguish it from every other word.As Mark Twain said,The difference between the right
4、word and the almost right word is the difference between the lighting and the lightning bug.(翻)Lets see some examples.As we can see,all words mean left roughly the same thing.But all these words have different shades of meaning.Just like the easiest walk,there are quite of the words are in the same
5、meaning.Walk(步行):The most general one.Stride(大步):To walk with long steps.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！He strode through the station a few minutes before the train left.Stalk(高视阔步):To walk stiffly,slowly,and proudly with long steps.Waddle 歪都(蹒跚而行):To walk from side to side with shor
6、t steps like a duck.The fat man waddled out of the room.Stagger 死 tiger(蹒跚):To walk unsteadily,slide and drag the feet almost falling at each step,usually because of illness,injury or drink.After drinking too much,he staggered in the street.Trudge 茶几(跋涉):To walk heavily and wearily with effort as wh
7、en one(plod)is tired.The hunter was trudging through the deep snow.Mince 命死(扭扭捏捏地走):To walk with little short steps in an affected manner.It was a funny sight to see her mince along.(翻)Here are another example for mad.Its quite interesting,take a look at that.mad:Showing that one has amanita illness
8、 which often causes them to behave in strange way.crazy:Very strange or foolish.Psychotic,疯子,萨卡提克:The most precise one.used by psychiatrists.Insane,极愚蠢的,Not sound in mind.used in scientific articles.Lunatic 露娜提克,精神错乱的,:wildly foolish.Demented,发狂的,It indicates sbs mentality has degenerated from a pre
9、cious level.maniac:明尼艾克,狂躁者,A mad person who is violent and 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！dangerous.As you prepare your speeches,ask yourself constantly,What do I really want to say?What do I really mean?When in doubt,consult a dictionary or thesaurus to make sure you have the best
10、words to express your ideas.(翻)So lets move to the second part of section B,it is talking about using language clearly,people are different.What makes perfect sense to some maybe nonsense to others.You cannot assume that what is clear to you is clear to your audience.listeners,unlike readers,cannot
11、turn to a dictionary or reread an authors words to discover their meaning.A speakers meaning must be immediately comprehensible;it must be so clear that there is no chance of misunderstanding.You can ensure this by using familiar words,by choosing concrete words over abstract words,and by eliminatin
12、g verbal clutter.First,using familiar words can do the job well,so here are one video for you to have fun.This is a section from the movie 3 idots.This funny stories tell us that to compare with the speech is using big bloated words,that using short sharp ones will do the jobs better.It is easy to u
13、nderstand either.(翻)Another tips to using language clearly is to choose concrete words,concrete words refer to tangible objectspeople,places,欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！and things.They differ from abstract words,which refer to general concepts,qualities,or attributes.“carrot”“penc
14、il”“nose”and “door”are concrete words.“humility”“science”progress”and “philosophy”are abstract words.Let me give you a example.When talking about basketball.Here are several words and phrases you might use:As you move down the list,the words become less abstract and more concrete.You begin with a ge
15、neral concept(physical activity),descend to one type of activity(sports),to a particular sport(basketball),to a division of that sport(NBA),to one specific professional basketball player(Tim Duncan).Although abstract words are necessary to express certain kinds of ideas,they are much easier to misin
16、terpret than are concrete words.Also,concrete words are more likely to claim your listeners attention.A speech dominated by concrete words will almost always be clearer,more interesting,and easier to recall than one dominated by abstract words.(翻)Finally we move to the final part of my sectionelimin
17、ate clutter.We are going to watch this video first.Ok,really funny story,isnt it.we can learn from this video is that when you make a speech,keep your language lean and lively.Beware of using several words where one ore two will do.Avoid flabby phrase.Let your ideas emerge sharply and firmly.Just as we can see in this video,the first thiefs words 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！can be easily conclude into a sentence.And much better for us to understand.This is the end of my section,lets welcome my teammates Fuqianxu to interduce us the final part