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1、人体解剖学词汇内分泌系统&脉管系统内分泌系统 (Endocrine system) endocrine glands 内分泌腺 * thyroid gland 甲状腺 * parathyroid gland 甲状旁腺 inferior parathyroid gland 下甲状旁腺 * hypophysis, pituitary gland, pituitary body 垂体 pineal body 松果体 * suprarenal gland肾上腺 thymus 胸腺脉管系统 (Vascular system) vascular system, angiological system 脉管
2、系统 angiology 脉管学 circulatory system循环系统 cardiovascular system心血管系统 * heart 心 blood血液 vessel 管，脉管 blood vessel 血管 arteriole 小动脉 arteriolovenular anastomsis 小静脉 vein (v.) 静脉 cutaneous v. 皮静脉 superficial(deep) v. 浅(深)静脉 accompanying v. 伴行动脉 venule 小静脉 venous valve 静脉瓣 venous plexus(rete)静脉丛(网) capillar
3、y 毛细管 心血管系统 (Cardiovascular system) systemic circulation,greater circulation 体循环，大循环 pulmonary (lesser) circulation肺循环，小循环 fetal circulation 胎血循环 心(heart) cardiac apex(bace) 心尖(底) cardiac apical incisure 心尖切迹 sternocostal(diaphragmatic) surface 胸肋(膈)面 pulmonary surface 肺面 right border 右缘 left border
4、, obtuse margin 左缘，钝缘 inferior border, acute margin 下缘，锐缘 anterior (posterior) interventricular groove前(后)室间沟 coronary sulcus 冠状沟 atrioventricular junction 房室交点 atrioventricular septum 房室膈 * cardiac ventricle 心室 interventricular septum 室间隔 muscular (membranous ) part 肌(膜)部 * cardiac atrium 心房 left (
5、right) auricle of heart 左(右)心耳 interatrial (interauricular) septum 房间膈 left(right)atrioventricular orifice左(右)房室口 cardiac m. 心肌 pectinate m.梳状肌 carbeous trabeculae 肉柱 papillary m. 乳头肌 tendinous cord 腱索 fibrous skeleton 纤维支架 left fibrous trigone 左纤维三角架 right fibrous trigone, central fibrous body左纤维三角
6、 left (right) fibrous ring 左(右)纤维环 endocardium 心内膜 right atrium 右心房 limiting sulcus, terminal groove 界沟 terminal crest 界嵴 sinus of vena cava 腔静脉窦 oval fossa (foramen)卵圆孔 border of ovalo fossa卵圆窝缘 orifice of superior 上(下)腔静脉口 valve of inferior vena cava 下腔静脉瓣 orifice(valve)of coronary sinus冠状窦口 right
7、 ventricle 右心室 right atrioventricular valve, tricuspidvalve 右房室瓣 supraventricular crest室上嵴 arterial cone动脉圆锥 pulmonary orifice(valve) 肺动脉口(瓣) nodules of semilunar valves半月瓣小节 septomarginal trabecula 隔缘肉柱 left atrium 左心房 orifice of pulmonary v. 肺静脉口 left ventricle 左心室 left atrioventricular valve, vic
8、uspid valve 左房室瓣，二尖瓣 aortic orifice (valve) 主动脉口(瓣) conduction system of heart 心传导系统 sinoatrial node 窦房结 hinternodal tract 结间束 atrioventricular node 房室结 atrioventricular bundle 房室束 left (right) bundle branch 左(右)束支 right coronary a. 右冠状动脉 Left coronary a. 左冠状动脉 anterior interventricular branch 前室间支
9、circumflex branch 旋支 cardiac v. 心静脉 coronary sinus 冠状窦 great cardiac v. 心大静脉 middle cardiac v. 心中静脉 small cardiac v. 心小静脉 * pericardium 心包 fibrous pericardium 纤维心包 serous pericardium 浆膜心包 parietal layer 壁层 visceral layer , epicardium 脏层，心外膜 cavity of pericardium 心包腔 动脉(Artery) * pulmonary trunk 肺动脉干
10、 bifurcation of pulmonary trunk 肺动脉叉 left (right) pulmonary 左(右)肺动脉 arterial duct (lig.) 动脉导管(韧带) * aorta 主动脉 ascending aorta 升主动脉 * brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干 * common carotid a. 颈总动脉 carotid sinus (bodies) 颈动脉窦(小球) * internal carotid a. 颈内动脉 * external carotid a. 颈外动脉 superior thyroid 甲状腺上动脉 lingua
11、l (facial) a. 舌(面)动脉 occipital a. 枕动脉 posterior auricular a. 耳后动脉 superficial temporal a. 颞浅动脉 maxillary a. 上颌动脉 middle meningeal a. 脑膜中动脉 subclavicular a. 锁骨下动脉 vertebral a. 椎动脉 axillary a. 腋动脉 thoracoacromial a. 胸肩峰动脉 lateral thoracic a. 胸外侧动脉 brachial a. 肱动脉 radial a. 桡动脉 deep palmar arch 掌深弓 uln
12、ar a. 尺动脉 cubital articular rete 肘关节网 superficial palmar arch 掌浅弓 common (proper) palmar digital a. 指掌侧总(固有)动脉 descending aorta 降主动脉 * Thoracic aorta 胸主动脉 posterior intercostal a. 肋间后动脉 subcostal a. 肋下动脉 * Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉 inferior phrenic a. 膈下动脉 median sacral a. 骶正中动脉 lumbar a. 腰动脉 c(o)eliac t
13、runk 腹腔干，腹腔动脉 left (right) gastric a. 胃左(右)动脉 common hepatic a. 肝总动脉 proper hepatic a. 肝固有动脉 cystic a. 胆囊动脉 gastroduodenal a. 胃十二指肠动脉 left gastroepiploic a. 胃网膜左动脉 right gastroepiploic a. 胃网膜右动脉 splenic a. 脾动脉 superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜上动脉 jejunal a. 空肠动脉 ileal a. 回肠动脉 ileocolic a. 回结肠动脉 appendicula
14、r a. 阑尾动脉 right colic a. 右结肠动脉 middle colic a. 中结肠动脉 inferior mesenteric a. 肠系膜下动脉 left colic a. 左结肠动脉 sigmoid a. 乙状结肠动脉 superior rectal a. 直肠上动脉 renal a. 肾动脉 testicular a. 睾丸动脉 ovarian a. 卵巢动脉 aortic bifurcation 主动脉杈 * common iliac a. 髂总动脉 * internal iliac a. 髂内动脉 * external iliac a. 髂外动脉 iliolumba
15、r a. 髂腰动脉 obturator a. 闭孔动脉 superior (inferior) gluteal a. 臀上下动脉 umbilical a. 脐动脉 superior (inferior) vesical a. 膀胱上(下)动脉 uterine (vaginal) a. 子宫(阴道)动脉 inferior rectal a. 直肠下动脉 internal pudendal a. 阴部内动脉 anal a. 肛动脉 perineal a. 会阴动脉 external iliac a. 髂外动脉 inferior epigastric a. 腹壁下动脉 femoral a. 股动脉
16、superficial epigastric a. 腹壁浅动脉 external pudendal a. 阴部外动脉 popliteal a. 腘动脉 genicular articular rete 膝关节网 anterior (posterior) tibial a. 胫前(后)动脉 peroneal a. 腓动脉 dorsal pedal a. 足背动脉 medial (lateral) plantar a. 足底内(外)侧动脉 静脉(Vein) Pulmonary v. 肺静脉 right superior (inferior) pulmonary v. 右上(下)肺静脉 left s
17、uperior (inferior) pulmonary v. 左上(下)肺静脉 * superior vena cava 上腔静脉 right brachiocephalic v. 右头臂静脉 left brachiocephalic v. 左头臂静脉 innominate v. 无名静脉 internal jugular v. 颈内静脉 deep facial v. 面深静脉 pterygoid venous plexus 翼静脉丛 venous angle 静脉角 anterior jugular v. 颈前静脉 cephalic v. 头静脉 basilic v. 贵要静脉 media
18、n cubital v. 肘正中静脉 median antebrachial v. 前臂正中静脉 dorsal venous network of hand 手背静脉网 azygos v. 奇静脉 hemiazygos v. 半奇静脉 accessory hemiazygos v. 副半奇静脉 ascending lumbar v. 腰升静脉 lumbar v. 腰静脉 vertebral venous plexus 椎静脉丛 esophageal venous plexus 食管静脉丛 periumbilical venous network 脐周静脉网 * inferior vena ca
19、va 下腔静脉 hepatic v. 肝静脉 * hepatic portal v. 肝门静脉 rectal venous plexus 直肠静脉丛 superficial veins of lower limb 下肢浅静脉 great saphenous v. 大隐静脉 superficial epigastric v. 腹壁浅静脉 small saphenous v. 小隐静脉 2.淋巴系统(Lymphatic System) lymph 淋巴 lymphatic vessel 淋巴管 lymphatic capillary 毛细淋巴管 superficial (deep) lymphat
20、ic vessel 浅 (深)淋巴管 lymphatic valve (plexus) 淋巴管(瓣)丛 lymphatic trunks 淋巴干 left (right) jugular trunk 左(右)颈干 left (right) subclavicular trunk 左(右)锁 骨下干 left (right) bronchomediastinal trunk 左 (右)支气管纵隔干 chyle cistern, chylocyst 乳糜池 chyliferous vessels 乳糜管 left (right) lumbar trunk 左(右)腰干 intestinal trunk 肠干 lymphatic ducts 淋巴导管 right lymphatic duct 右淋巴导管 * thoracic duct 胸导管 lymph node 淋巴结 regional nodes 局部淋巴结 superficial(deep) inguinal lymph nodes腹股沟浅(深)淋巴结 * spleen 脾 splenic notch 脾切迹 hilum of spleen 脾门 thymus 胸腺