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1、PEC生物工程英语证书考试-微生物，生化，细胞词汇汇总Aabjunction 孢子切落ablastin 抑殖素abortin 流产菌素abstriction 孢子缢断acervulus 分生孢子盘acetification 醋化作用acetogen 产乙酸菌achromatic lens 消色差透镜acid-fast staining 抗酸细菌染色法acidification 酸化作用acidophilic bacteria 嗜酸菌aclacinomycin 阿克拉霉素acrospore 顶生孢子actidione,cycloheximide 放线酮actinomycetes 放线菌actin
2、omycin 放线菌素activated sludge 活性污泥active dry yeast 活性干酵母adeno associated virus 腺伴随病毒adenovirus 腺病毒adhesin 黏附素adriamycin 阿霉素aeciospore 锈孢子aecium 锈子器aerial mycelium 气生菌丝体aerobe 需氧菌aerobic cultivation 需氧培养aerobic respiration 需氧呼吸aerobiosis 需氧生活aerogen 产气菌aerotaxis 趋氧性aerotorelant bacteria 耐氧菌aethalium 黏菌
3、体aflatoxin 黄曲霉毒素agar 琼脂agar plate 琼脂平板agar slant 琼脂斜面agarfitine 伞菌氨酸agaricin 蘑菇素agaricinic acid 蘑菇酸aggressin 攻击素aggressivity 攻击力aging 陈酿化agricultural microbiology 农业微生物学agrobacteriocin 土壤杆菌素akinete 静息孢子Alberts staining 阿氏染色aleuriospore 侧生孢子algocyan,leucocyan 藻蓝素allantospore 腊肠形孢子allelopathic substan
4、ces 异株克生物质allelopathy 异种克生现象allophycocyanin 别藻蓝素ambrosia fungi 虫道真菌ambutyrosin 氨丁苷菌素amensalism 偏害共栖American Type Culture Collec- tion 美国模式培养物保藏所, 又称 :美国模式培养物保藏所(ATCC ) amerospore 无隔孢子Ames test 埃姆斯试验ammonification 氨化作用amphitrichate 两端单鞭毛菌amphitrophy 兼性营养amphotericin 两性霉素amylo process 阿明露法anaerobe 厌氧菌
5、anaerobic chamber 厌氧培养室anaerobic cultivation 厌氧培养anaerobic digestion 厌氧消化anaerobic respiration 厌氧呼吸anaerobiosis 厌氧生活anaerogen 不产气菌anamorph 无性型anastomosis 菌丝融合androgamete 雄配子androgenesis 雄核发育androphore 雄器柄androspore 产雄器孢子annellospore 环痕孢子annulus 菌环anoxyphotobacteria 无氧光细菌ansamitocin 安丝菌素antagonium 拮抗
6、作用anthelmycin 抗蠕霉素antheridium 雄器antibacterial agent 抗菌剂antibiotic 抗生素antibiotic spectrum 抗生谱antidiphtheric serum 抗白喉血清antifoam agent 消泡剂antifungal agent 抗真菌剂antigenic drift 抗原性漂移antigenic shift 抗原性转变antilysin 抗溶菌素antimetabolites 抗代谢物antimicrobial agent 抗微生物剂antimycin 抗霉素antisepsis 防腐antiseptic 防腐剂an
7、tiserum 抗血清antitoxin 抗毒素apex 噬菌体顶体apical capsomere 噬菌体顶部壳粒apicle 顶体aplasmomycin 除疟霉素apochromatic lens 全消色差透镜apogamy 无配生殖apomixis 无融合生殖apophysis 囊托apothecium 子囊盘appendage 菌体附器apramycin 阿泊拉霉素aquatic microbiology 水生微生物学arbovirus 虫媒病毒archaebacteria 古细菌archetista 古始生物界Arnold steam sterilizor 流通蒸汽灭菌器arthr
8、oconidium 节分生孢子arthrospore 节孢子ascocarp 子囊果ascogenous hypha 产囊丝ascogonium 产囊体ascomycetes 子囊菌ascospore 子囊孢子ascosporulation 子囊孢子形成ascostroma 子囊座ascus 子囊aseptic technique 无菌操作aspergillin 曲霉菌素aspertoxin 曲霉毒素asporogenous yeasts 无孢子酵母菌assembly 病毒装配assimilation 同化作用associated virus 伴随病毒asymbiotic nitrogen f
9、ixation 非共生固氮作用attenuated strain 减毒株attenuation 减毒作用autoclave 高压灭菌器autoclaving 高压灭菌autoinoculation 自身接种autolysin 自溶素autolysis 自溶现象automatic airlock 自动气锁autotrophic bacteria 自养菌autotrophic succession 自养演替autotrophy 自养autovaccine 自身菌苗autovaccine 自身疫苗auxanogram 生长谱auxanograph 生长谱测定法auxotroph 营养缺陷型averm
10、ectin 除虫菌素axenic cultivetion 纯性培养axenic culture 纯性培养物axial filament 轴丝azotogen 固氮菌剂azygospore 拟接合孢子azygote 单性合子bacitracin 杆菌肽bacteremia 菌血症Bbacteria 细菌bacterial colony counter 菌落计数器bacterial vaccine 菌苗bacterial virulence 细菌毒力bactericide 杀细菌剂bactericidin 杀细菌素bacteriochlorophyll 细菌叶绿素bacteriocin 细菌素ba
11、cterioerythrin 菌红素bacteriofluorescein 细菌荧光素bacteriology 细菌学bacteriolysis 溶菌作用bacteriolytic reaction 溶细菌反响bacteriophage 噬菌体bacteriophage typing 噬菌体分型bacteriophagology 噬菌体学bacteriopurpurin 菌紫素bacteriorhodopsin 细菌紫膜质bacteriosome 细菌小体bacteriostasis 抑菌作用bacteriostat 抑菌剂bacteriotoxin 细菌毒素bacteriotropin 亲菌
12、素bacteroid 类菌体ballistospore 掷孢子barophilic bacteria 嗜压菌base-plate fibril 噬菌体基片丝base-plate hub 噬菌体基片插孔base-plate wedge 噬菌体基片楔突basic medium 根底培养基basidiocarp 担子果basidiomycetes 担子菌basidiophore 担子体basidiospore 担孢子basidium 担子batch cultivation 分批培养batch fermentation 罐批发酵BCG vaccine 卡介苗bean sprouts medium 豆芽
13、汁培养基beef broth 牛肉汁beef extract 牛肉膏bicyclomycin 双环霉素binary fission 二分分裂binocular microscope 双目显微镜bioassay 生物测定biochemical medium 生化培养基bioconversion 生物转化biogas 沼气biological control 生物防治biological products 生物制品biomass 生物量biomass 生物质biosphere 生物圈biotype 生物型biovar 生物变型biphasic cultivation 双相培养bipolar sta
14、ining 两极染色bitunicate ascus 双囊壁子囊blasticidin 杀稻瘟素blastoconidium 芽分生孢子blastospore 芽生孢子bleomycin 博来霉素blind passage 盲传blooms 水华body X体bottom fermentation 下面发酵bottom yeast 下面酵母bran koji 麸曲brewing 酿造brewing technique 酿造技术bright field microscope 明视野显微镜broth cultivation 肉汤培养broth culture 肉汤培养物brucellin 布氏菌素
15、budding 芽殖burst size 噬菌体裂解量butirosin 丁苷菌素, 又称 :丁苷菌素(butyrosin ) Ccandicidin 杀假丝菌素candle jar 烛罐capillitium 孢丝capreomycin 卷曲霉素, 又称 :卷曲霉素(capromycin ) capsid 病毒壳体capsomer 病毒壳粒, 又称 :病毒壳粒(capsomere ) capsule 荚膜carbol fuchsin 石炭酸品红carbon balance 碳平衡carboxydotrophic bacteria 一氧化碳营养菌carminomycin 洋红霉素caroten
16、oids 类葫萝卜素carrier 带病毒者carrier 带菌者carrier phage 载体噬菌体carriomycin 腐霉素casamino acids 水解酪蛋白氨基酸caulobacteria 柄细菌cedar oil 香柏油celesticetin 天青菌素cell line 细胞系cell strain 细胞株cellulase 纤维素酶central spore 中生芽胞centrum 壳心cephalosporin 头孢菌素cephalotricha 单端丛鞭毛菌chemoautotrophic bacteria 化能自养菌chemoautotrophy 化能自养chem
17、oheterotrophic bacteria 化能异养菌chemolithotrophic bacteria 化能无机营养菌chemolithotrophy 化能无机营养chemoorganotrophic bacteria 化能有机营养菌chemoorganotrophy 化能有机营养chemostat 恒化器chemotaxis 趋化性chemotherapy 化学疗法chemotrophy 化能营养chemotropism 向化性chemotype 化学型chemovar 化学变型China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorgani
18、sms 中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会, 又称 :中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会(CCCCM ) Chinese Society for Microbiology 中国微生物学会, 又称 :中国微生物学会(CSM ) chlamydia 衣原体chlamydospore 厚壁孢子chloromycetin 氯霉素, 又称 :氯霉素(chloramphenicol ) chloroteracycline 金霉素, 又称 :金霉素(aureomycin ) chromatophore 载色体chromogenic bacteria 产色细菌chromomycin 色霉素chuangxinmycin 创
19、新霉素Chu-inhibitor 流感病毒朱氏抑制物, 又称 :流感病毒朱氏抑制物(inhibitor ) chytrid 壶菌cirrus 孢子角clamp cell 锁状细胞clamp connection 锁状联合clavulanic acid 棒酸cleistocarp 闭囊果cleistothecium 闭囊壳climax community 顶极群落clindamycin 氯林肯霉素clitocybine 杯伞素clone 克隆closed growth system 封闭生长系统cluster 聚簇clypeus 盾状体coagulase 凝固酶coagulase factors
20、 凝固酶因子coccobacillus 球杆菌coccus 球菌cococarde 半透明型突变噬斑co-cultivation 协同培养coenocyte 多核细胞coenogamete 多核配子coenosporangium 多核孢子囊coenospore 多核孢子coenozygote 多核合子coenzyme M 辅酶 Mco-immobilization 共固定化作用colicin 大肠菌素, 又称 :大肠菌素(colicine ) colicinogenic factor 大肠杆菌素生成因子coliform group 大肠菌类coli-index 大肠杆菌指数colistin 黏
21、菌素colititre 大肠杆菌值collar 噬菌体颈部collarette 囊领colony 菌落colony forming units 菌落形成单位, 又称 :菌落形成单位(CFU ) columella 囊轴combined vaccine 联合疫苗commensalism 偏利共栖companions 伴生种compatibility 相容性compensative eyeplece 补偿目镜competence 感受态competition 兢争共栖complementation 互补complete medium 完全培养基complex symmetry 复合对称concat
22、emer 噬菌体串联体concave slide 凹玻片conditional lethal 条件致死conditional mutant 条件突变株conditioned pathogen 条件致病菌conidiocarp 分生孢子果conidiophore 分生孢子梗conidium 分生孢子conjugate division 噬菌体接合分裂conjugation 接合作用connector 噬菌体颈圈consortium 聚生体constriction 缢缩作用contaminant 污染物contamination 污染continuous cultivation 连续培养conti
23、nuous fermentation 连续发酵continuous sterilization 连续灭菌cooked meat medium 庖肉培养基coprinin 鬼伞菌素cord factor 索状因子cordycepin 蛹虫草菌素core 噬菌体髓部core 核心coremium 菌丝束cortex 芽胞皮层cortinellin 香菇菌素corynebacteria 棒状菌cosmid 黏粒counterstaining 对染法cover glass 盖玻片critical killing dilution 临界杀菌浓度cross reactivation 交叉复活cryopre
24、servation 深低温保藏法cryptic prophage 隐性前噬菌体cryptobiosis 隐生现象cubical symmetry 立体对称cultivation 培养culture 培养物culture flask 培养瓶culture trasfering 移种cup fungi 盘菌curing 噬菌体自愈cyanobacteria 蓝细菌cyanophycin 藻青素cyanophycin granule 藻青素颗粒cycloserine 环丝氨酸cyclosporin 环孢菌素cylinder plate method 杯碟法cystidium 囊状体cytochala
25、sin 松胞菌素cytomycin 胞霉素cytopathic effect 致细胞病变效应, 又称 :致细胞病变效应(CPE ) cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus 质型多角体病毒, 又称 :质型多角体病毒(CPV ) DDaqu (massive raw stater for alcholic liquor) 大曲dark-field 暗视野dark-field microscope 暗视野显微镜dark-field microscopy 暗视野显微术daughter colony 子菌落daunomycin 道诺霉素decline phase 衰亡期decomp
26、oser 分解者deep colony 深层菌落defective interfering particle 干扰缺损颗粒defective mutant 病毒缺损突变株defective virus 缺损病毒dehydrated medium 枯燥培养基denitrification 反硝化作用denitrifying bacteria 反硝化细菌densovirus,DNV 浓核病毒dermatonecrotoxin 皮肤坏死毒素destomycin 越霉素deterioration 生物致劣determinative bacteriology 鉴定细菌学diagnostic microb
27、iology 诊断微生物学dialysis cultivation 透析培养diary microbiology 乳品微生物学diauxie growth curve 双峰生长曲线dictyospore 砖格孢子didymospore 双胞孢子differential interference contrast microscope 分辨干预差显 微镜, 又称 :分辨干预差显微镜(DICM ) differential medium 鉴别培养基differential staining 鉴别染色法difined midium 确定成分培养基dilution method 稀释法dilution
28、-plate method 稀释平板别离法dimorphic fungi 双态性真菌dimorphism 双态现象diphtheria toxin 白喉毒素dipicolinic acid 2,6-吡啶二羧酸, 又称 :2,6-吡啶二羧酸(DPA) diplobacillus 双杆菌diplococcus 双球菌discocarp 盘状子囊果disinfectant 消毒剂disinfection 消毒dispore 双孢担孢子dissimilation 异化作用distamycin 偏端霉素donor 供体dormancy 休眠doubling time 倍增时间drug resistant
29、 gene 抗药基因drug resistant strain 抗药性菌株drug susceptibility 药物敏感性drug-resistance 抗药性dry heat sterilization 干热灭菌Durhams fermentation tube 杜氏发酵管dwarf colony 侏儒型菌落dysbacteriosis 菌群失调Eearly genes 病毒早期基因early protein 病毒早期蛋白eburicoic acid 齿孔酸ECHO virus 艾柯病毒eclipse period 隐蔽期ectendomycorrhiza 内外生菌根ectomycorrh
30、iza 外生菌根ectothrix 毛外癣菌efficiency of plating 成斑效率elater 弹丝electron microscope 电子显微镜elementary body 原生小体EMB agar 伊红甲烯蓝琼脂endobasidium 内生担子endoconidium 内分生孢子endogenenous variable 内源变量endogenous virus 内源病毒endomycorrhiza 内生菌根Endos medium 远藤培养基endospore 内生孢子endosymbiosis 内共生endothrix 毛内癣菌endotoxin 内毒素enric
31、hed medium 滋养培养基enrichment medium 富集培养基enterococcin 肠球菌素enterotoxin 肠毒素enterovirus 肠道病毒entomogenous fungi 虫生真菌entomopathogen 昆虫病原微生物entomopox virus 昆虫痘病毒, 又称 :昆虫痘病毒(EPV ) envelope 包膜, 又称 :包膜(peplos ) envelope antigen 病毒包膜抗原envelope antigen 细菌包被抗原epibasidium 上担子epidermolytic toxin 表皮溶解毒素epithecium 囊层
32、被erythrogenic toxin 红斑毒素erythromycin 红霉素esterastin 抑酯酶素etiology 病原学eubacteria 真细菌eukaryote 真核生物eurythermal microorganism 广温微生物euvirus 真病毒everninomicin 扁枝衣霉素exfoliative toxin 剥脱性毒素exine 外壁exitine 芽胞外膜exospore 外生孢子exosporium 孢子外壁exotoxin 外毒素exponential growth 指数生长extracellular enzyme 胞外酶extreme bacter
33、ia 极端细菌Ffactor 因子factor 420 420 因子facultative anaerobe 兼性厌氧菌fastidious microorganism 苛求菌favic chandelier mycelium 黄癣菌丝feed back inhibition 反响抑制fermentation 发酵fermentation capacity 发酵能力fermenter 发酵罐fermetability 可发酵性fermicutes 硬壁细菌类Fernbach flask 冯巴赫瓶fertility factor 致育因子Feulgen staining 富尔根染色fiber a
34、ntigen 噬菌体尾丝抗原fibrinolysin 溶纤维蛋白溶酶filamentous type colony 丝状型菌落filtration sterilization 过滤除菌fimbrium 噬菌体伞毛fixed virus 狂犬病固定毒flagellar antigen 鞭毛抗原flagellar basal body 鞭毛基体flagellin 鞭毛蛋白flagellum 鞭毛flat sour bacteria 平罐酸败菌flat-sour spoilage 平罐酸败flax retting 亚麻浸渍flora 菌群flora 区系fluorescence microscope
35、 荧光显微镜food microbiology 食品微生物学food poisoning 食物中毒foot cell 脚胞foot cell 足细胞forespore 前芽胞formycin 间型霉素fortimicin 健霉素foulbrood 蜜蜂幼虫腐臭病fractional cultivation 分部培养法fragmentation 断裂French cell press 弗氏细胞压碎器fruiting body 子实体fungistat 抑真菌剂funiculus 菌丝索fusarinic acid 镰孢菌酸fuseau 顶生厚壁孢子Ggametangial copulation
36、配囊交配gametangium 配子囊gamete 配子gametocyte 配子母细胞gas vacuole 气泡GC values GC值gelatine liquefication 明胶液化gene cluster 基因簇gene transfer 基因转移general microbilogy 普通微生物学genetic transformation 遗传转化genotype 基因型gentamicin 艮他霉素geosmins 放线菌土臭味素germ free animal 无菌动物germ pore 芽孔germ slit 芽缝germ tube 芽管germ-free plant
37、 无菌植物germicides 杀菌剂ghost 菌蜕giant colony 巨大菌落gleba 产孢体gliding 滑行glidingbacteria 滑行细菌gliotoxin 胶霉毒素glucose effect 葡萄糖效应glycocalyx 多糖包被gnotobiology 悉生生物学gnotobiote 悉生生物gonidium 微生子gougerotin 谷氏菌素gracilicutes 薄壁细菌类gradient plate 梯度平板Gram staining 革兰氏染色gramicidin 短杆菌肽Gram-negative bacteria 革兰氏阴性菌Gram-pos
38、itive bacteria 革兰氏阳性菌granule 颗粒体granulin 颗粒体蛋白granulose 细菌淀粉粒granulosis virus 颗粒体症病毒, 又称 :颗粒体症病毒(GV ) grisein 灰霉素griseofulvin 灰黄霉素growth factor 生长因子Guarnieris bodies 顾氏小体Hhaemolysin 溶血素haemolysis 溶血作用halophilic bacteria 嗜盐菌hamathecium 囊间丝hanging drop method 悬滴法HBcAg 乙型肝炎核心抗原HBeAg 乙型肝炎e抗原HBsAg 乙型肝炎外表
39、抗原head 噬菌体头部heat fixation 热固定helical symmetry 螺旋对称helicospore 卷旋孢子helper virus 辅助病毒hemadsorption 血细胞吸附, 又称 :血细胞吸附(HD ) hemagglutination 血细胞凝集, 又称 :血细胞凝集(HA ) hemagglutination inhibition 血凝抑制hemagglutinin 血凝素hemibasidium 半担子hemolytic test 溶血试验herbicidin 除莠菌素herbimycin 除莠霉素heterobasidium 隔担子heterocyst
40、 异形囊胞heterofermentation 异型发酵heterofermentative lactic bacteria 异型发酵乳酸菌heterogamete 异形配子heterogamy 异配生殖heterology 异源性heterothallism 异宗配合heterotrophic bacteria 异养菌heterotrophic potential 异养潜能heterotrophic succession 异养演替heterotrophy 异养heterozygosis 杂合现象heterozygote 异形合子hexonmer 病毒六邻体, 又称 :病毒六邻体(hexons
41、 ) high frequency of recombination 高频重组, 又称 :高频重组(Hfr ) high power objective 高倍物镜H-O variation H-O 变异holdfast 固着器holobasidium 无隔担子holomorph 全型holomycin 全霉素homoacetogenic bacteria 同型产乙酸细菌homobasidium 同担子homofermentation 同型发酵homofermentative lactic bacteria 同型发酵乳酸菌homoimmune phage 同源免疫噬菌体homology 同源性h
42、omothallism 同宗配合hormogonium 蓝细菌连锁体host range mutant 宿主范围突变株hyaluronidase 透明质酸酶hydrogen sulfide production test 硫化氢试验hydrogenogens 产氢菌hydrogenotrophic bacteria 氢营养菌hydrogen-producing acetogenic bacteria 产氢产乙酸细菌hygromycin 潮霉素hymenium 子实层hymenophore 子实层体hypha 菌丝hyphal body 虫菌体hyphal fragment 菌丝段hypholytic action 溶菌丝作用hyphopodium 附着枝hypnosporangium 休眠孢子囊hypnospore 休眠孢子hypobasidium 下担子hypogeal fungi 地下真菌hypostroma 下子座hypothallus 囊基膜hypothecium 囊层基hysterothecium 缝裂壳Iicosahedral symmet