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1、被动语态和动词被动语态和动词不定式的被动语态不定式的被动语态Unit 2 GrammarDiscovering useful structuresGo over the passive voice My hamburger was eaten by the dog.A new hospital will be built in our city.被动语态由被动语态由be+过去分词构成，过去分词构成，be随时态的变化而变化。随时态的变化而变化。一般现在时：一般现在时：am/is/are+P.P The classroom is cleaned.一、被动语态的构成一、被动语态的构成一般过去时：一般
2、过去时：was/were+p.pThese computers were made in our own country.一般将来时：一般将来时：will/shall be+p.pShall we be asked to attend the opening ceremony?过去将来时：过去将来时：would be+p.pThe news would be sent to the soldiers mother as soon as it arrived.现在进行时：现在进行时：am/is/are being+p.pTrees are being planted over there by
3、them.过去进行时：过去进行时：was/were being+p.pThe feast was being prepared when the birds arrived in the sky.现在完成时：现在完成时：have/has been+p.p Swift progress has also been made in culture and education.过去完成时：过去完成时：had been+p.p The huge bridge had been damaged before the World War II.将来完成时：将来完成时：will/shall have bee
4、n+p.pThe book will have been published by the end of next month.含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态：情含有情态动词的动词变成被动语态：情态动词态动词+be+过去分词过去分词This problem can be solved.这问题可解决。这问题可解决。Whats done cannot be undone.覆水难收。覆水难收。二、动词不定式的被动语态二、动词不定式的被动语态一般时一般时 to be done完成时完成时 to have been doneI perfer to be left at home rather than
5、go shopping.The river is reported to have been polluted.1.The dishes need 2.The mail needs right away.washsendto be washed.to be sent 三、不定式的主动形式表示被动三、不定式的主动形式表示被动1.在在there be结构中。结构中。There is a lot of homework to do.(也可用也可用to be done)There is no time to lose(to be lost).2.在在“n.pron+be+adj.+to do”结构中。
6、常用的形容词有结构中。常用的形容词有easy，difficult，hard，impossible，nice，pleasant，light，heavy，interesting，important，expensive，cheap，fit，dangerous等。等。He is hard to convince.3.在在“too to do;enough to”结构中。结构中。如：如：The problem is too difficult to work out(to be worked out).The house is big enough to live in.4.在在“with+n.+to
7、do”结构中。结构中。With nothing to do,he lay in bed.With so many exercises to do,I cant go to the cinema.5.一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。一些作表语用的不定式的主动形式。常见的这类动词有常见的这类动词有let(出租出租),rent，hire,blame等等。The house is to let.I felt I was to blame.用被动语态改换下列各句。用被动语态改换下列各句。1.My father will repair my bike for me.My bike will be repa
8、ired by my father for me.2.I have found my wallet.My wallet has been found.3.She told me to wait here for her.I was told to wait here for her.4.The police will surely arrest the murderer.The murderer will surely be arrestedby the police.5.They invited Mr.Green to make a speech.Mr.Green was invited t
9、o make a speech.6.The students clean their classroom every day.Their classroom is cleaned by the students every day.7.You mustnt take those books out of the reading-room.Those books mustnt be taken out of the reading-room.8.I didnt tell you the girl could do the job.You werent told by me that the gi
10、rl could do the job.9.Do people speak English in your country?Is English spoken in your country?10.He gave me a present.I was given a present.A present was given to me.11.Mother often tells her children a story at bed time.Children are often told a story at bed time by mother.A story is often told b
11、y mother to children at bed time.1.Knives _(use)for cutting things.2.The building _(build)in 1987.3.Nuclear energy _(use)to produce electricity by us.4.Several big modern power plants _ _(build)in our city next year.5.Your mistakes _ (correct)right now.6.My bike _(repair)by Tom now.用被动语态填空。用被动语态填空。are usedwas builthas been used will be built should be correctedis being repaired