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1、口译口译(教育教育)Chinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvFourparts:v(1)basiceducationv(2)occupational/polytechniceducationv(3)commonhighereducationv(4)adulteducationChinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvBasiceducationv(1)pre-schooleducationv(2)primary/elementaryschooling(6years)v(3)
2、juniorhighschooling(3years)v(4)seniorhighschooling(3years)Chinas Educational SystemChinas Educational SystemvCommonhighereducationv4parts:vjuniorcollegeprogram(2-3years)vbachelorsprogram(4years)(medicalandsomeengineeringandtechnicalprograms5years)vmastersprogram(2-3years)vdoctoralprograms(3years)Chi
3、nas Educational SystemChinas Educational Systemv thegovernmentasthemajorinvestorandsocialpartnersasco-investors.vlocalgovernmentsatorundermunicipallevels:compulsoryeducationvcentralandprovincialgovernments:highereducationvTheMinistryofEducation(MOE)isthesupremeorganofeducationadministrationinChina.T
4、heeducationsysteminUKv1).pre-primaryschooling(uptoage5)nurseryschools(托儿所托儿所)，daycare(托儿所的日托托儿所的日托),orplaygroupsv2).primaryschooling(5-11,6years)v3).secondaryschooling(11-around19,7years)vA.comprehensiveschoolsv90%;vadmitchildrenwithoutreferencetotheiracademicabilitiesandprovideageneraleducation,fro
5、macademicsubjectslikeliteraturetomorepracticalsubjectslikecooking)vB.grammarschoolsva).anexaminationcalled“the11-plus”vb).layemphasisonadvancedacademicsubjectsvc).stillcommoninNorthernIrelandvafter5yearsofsecondaryschooling,ataboutage16,exceptScottishstudents,thestudentssittheirGCSEexams(GeneralCert
6、ificateofSecondaryEducation)中学毕业证书中学毕业证书考试考试vthentheycan:vquitschool;vorpreparetosituniversityentranceexams;vstudyforafurther2yearsandthensitA-levelsexams(GeneralCertificateofEducation-Advanced高级水平测试高级水平测试结业证书结业证书)vorconcentrateonvocationaltrainingvGNVQs(GeneralNationalVocationalQualifications国家专国家专
7、业资格证书业资格证书):thevocationalequivalentofA-levelsv4).highereducationvonlyoneprivatelyfundeduniversity:theUniversityofBuckinghamvoldestuniversities:vEnglandOxford(12thC.)andCambridge(13thC.)vScotland:StAndrews,Glasgow,EdinburghandAberdeen(阿伯丁阿伯丁)from14thand15thcenturiesvpolytechnics(多科性理工学院多科性理工学院)vOpenU
8、niversityEducation System in AmericavEducationintheU.Sisviewedasanationalconcern,astateresponsibility,andalocalfunction.vUndertheU.SConstitution,thefederalgovernmenthasnopowertomakelawsinthefieldofeducation;instead,eachstateisfullyresponsiblewithinitsownterritory.vStateslaydowngeneralprinciples,andl
9、ocalcommunityboardsofeducationprovideandmanageschools.The Educational LadderKindergartenElementary schoolHigh schoolCollege Americans view their public school system as an educational ladder:Pre-College Early Childhood EducationPreschools Primary school,Elementary School vstartschoolat the age of fi
10、ve years.vThefirstyear-kindergarten.ItisrequiredofallAmericanchildrenenrolled.vThesecondyear-the first year of primary school -first grade.vPrimaryschoolmostcommonlyconsistsoffiveyearsofeducation-first through fifth grades.Primaryschool Secondary school All school systems in the US have 12 years of
11、elementary,middle school and senior high school.+Elementary schoolHigh school6 yearsSenior high schoolJunior high school4 years2 yearsJunior high school:A difficult period for many children due to the onset of puberty 青春期vpublichighschools:financedbypublicfunds,freetoallstudents,evenforeigners.vPriv
12、atehighschools:privatelyoperatedandfinanced,notcontrolledbyanygovernmentagency,buttheirstudentsmuststillmeettheminimumgraduationrequirementssetbythestate.Studentsmustpaytuition.vPrivatehighschoolsarepopularbecausetheyofferoptionsthatarenotavailableatpublichighschoolslikeadvancedmath&sciencecourses,a
13、broaderselectionofforeignlanguages,&betterart,music&athleticprograms.Secondary school Undergraduate schoolUndergraduate school Graduate school UndergraduateschoolvTheseareschoolsthatoffereitheratwo-yeardegree(calledanassociatesdegree)orafour-yeardegree(calledabachelorsdegree)inaspecificcourseofstudy
14、.Thatcourseofstudyiscalledthe major.vWhilemostschoolsthatofferafour-yeardegreewilladmitstudentswhohavenotyetchosenamajor,allstudentsarerequiredtoselect a major by their second year at school.vStudentswhocompleteanassociatedegreecancontinuetheireducationatafour-yearschoolandeventuallycompleteabachelo
15、rsdegree.vTheypursuetwotypesofdegrees:thefirstisamastersdegree.Thisisusuallyatwo-yeardegreethatishighlyspecializedinaspecificfield.Studentsaresometimesadmittedtoamastersdegreeprogramonlyiftheyhaveabachelorsdegreeinacloselyrelatedfield.Thesecondisadoctoratedegree.Studentswhowanttoadvancetheireducatio
16、nevenfurtherinaspecificfieldcanpursueadoctoratedegree,alsocalledaPHD.Graduate school There are four types of degrees:vAssociates(completionofaprograminaspecificcareerfield),vBachelors(conferredaftercompletionofanundergraduateprogram),vMasters(firstgraduatedegree)vDoctorate(secondgraduatedegreeandfin
17、aldegree).Associate Degrees:vA US associate degree is a 2-year degree.vThe three classes of US associate degrees offered :the associate of arts degree(A.A.degree)the associate of applied science degree(A.A.S.degree)the associate of science degree(A.S.degree).Bachelor Degree:vAbachelorsdegreeisthemos
18、ttraditionaldegree.Itrequiresatleastfouryearsbutnotmorethanfiveyearsoffull-timecollege-levelcoursework.vThetwomostcommonclassesawardedbyUSschools:thebachelorofsciencedegree(theB.S.)thebachelorofartsdegree(theB.A.).Master degreevTheUSmastersdegreeisagraduateschooldegreethattypicallyrequirestwoyearsof
19、full-timegraduateschoolcourseworktocomplete.vstudentsinamastersdegreeprogramwillcompletecoursesthatarehighlyfocusedintheirfieldofstudyMaster degreeMA=MasterofArtsMS=MasterofScienceMBA=MasterOfBusinessAdministrationMED(MasterofEducation)MFA(MasterofFineArts)Doctor degreevCompletionofaUSdoctoratedegre
20、etypicallytakesbetweenthreeandsixyears.Thelengthoftimewilldependonthestudentseducationalbackground.vThethesisisaverylong,extensive,andoriginalresearchpaperthatisarequirementforcompletingthePhDprogram.How do a university or a college get money for its expenses?A privately funded oneGet money from the
21、 state governmentFunded by a religious groupThey are funded in one of the following three ways.A publicly funded oneGet money from private sourcesPublic or PrivatevMostcollegestudentsintheUSarein“public”institutions,andonlyaminorityarein“private”ones.vTheoldest,andinsomewaysthemostprestigious,colleg
22、esareprivate,foundedpartlyfromendowments,andpartlybycontributionsfrombusinessandaboveall,formerstudents.Access to CollegevQs:WhattestsshouldAmericanhighschoolstudentstakeiftheywanttoapplyforacollegeorauniversity?WhattestsshouldAmericanuniversitystudentstakeiftheywanttofurthertheireducationinagraduat
23、eschool?Besidestestscores,arethereanyotherthingsimportantwhenapplyingforacollegeoragraduateschoolinAmerica?vInAmerica,thereisntauniversalexamforenrollingacollegeorauniversity,becausedifferentuniversitieshavedifferentrequirements.Inthelastyearofhighschool,thestudentshavetoapplyseveralschoolsandtaketh
24、eexamsofeachschoolrespectively.HarvardUniversityHarvardUniversityColleges look for stuents who are“well-arounded.”Extracurricular activitiesGrades in high schoolScores on tests like the SATExtracurricular activitiesThe most important oneTeach the student the“winning spirit”Designed to develop compet
25、itive,political and social skillsArt,music,drama,debate,photograph,volunteer workStudent governmentClubs and other activitiesAthletics or competitive sportsAll aimed at helping the students to become more successful in later life.College GradesvA,B,C,D,F.vF-a failing grade.No credit.vStudents must m
26、aintain at least a low C average in order to remain in school.Whats the significance of extracurricular activities?Demonstrate their special talentsDemonstrate their level of maturity and responsibilityDemonstrate their ability to get along with othersDemonstrate their leadership qualitiesTestsSAT:S
27、cholasticAssessmentTest学术评价测验ScholasticAptitudeTest学术性向测验ACT:AmericanCollegeTestingGRE:GraduateRecordExamination美国研究生入学考试GMAT：TheGraduateManagementAdmissionTestThe Ivy League(常青藤盟校）Some of the best-known private universities in the United States are located in the Northeast.They are the oldest ones
28、in America as well,known informally as the Ivy League.These include Harvard,Yale,Princeton,Brown,Columbia,Cornell,Dartmouth,and University of Pennsylvania,with the first three known as“The Big Three”.Harvard UniversityHarvard is located in Cambridge,Massachusetts,on the eastern coast of the United S
29、tates.Harvard UniversityHarvard College was established in 1636.It was named for its first benefactor,John Harvard of Charlestown,a young minister who upon his death,left his library and half his estate to the new institution.Yale UniversityItcomprisesthreemajoracademiccomponents:YaleCollege(theunde
30、rgraduateprogram),theGraduateSchoolofArtsandSciences,andtenprofessionalschools.Yale University was founded in 1701.Princeton UniversitylocatedintheheartofPrinceton,NewJersey,Princetonsimultaneouslystrivestobeoneoftheleadingresearchuniversitiesandthemostoutstandingundergraduatecollegeintheworld.Pract
31、ice(C-E)中国教育vExpressionsv1.中等发达国家moderately-developedcountryv2.基本普及九年义务教育vbasicallypopularize9-yearcompulsaryeducationv3.基本扫除青壮年文盲vbasicallyeliminateilliteracyamongyoungandmiddle-agedpeoplev4.毛入学率grossenrollmentratev5.基石cornerstonev6.扫盲教育educationforilliteratesPractice(C-E)中国教育v7.大众化教育populareducati
32、onv8.科技成果转化vTransformation/transferofscientificandtechnologicalresearchresultsv9.职业教育vocationaleducationv10.高等职业学院vocationalcollegev11.助学金tuitionassistance/stipendv12.尊师重教respectteachersandvalueeducationPractice(C-E)中国教育v13.人才强国战略vthestrategyofmakingChinastrongerbyproducingmoreoutstandingpersonnel/r
33、ejuvenatingthecountrybyrelyingontalentsv14.弘扬的良好风气vfosteranenvironmentofv15.科教兴国vdevelopthecountrybyrelyingonscienceandeducationPractice(E-C)RemarksbyPresidentObamainaNationalAddresstoAmericasSchoolChildrenv1.WakefieldHighSchoolinArlington,Virginia弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿郡维克菲尔德高中v2.tunein收听，收看v3.Thisisnopicnic.这并不轻
34、松。v4.buster小家伙，老兄v5.theXbox一种游戏v6.SupremeCourtJustice最高法院的大法官E-Cv7.studentgovernment学生会v8.talkback顶嘴，不顺从v9.cutclass逃学，旷课v10.clickwith投缘v11.counselor辅导员Teamwork:Profile of SCBCTeamwork:Profile of SCBCv1.通基础、精专业、强外语、重实践vcomprehensiveknowledge,excellentspecialty,foreignlanguageproficiencyandpracticalsk
35、illsv2.人才培养模式educationalpatternv3.双高两强“（思想素质高、专业水平高、跨文化交际能力、信息技术运用能力强”vbewell-equippedwithideologicalquality,professionalskills,cross-culturalcommunicationcompetenceandtheabilitytoemployinformationtechnologyTeamwork:Profile of SCBCTeamwork:Profile of SCBC4.“外语+专业”交叉融合：foreignlanguageteachingwithothe
36、rmajors5.全英教学班：English-onlyclass6.国际班：classforstudyingabroad7.本科教学质量undergraduateteachingquality8.教学改革工程teachingreformproject9.重点专业keymajor10.试点专业trialmajor11.创新实验专业innovativemajorTeamwork:Profile of SCBCTeamwork:Profile of SCBCv12.招生分数admissionscorev13.就业率employmentratev14.互认学分credittransferv15.明德尚
37、行，学贯中西“vMoralintegrity,exemplarybehavior,andconversancewithbothEasternandWesternlearningv16.优化学科专业结构、提升办学质量与层次optimizedisplinarystructureandenhanceoperationalqualityandlevelv17.外语特色鲜明、商科优势突出distinguishedinforeignlanguagesandbusinessdisciplinesv18.高水平教学型大学high-levelteaching-orientedcollegeImpromptu I
38、nterpreting刘延东在第五届孔子学院大会上的主旨演讲v孔子学院 Confucius Institutev花灯璀璨的夜晚 dazzling eveningv注册用户 registered userv品牌活动 brand name eventv上海世博会 Shanghai World Expov新家坡南洋理工大学 vNanyang Technology University in Singaporev新西兰奥克兰大学vAuckland University in New Zealandv智力圣托马斯大学v University of Saint Thomas in Chilev英国伦敦南岸大学vLondon Southbank University in United Kingdomv喀麦隆雅温得第二大学vUniversity of Yaounde II in Cameroon v俄罗斯新西伯利亚国立技术大学vNovosibirsk State University of Technology in Russia