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1、北师大高一英语必修三北师大高一英语必修三-Module-3-Unit-7-Module-3-Unit-7-Lesson-1Lesson-1Unit 7 The SeaLesson1TheSpiritofExplorers To practise reading for specific information.To practise using relative clauses with when,where and why.To practise using relative clauses with prepositions and relative pronouns.To review
2、and consolidate the relative pronouns.To talk about explorers.ObjectivesDoyouknowanyexplorersatsea?ZhengHewasaHuiChinesemariner,explorer,diplomatandfleetadmiral,whomadethevoyagesalongwithWangJinghongtoSoutheastAsia,SouthAsia,andEastAfrica,collectivelyreferredtoasthetravelsofZhengHetotheWesternOcean,
3、from1405to1433.JamesCookwasaBritishcaptain.HemademapsofAustraliaandNewZealand.JamesCookJamesCookTheroutesofCaptainJamesCooksvoyages.Thefirstvoyageisshowninred,secondvoyageingreen,andthirdvoyageinblue.TherouteofCookscrewfollowinghisdeathisshownasadashedblueline.ChristopherColumbus(1451 20 May 1506)wa
4、s a Spanish sailor.He made four voyages.He is famous all over the world now.People consider him to have discovered America first.VoyagesofChristopherColumbusTheVikings were a group of Scandinavian people who sailed in ships to attack areas along the coastsof northern and western Europe from the 8th
5、to 11th centuries.theVikings维维京京人人的的海海洋洋探探险险 -维维京京人人扩扩张张图图TheVikings,thefirstEuropeanswhoreachedAmerica1.WhichofthefollowingpeopledoyouthinkarrivedinAmericafirst?a)Christopher Columbusb)Ancient Greeksc)Chinese sailorsd)VikingsAnswer:d)VikingsPart IBeforeyoustart2.FindChinesenamesfortheseplacesonpage
6、110.ScandinaviaIcelandNorwayGreenlandNewfoundland格陵兰（丹麦）格陵兰（丹麦）纽芬兰纽芬兰挪威挪威冰岛冰岛斯堪的纳维亚斯堪的纳维亚ScandinaviaIcelandNewfoundlandGreenland3.Matchthewordswiththeirexplanations.Scandinavia Greenland a large island in the North Atlantic Ocean,near Northeastern Canada an area of North Europe consisting of Norway,
7、Sweden,Denmark,Iceland and Finlanda country in the North Atlantic a large island in Eastern Canada NewfoundlandIceland VikingVoyagestoAmericaPart IIReadingThepaintingshowsVikingraiderinabouttheyear1,100.ThisistheVinland-map.ItmightbetheoldestmapofNorthAmerica.SomepeoplebelievetheVikingsdrewit.Theyth
8、inkChristopherColumbusmayhaveusedittofindtheNewworld.ErictheRed(950?-1003 or 1004)was a Viking explorer who was the first European in Greenland.He led a group of colonists to Greenland in 986.Scandinavia is a historical and geographical region innorthern Europe that consists of the kingdoms of Norwa
9、y,Sweden,Denmark,Iceland and Finland.Fast ReadingTrueorfalse.1)Eric the Red wanted to get a land which could be colonized so he decided to set sail further.2)Biarni set sail from Iceland in order to join Leifs father.FF3)Biarni discovered Greenland first.4)The Vikings were stronger and stronger in N
10、orthern Europe from the 8th to 10th century.5)According to official records Europeans reached America long before Columbus ever set sail.FTFCareful ReadingFillintheblankswiththedetailedinformation.Part 1 _ were the first Europeans to reach America.(Para.1)The VikingsPart 2 About the Vikings:(Para.2)
11、The Vikings ancestors came from:_ Between the 8th and 10th centuries:_By around 900 AD:_In 982 AD:a._b._Scandinaviacontrolled the seas and coasts of Northern Europechose many places in Northern Europe to liveEric the Red decided to set sail further west10,000 Vikings lived in IcelandPart 3 The Vikin
12、gs four voyages to America(Paras.3-5)1)Eric the Reds exploration (Para.3)Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because_He returned to Iceland to_He set sail once again with_ he had committed a murder for which he got into trouble.persuade some people to go with him to Greenland.25 ships,of which
13、only 14 made it to Greenland.Biarnis exploration(Para.4)When and why did Biarni set sail from Iceland?What happened to him during the voyage?Did he finally reach Greenland?Not long after Eric the Red had landed in Greenland,Biarni set sail in search of Erics party.He was blown off course and found h
14、imself in an unknown land.Yes,he did.Leif and Biarnis exploration(Para.5)When was Leif planning the trip further west?Where did they arrive?In the year 1002.They sailed to what is believed to be the coast of present-day Canada,then sailed further south to Newfoundland.Part 4 How do we know about the
15、 stories?(Para.6)The stories about the Vikings were written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland,which are the first records of Europeans sailing to the Americas.3.CompletethetableabouttheVikingsthreemajordiscoveries.When?Who?What?How?the middle of the ninth centurydiscover-ed Icelandblown the
16、re by a stormEric the RedSummarizenot longer after Eric the Red had landed in GreenlandBiarniunknown landblown off coursethe year 1002Leif(the son of Eric the Red)and BiarniVinland(now known as Newfound-land)planned the trip4.Readthetextagainandanswerthefollowingquestions.1)Why did Eric the Red leav
17、e Iceland?2)Who was Biarni looking for when he was blown to an unknown land?He was forced to leave Iceland because he got into trouble for a murder he had committed.He was looking for his father who was with Erics party.3)How do we know about the Vikings?We know about them through stories which were
18、 written down centuries later in Norway and Iceland.Part IIIVoiceyouropinion5.DoyouthinkitmatterswhichEuropeansfirstreachedAmerica?Discusswithyourpartnerandtelltheclass.Part IVVocabulary6.Definitions:Findthewordsinthetextthatmatchmostcloselywiththemeaningofthewordsbelow.1 finally2 succeed3 never hea
19、rd of4 start a sea journey5 looking for6 sea journey7 now8 based oneventuallyachieveunknownset sailin search ofvoyagepresent-dayaccording to1.They achieved this long before Columbus ever set sail.2.早在哥伦布启航前，他们就已经到达那里了。1)long before “在之前很久”比较：before long =soon “不久”He will come back to see us before l
20、ong.他很快就会回来看我们。Part VLanguagePoints常见句型：常见句型：It+be+时间+before“过了多久才”It was a long time before I fell asleep lastnight.昨晚我过了很久才睡着。It+be+not+long+before“不久就”It wont be long before we see each other.我们不久就会见面的。2)set sail=start a sea journey（起航）set out=set forth=set off（起程；出发；动身）set out to do sth.开始做某事 se
21、t about doing sth.开始做某事，着手做某事（不用于被动语态）The government must set about finding solutions to the pollution problem.政府必须立即找出治理污染的办法。They set out to repair the road.他们开始维修公路了。2.According to the old stories of Iceland and Norway,Eric the Red was forced to leave Iceland because he had committed a murder,for
22、 which he got into trouble.根据冰岛和挪威的传说，埃里克雷德因一起谋杀而惹上麻烦并被迫离开冰岛。1)according to as stated or shown by2)=based on 根据，依据 后面接短语，不能接句子。The price changed according to the season.价格根据季节变化。2)be forced to do sth.被迫做某事 force sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事 The workers were forced to work at least 16 hours a day.工人们被迫每天至少工作
23、16个小时。3)get into trouble to put(oneself or someone else)into a bad condition 陷入困境；陷入麻烦 Do not go to computer rooms,or youll get into trouble.别进入计算机房，否则你会惹麻烦的。have trouble(in)doing something 做某事有困难Did you have any trouble(in)finding the house?你找到这所房子有困难吗？Do you have trouble remembering names at parti
24、es?在聚会上记住人的名字有困难吗?3.He persuaded some people to go back with him to Greenland.他说服一些人和他一起回到了格陵兰岛。persuade sb.to do sth.说服、劝服某人做某事He persuaded me to buy the house.他说服我买了这房子。He advised(tried to persuade)me to buy the house,but I didnt.他建议我买这房子，却没有把我说服。常用搭配常用搭配persuade sb.into doing sth.=talk sb.into do
25、ing sth.说服某人做某事persuade sb.not to do sth.=persuade sb.out of doing sth.=talk sb.out of doing sth.说服某人不要做某事persuade sb of sth.使某人相信某事典例链接典例链接1)He persuaded me into majoring in physics.2)他说服我主修物理。2)I persuaded her not to go hiking with him.=I persuaded her out of going hiking with him.我说服她不要和他去跋涉旅行。3)
26、How can you persuade them of the advantages of solar cars?你怎样才能使他们相信太阳能汽车的好处呢？4.a man called Biarni set sail from Iceland in search of Erics party.insearchof寻找寻找Theboyswentoutinsearchofsomethingtoeat.这个男孩出去找些吃的东西这个男孩出去找些吃的东西。searchfor到处寻找到处寻找Imustsearchforthatlostmoney.我必须寻找我丢失的钱。我必须寻找我丢失的钱。search s
27、omebody 搜身 The police searched the prisoner to see if he had a gun.警察搜了这个犯人的身,看他是否带枪。search someplace 搜某地 They searched every room in the house but found nothing.他们搜了这所房子的每一个房间,但什么也没找到。5.voyage,journey,tour,travel 和 tripvoyage指水陆或空中长距离的航行；journey指到某一目的地的旅行，往往指距离较远，多指陆地旅行；tour指周游，往往指绕行后又重回出发点的旅行；trav
28、el泛指旅行，多用于长途旅行；trip多指短途旅行。即时演练即时演练Fill in the blanks with voyage,journey,tour,travel or trip.1)The _ from America to France used to take two months.2)How did you enjoy your _ in Europe?3)I go to work by train,and the _ takes half an hour.4)He made a five-month _ of India and the Far East.5)He took u
29、s on a _ of his new house.voyagetraveltrip/journeytourtour6)The _ across the sea was smooth.7)She had been away on a long _.8)I dont believe well be able to afford any _.9)Will you please bring back some sugar on your next _ to the kitchen?10)_ were arranged for the foreign visitors to see the Great
30、 Wall.voyagetrip/journeytraveljourneyTours RelativeClauses(II)Grammar7.Read these sentences from the text and in pairs,work out which word introduces a relative clause and what it refers to.a.By around 900 AD,there were many places in Northern Europe where the Vikings chose to live.b.Eric reached Gr
31、eenland and discovered that people could live in the place where he landed.Part VIGrammarRelativeclauseswithwhere,whenandwhyRelative adverbs where and when can be used to give information about places and time.After the word reason,we can use why in relative clauses.1)This is the place _ I lost my p
32、urse.2)Marco Polo traveled in China,_ there were inventions and developments at that time.3)She still remembers the day _ Bill first walked into her office.4)Do you know the reason _ hes so angry with me?wherewhenwhy8.Fillintheblankswithwhere,whenandwhy.whereRelativeclauseswithprepositions+which/who
33、m Relative pronouns can be used as the objects of prepositions.Usually we use prepositions before which and whom,that is,prepositions+which/whomFor example:1)This is the book for which he is looking.2)He is the teacher with whom I discussed my project.We choose prepositions either according to the n
34、oun or pronoun it defines or to the related verb in the clause.For example:1)The train on which Im travelling is for Shanghai.2)This is the professor from whom Ive learned a lot.3)Shes doing an important project about which I know little.(on the train)(learn from)(know about)But,in everyday English,
35、it is more usual to put the preposition at the end of the clause and to leave out the relative pronoun which,whom.For example:1)The train Im travelling on is for Shanghai.=The train which/that Im travelling on is for Shanghai.2)This is the professor Ive learned a lot from.3)Shes doing an important p
36、roject I know little about.4)Have you seen the telescope I studied the skies with?=This is the professor whom/that Ive learned a lot from.=Shes doing an important project about which I know little.=Have you seen the telescope with which I studied the skies.定语从句定语从句在英语中，修饰在英语中，修饰名词或代词的句子名词或代词的句子叫定叫定语
37、从句。例：语从句。例：ThegirlwhoisbehindthetreeisKate.Thatisthebikewhichmyfatherboughtforme.先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。关系词有关系代词和关系副词。系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；关系副词有等；关系副词有where,when,why等。关等。关系词常有系词常有3个作用：个作用：1.引导定语从句。引导定语从句。2.代替先行词。代替先行词。3.在定语
38、从句中担当一个成分。在定语从句中担当一个成分。关系副词关系副词和关系代词一样，在复合句中引和关系代词一样，在复合句中引导定语从句，其作用有：导定语从句，其作用有：1)在从句中代替先行词；在从句中代替先行词；2)在句中在句中作状语作状语；3)连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带连接作用，把两个句子连接成为一个带有定语从句的有定语从句的复合句。复合句。关系副词关系副词有有三种三种：where:在从句中作在从句中作地点状语地点状语,指代地点指代地点(on/in/atwhich)when:在从句中作在从句中作时间状语时间状语,指代时间指代时间(on/inwhich)why:在从句中作在从句中作原因状语原
39、因状语,指代原因指代原因(thereasonwhy)The hotel where we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel at which we stayed wasnt clean.The hotel which we stayed at wasnt clean.The hotel(关系词略)we stayed at wasnt clean.Ill never forget the day when I joined the League.=Ill never forget the day on which I joined the League.The reaso
40、n why/for which he refused the invitation is not clear.介词介词+关系词引导定语从句关系词引导定语从句1）介词后面的关系词不能省略。）介词后面的关系词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状某些在从句中充当时间、地点或原因状语的语的“介词介词+关系词关系词”结构，可以同关系副词结构，可以同关系副词when、where和和why互换。互换。1.This is the house in which I lived two years ago.=This is the house where I l
41、ived two years ago.2.Do you remember the day on which you joined our club?=Do you remember the day when you joined our club?3.Does this road lead to the village in which the famous scientist once lived and worked?（in which=where）4.I will never forget the day on which I joined the youth league.（on wh
42、ich=when）5.Here comes the kind professor to whom we often turn for help.（turn to sb.for help）6.Who is the young woman with whom our headmaster is shaking hands?（shake hands with sb.)7.Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.9.Jointhepairsofsentencesusingrelativepronouns.1)I have five ball
43、oons.Three of them are yellow.2)David is my friend.I often play tennis with him.I have five balloons,of which three are yellow.David is my friend,with whom I often play tennis.3)He has twenty books.Only two of themare interesting.4)Mr.Johnson apologised for the mistake.We complained to him.He has tw
44、enty books,of which only two are interesting.Mr.Johnson,to whom we complained,apologised for the mistake.Mr.Johnson,whom/who we complained to,apologised for the mistake.5)The Antarctic is covered with snow and ice all year round.Men know little about it.The Antarctic,about which men know little,is c
45、overed with snow and ice all year round.The Antarctic,which men know little about,is covered with snow and ice all year round.The shop,from which we bought the air-conditioner,is not far from my house,The shop,which we bought the air-conditioner from,is not far from my house.The shop,where we bought
46、 the air-conditioner,is not far from my house,6)The shop is not far from my house.We bought the air-conditioner from it.7)Youd better tell her the name of the book.She can find information about the project there.Youd better tell her the name of the book,in which she can find information about the p
47、roject.Youd better tell her the name of the book,where he can find information about the project.8)They have just started their trip to Tibet.They prepared for it for about a month.They have just started their trip to Tibet,which they prepared for about a month.They have just started their trip to T
48、ibet,for which they prepared for about a month.AdditionalExercises1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A.Which B.where C.what D.in which2.Do you know the man _?A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke B.C.I spoke to D.that I spoke3.This is the hotel _last month.A.which they stayed B.that th
49、ey stayedC.where they stayed at D.where they stayedACD4.Do you know the year _the ChineseCommunist Party was founded?A.which B.that C.when D.on which5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.whenCAFormoreexercises,clickhere.高考链接高考链接1.(10福建24)Stephen Hawking believes 2.that
50、earth is unlikely to be the only 3.planet_ life has developed gradually.A.That B.where C.which D.whose 2.(10湖南28)Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school _ I met in the English speech contest last year.A.who B.where C.when D.whichBA3.()The days are gone _ physical strength w