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1、初一英语初一英语-介词介词-语法讲解语法讲解介词介词0101020203030404介介词的定的定义介介词的作用的作用介介词的分的分类归纳总结在在之之间什么是介词什么是介词？找出下列例句中的介词，并说出位于介词之后的词的词性。1.Look at me.()2.He goes to school by bike.()3.He is interested in drawing.()4.The book is on the desk.()代词代词名词名词 动名词动名词 介词一般用于_、_ 或者 _之前，表示该词与句中其他成分的_。名词名词名词名词代词代词动名词动名词关系关系at atbybyin i
2、nonon介介词后面的后面的动词要加要加inging。介词有什么用介词有什么用？The pen is on the book under the table.The pen is the book the table.介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间关系的词。如果没有介词，一个句子只是名词、动词等词的堆积。找出下面短找出下面短语中的介中的介词，并且，并且试着着说出是什么介出是什么介词。1.at the cinema,in the hospital _2.write with a pen,go by bus _ 3.in summer,on September 1st _4.by the w
3、ay,at last,in the end _地点介词地点介词其他介词其他介词时间介词时间介词介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配介词有哪些种类介词有哪些种类？表示时间的介词表示时间的介词in年、月、季节及年、月、季节及时间段时间段on具体具体某一天，星期、节日某一天，星期、节日at钟点钟点注意：注意：at noon 在中午在中午 at night 在夜间在夜间 in the morning 在早上在早上 on the morning of July 1st 在七月一日的早上在七月一日的早上 on a rainy day 在雨天在雨天1.at six oclock,at noon,at that ti
4、me,at half past three,at mid-night _2.on Sunday,on New Years Day,on March 21st,on my birthday _3.in three days,in a week,in a month,in May,in 1998 _4.in the morning,in the afternoon,in the evening _ 但：但：on the morning of May 1st6.in the day=in the _表示钟点用 at表示具体某一天用 on表示时间段用 in在早上/下午/傍晚 用 inday-time说
5、出下列短出下列短语中中时间介介词的用法。的用法。1.Mary is flying to France soon.She will arrive in Paris _ the morning of July 9.A.on B.in C.at2.The twins were born _ a Friday evening.A.in B.on C.at3.We travelled overnight to Paris and arrived _5 oclock _ the morning.A.on,in B.at,in C.at,on4.We finish our lessons _ 11:30 a
6、nd then have a rest _ noon.A.in,in B.at,at C.in,atin+时间段时间段 在之后(内),多用于将来时多用于将来时 after+时间段时间段 在之后,多用于过去时多用于过去时 1).Mr.Brown has gone to Canada.He will be back _ two weeks.A.for B.after C.in 2).Our manager came back _ an hour.A.in B.after C.at其他表示时间的介其他表示时间的介词词 before 在之前 by 到时为止,不迟于1).He wont come bac
7、k _ five.A.before B.after C.by2).The work must be finished _ Friday.A.at B.by C.after3).We had three meetings _ last Friday.A.in B.before C.by 其他表示时间的介其他表示时间的介词词表示地点的介表示地点的介词很多，如很多，如at,in,on,at,in,on,near,next to,in front of,before,under,behindnear,next to,in front of,before,under,behind等，其中最灵活的是等，其
8、中最灵活的是at at,in in和和onon这三个介三个介词。表示地点的介词表示地点的介词at atat at表示一个表示一个表示一个表示一个点点（或（或（或（或小地方小地方）。例如：）。例如：）。例如：）。例如：at Jianningat Jianningat Jianningat Jianningat homeat homeat homeat homeat Mr.Cools Clothes Storeat Mr.Cools Clothes Storeat Mr.Cools Clothes Storeat Mr.Cools Clothes Storein in in in表示一个表示一个表
9、示一个表示一个范围范围（或（或（或（或大地方大地方）。例如：）。例如：）。例如：）。例如：in Zhuzhou/Chinain Zhuzhou/Chinain Zhuzhou/Chinain Zhuzhou/Chinain Class 5in Class 5in Class 5in Class 5in the parkin the parkin the parkin the parkonononon表示一个表示一个表示一个表示一个平面平面。例如：。例如：。例如：。例如：on the 6th flooron the 6th flooron the 6th flooron the 6th floo
10、ron the tableon the tableon the tableon the table on the wallon the wallon the wallon the wall表示地点的介词表示地点的介词1.My uncle lives _the fifth floor.1.My uncle lives _the fifth floor.A.on B.in C.at A.on B.in C.at2.2.They arrived _ Beijing at 12:00 and They arrived _ Beijing at 12:00 and waited for a bus _
11、the station to the waited for a bus _ the station to the hotel.hotel.A.at,in B.in,on C.in,atA.at,in B.in,on C.in,at表示地点的介词表示地点的介词1.Jack is sitting 1.Jack is sitting in front of in front of John.John.2.There are some chairs 2.There are some chairs in the front of in the front of the room.the room.3.M
12、y home is 3.My home is in the middle of in the middle of the city.the city.4.There is a big supermarket 4.There is a big supermarket nearnear your house.your house.5.Look!Theres a dog 5.Look!Theres a dog besidebeside Lily.Lily.6.I never went 6.I never went insideinside the building.the building.7.We
13、 can eat 7.We can eat outsideoutside the classroom but we cant eat the classroom but we cant eat insideinside.8.8.At the back of At the back of the school is a playground.the school is a playground.在前面在前部在中间在附近在旁边在的里面在的外面在的后面其他表示地点的介其他表示地点的介词词请说出下列介出下列介词的中文意思。的中文意思。其他介词其他介词1.Could you tell me 1.Coul
14、d you tell me about about your life?your life?2.He has a friend 2.He has a friend fromfrom England.England.3.Next to the hotel is a small house 3.Next to the hotel is a small house withwith an interesting garden.an interesting garden.4.Here is a photo 4.Here is a photo ofof my family.my family.5.Let
15、 me tell you the way 5.Let me tell you the way toto my house.my house.6.6.AsAs a boy,he often went skating in winter.a boy,he often went skating in winter.7.What does he look 7.What does he look likelike?8.We have sweaters 8.We have sweaters at at a very good price only 25 dollars.a very good price
16、only 25 dollars.9.9.ForFor breakfast,he likes eggs,bananas and apples.breakfast,he likes eggs,bananas and apples.关于来自；从带有属于的向；到担任；作为像；怎么样在；以对于10.10.The temperature(The temperature(温度温度)will fall)will fall belowbelow zero at night.zero at night.11.11.There is a clock on the wall.Its There is a clock
17、on the wall.Its aboveabove the blackboard.the blackboard.12.12.There is a bridge There is a bridge overover the river.the river.13.13.There is a pen There is a pen underunder the table.the table.14.14.There is an apple There is an apple onon the table.the table.其他介词其他介词低于；在下方在上方在上空（正上空）在下面（正下方）在上面（接
18、触）above,below,over,under,on14.14.The students all went to the park The students all went to the park exceptexcept Jim,because Jim,because he was ill.he was ill.15.15.Many students have bikes Many students have bikes besidesbesides me.me.其他介词其他介词除之外除之外，还有All the students in our class went to the cine
19、ma _ Tom,All the students in our class went to the cinema _ Tom,why?why?Because he had a bad cold.Because he had a bad cold.A A.e.exceptxceptB B.besidesbesidesC C.b.besideesideA A介词的固定搭介词的固定搭配配介介词常与名常与名词、动词和形容和形容词等构成固定搭配。固定搭等构成固定搭配。固定搭配可以理解成我配可以理解成我们的成的成语或者熟或者熟语，中考考察固定搭配也常，中考考察固定搭配也常常和英常和英语中的熟中的熟语一起
20、考察。一起考察。at presentat presentin timein timelook afterlook afterbe good withbe good withbe good at be good at be good forbe good forat leastat leastat mostat mostat onceat once现在；目前及时地照顾善于应对擅长对有利至少至多立即；马上很多同学都对固定搭配深恶痛绝。固定很多同学都对固定搭配深恶痛绝。固定搭配不但多如牛毛，而且特别容易记混，所搭配不但多如牛毛，而且特别容易记混，所以考试的时候经常犯错。以考试的时候经常犯错。这里给出
21、三点建议：这里给出三点建议：1.1.固定搭配需要固定搭配需要反复记忆。2.2.固定搭配要联系相应的固定搭配要联系相应的课文记忆。记忆。3.3.经常经常归纳总结，避免记混。，避免记混。介词的固定搭配介词的固定搭配归纳归纳下面介下面介下面介下面介词词的用法：的用法：的用法：的用法：in:in:1._1._in in spring/20182._2._in in three days3._3._in in Zhuzhou4._4._Whats this in in English?5._5._She talks in in a loud voice.6._6._He is in in a black
22、 coat.归纳总结归纳总结在(时间段)在之后在(大地方)用；以用；以穿归纳总结归纳总结on:on:1._1._on on Monday2._2._on on the chairat:at:1._1._at at 21:00 p.m.2._2._at at No.2 Middle School 在（具体某天）在之上（平面）在（钟点）在（小地方）固定搭配，特殊情况特殊固定搭配，特殊情况特殊记忆。1.1.（株洲（株洲20162016）Her birthday is _ winter,the Her birthday is _ winter,the most beautiful season in
23、a year.most beautiful season in a year.A.inA.inB.atB.atC.onC.on2.2.（株洲（株洲20172017）He knew his subject _ A to Z.He knew his subject _ A to Z.A.fromA.fromB.atB.atC.onC.on3.3.（株洲（株洲20182018）All roads lead to Rome.The roads All roads lead to Rome.The roads are just _ your feet.are just _ your feet.A.und
24、erA.underB.inB.inC.onC.on中考介词怎么考？考哪些内容中考介词怎么考？考哪些内容？A AA AA A时间介词固定搭配地点介词1.1.（株洲（株洲20152015）People can see different kinds of People can see different kinds of flowers here _ May.flowers here _ May.A.atA.atB.inB.inC.onC.on2.2.（株洲（株洲20132013）The students will have a party _ The students will have a p
25、arty _ the evening of June 18th.the evening of June 18th.A.fromA.fromB.atB.atC.onC.on3.3.（株洲（株洲20122012）Its cold outside.Youd better _ Its cold outside.Youd better _ your coat.your coat.A.put onA.put onB.take offB.take offC.put awayC.put away中考介词怎么考？考哪些内容中考介词怎么考？考哪些内容？B BA AC C时间介词时间介词固定搭配1.1.Which
26、subject are you good _,English or math?Which subject are you good _,English or math?A AononB Bin inC Cat at2.2._ the afternoon of June 18,well visit the school._ the afternoon of June 18,well visit the school.A AIn InB BAtAtC COnOn3.3.He spent a large part of his money _ books.He spent a large part
27、of his money _ books.A Ain inB BononC Cforfor4.4.Your voice sounds different _ the phone.Your voice sounds different _ the phone.A Ain inB BfromfromC Conon5.5.The old lady _ a pair of glasses got on the bus.The old lady _ a pair of glasses got on the bus.A Ain inB BhavinghavingC CwithwithC CC CB BC
28、CC C6.6.There will be a party _ New Years Eve.There will be a party _ New Years Eve.A AononB Bat atC Cforfor7.7.It seems that he is always _.It seems that he is always _.A Ain hurryin hurryB Bin a hurryin a hurry C Cwith a hurrywith a hurry8.8.It was a story _ slum lifeIt was a story _ slum life（贫民窟）民窟）in Chicago.in Chicago.A Ain inB BaboutaboutC CfromfromA AB BB B结束结束