《中考英语《短文填空技巧解析》课件电子教案.ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《中考英语《短文填空技巧解析》课件电子教案.ppt（34页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、中考英语短文填空技巧中考英语短文填空技巧解析课件解析课件填空填空解题技巧解题技巧一、一、填空的特点是什么？填空的特点是什么？完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题，难易程度与初中教材相当，词数在180-250左右。文中平均每隔25个词左右设空。学生通过推理判断，综合分析等将答案填入空白处，使短文前后连贯、意思通顺、结构完整合理。1.跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。跳过空格，通读短文，了解大意。2.复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。复读短文，确定语义，判断词形。A.)利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，利用上下文的语境，结合所学过的知识，先确定空格处所需词语的意义先确定
2、空格处所需词语的意义.B.)再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句再根据空格在句子中的位置，判断其在句中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依中充当的成分，从而确定所填词的词性，再依据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确据词语搭配和语法规则，判断所填的词的正确形式。形式。3.通读短文，检查答案。通读短文，检查答案。英语短文填空解题技巧：英语短文填空解题技巧：二、填空的设空规律有哪些？二、填空的设空规律有哪些？（一）（一）从文章结构看从文章结构看1.首句通常不设空，以便考生对短文前提和背景有个较清楚的了解，从而使考生尽快熟悉语境、推测文章大意。2.短文设空平均密度为25个单词一个空。中考完形填空
3、抛弃了传统的“语法知识型”命题模式，转变成“情境能力型”的命题趋势。它的一个显著特点就是突出语篇，即重在文意的干扰，把具体的语言知识具体的语言知识融进具体的语言情境语言情境中去，考查学生通过上下文对整体文意进行把握的能力。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？二、填空的设空规律有哪些？（二）从语言层次看（二）从语言层次看考点设计对把握语段的要求在提高。我们可以把考点分为三个层次，即句子层次、句群层次和语篇层次1.句子层次的设空句子层次的设空例：例：(2007年中考英语试卷完形填空四选一保留原题号)I90youwereverybusythenhelpingyourfriendgetreadyforherwe
4、ddingIamsureitwasasuccess.A.remember B.explainC.hopeD.expect答案：答案：A指那些只需读懂设空所在句便可选出答案的题目。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？二、填空的设空规律有哪些？2.句群层次的设空句群层次的设空前制性设空前制性设空后制性设空后制性设空指根据上下文的内容，经过推理判断可以得到答案的题目即根据上文有关内容即可确定答案的题目。指那些需要根据下文内容才能选出正确答案的题目/下文某处有提示。二、填空的设空规律有哪些？二、填空的设空规律有哪些？前制性设空前制性设空例：例：ItwasanEnglishspeechcontest.Mymoth
5、eraskedmetotakepartinit.Whataterribleidea!ItmeantIhadto_infrontofalltheteachersandstudentsofmyschool!后制性设空后制性设空例：例：1).Nobody_himinthevillage.Onedayhesaidtothem,“Iknowyoudontlikeme”2).Countrymusiccomesfrom_kindsofmusic.OneisthetraditionalmusicoftallmountainpeopleintheeasternUnitedStates.Theotheristra
6、ditionalcowboymusicfromtheAmericanWest.speaklikedtwo二、填空的设空规律有哪些？二、填空的设空规律有哪些？3.语篇性设空语篇性设空 IworkasavolunteerforanorganizationthathelpsthepoorinHaiti.RecentlyItookmysonBarrettthereforaweek,hopingto1himachievedallIdexpected.Soonhewillcelebratehis18thbirthday.Hewillbeaman.(最后一句话)()1.A.comfortB.pleaseC.
7、attractD.educateD指那些需要联系全文的情境、内容才能确定正确答案的设空。考查方向考查方向:正确理解和书写英语单词正确理解和书写英语单词命题形式命题形式:短文中短文中10个空需要填上适个空需要填上适当的单词当的单词.(wu首字母或中文提示首字母或中文提示)所占比例所占比例:10空空 15 分分特别提醒特别提醒：所有的单词都必须根据上下文所有的单词都必须根据上下文来确定。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词来确定。必须注意词形的变化，包括名词的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的的单复数、动词的时态、形容词和副词的比较级（最高级）等。比较级（最高级）等。中考英语新题型中考英语新题型短文填空短
8、文填空词形的变换冠词：冠词：a/an/thea/an/the基数词基数词,序数词：序数词：1,2,31,2,3（基）（基）;第第X(X(序序)名词：名词：单复数形式单复数形式,所有格的用法所有格的用法动词：动词：时态时态 语态（主被动）的变化语态（主被动）的变化形容词、副词：形容词、副词：比较等级的用法比较等级的用法代词：代词：单复数单复数 人称代词人称代词 反身代词反身代词 指示指示代代 词词 关系代词关系代词 不定代词不定代词 等的用法等的用法连词：连词：并列与从属连词的用法并列与从属连词的用法 词形的变换名词：名词：单复数形式单复数形式,所有格的用法所有格的用法GZ is one of
9、the most beautiful _.(GZ is one of the most beautiful _.(城城市市)I met a friend of _I met a friend of _（她的）（她的）.All the _(All the _(绵羊绵羊)like to eat grass.)like to eat grass.citiesherssheep词形的变换动词：动词：时态时态 语态（主被动）的变化语态（主被动）的变化Everyone in our class _(Everyone in our class _(喜欢喜欢)watching cartoons.watchin
10、g cartoons.Ill spend as much time as I can _(Ill spend as much time as I can _(读读)these stories.these stories.Yesterday we _(prevent)from Yesterday we _(prevent)from getting to school by the heavy rain.getting to school by the heavy rain.likesreadingwere prevented语态语态主动：主动：v/be/情态动词情态动词被动：被动：be+p.p.
11、词形的变换形容词形容词 副词：副词：比较等级的用法比较等级的用法He can _(He can _(容易容易)swim across the)swim across the river.river.Because of this,your name is _loved Because of this,your name is _loved by your parents than you.by your parents than you.easilymore词形的变换代词：代词：单复数单复数 人称代词人称代词 反身代词反身代词 指示代指示代 词词 关系代词关系代词 不定代词不定代词 等的用等的
12、用法法You can throw _,kick it or hit it.You can throw _,kick it or hit it.Taking too many selfies(Taking too many selfies(自拍自拍)seems to)seems to encourage(encourage(鼓励鼓励)people to only think of)people to only think of _._.They are very good friends and they almost do They are very good friends and they
13、 almost do _ together._ together.itthemselveseverything自己自己指示代指示代 词词it 它/这/不译this(这个),these(这些)指在时间或空间上较近较近的人或者事物that(那个),those(那些)指在时间或空间上较较远远的人或者事物不定代不定代 词词连词连词1 September 10th is T_Day.2.The f _ day of the week is Sunday.3.A good b _ makes a good ending.4.When you laugh,you will o_ your mouth and
14、 your teeth.irstpeneginning5.Last Sunday，we played h_ in the park,though we were very tired.eachersappily6.He was very a with the man upstairs and began to shout，“Stop singing！”ngry10.In autumn after a strong wind,the ground is often covered with fallen l_eaves7.This book belongs to Mary.It is h_.9.
15、For years,we played other peoples songs,b_ now we play mostly our own songs.ersut8.Mrs Green said to the twins,“Help y_ to some fish please.”ourselves1.September 10th is Teachers Day.2.In autumn after a strong wind,the ground is often covered with fallen leaves.首先考虑名词的单、复数，然后注意名词所有格。首先考虑名词的单、复数，然后注意
16、名词所有格。3.We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we _(发明发明)cars and now we can move the fastest考虑动词的时态。语态变化。考虑动词的时态。语态变化。4.When you laugh,you will o_ your mouth and your teeth.inventedpenappily6.Summer is the hottest season of the year.注意形容词、副词的比较等级的变化。注意形容词、副词的比较等级的变化。5.Last Sunday，we played h_ in
17、the park,though we were very tired.8.Mrs Green said to the twins.“Help yourselves to some fish please.”此处考代词用法。此处考代词用法。7.Help yourself to some fish，Jim.9.This book belongs to Mary.It is hers.10.For years,we played other peoples songs,but now we play mostly our own songs.11.She didnt go to school yes
18、terday，because she was ill.此处考连词此处考连词 Through some efforts,rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔细）（仔细）which covered the mum.Under her body _(躺躺)her baby.The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers.He was about 3 or 4 mold.B the baby was well(保护保护)by his mothers body,he was very safe.He was sle
19、eping well when the rescuer carried him out,and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him.The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt.When he looked at the screen,a message was already there.“My dear baby,if you could l,dont forget how mI love you.”Everyone w_ saw this message burst i
20、nto tears.rescuers(救援人员救援人员)ruins 废墟废墟 carefullylayonths protected ecauseeaceful iveuch hohoneFill in each blank with the right form Through some efforts,rescuers cleaned up the ruins _（仔细）（仔细）which covered the mum.Under her body _(躺躺)her baby.The baby was in a small red quilt with yellow flowers.He
21、 was about 3 or 4 mold.B the baby was well(保护保护)by his mothers body,he was very safe.He was sleeping well when the rescuer carried him out,and his lovely and pface warmed everyone around him.The rescuer found there was a mobile p_ in the quilt.When he looked at the screen,a message was already there
22、.“My dear baby,if you could l,dont forget how mI love you.”Everyone w_ saw this message burst into tears.carefullylayonths protected ecauseeaceful iveuch hohone根据上下语境根据上下语境,判断词义判断词义:He was sleeping well确定词义后确定词义后,判断词形判断词形cleaned uprescuers(救援人员救援人员)ruins 废墟废墟 The idea of Fathers Day came from an A_l
23、ady called Dodd in 1909.She wanted a _（特别的）（特别的）day to honour her father.He (抚养抚养)six children by h after his wife died during the birth of their s_ child.Dodd thought there needed to be a day to honour great and loving dads.Her father was born on June 19.so she chose to hold the first Fathers Day c
24、elebration on his b in 1910.In 1924,US president liked the idea of a national Fathers Day.Finally,in 1966,the third Sunday in June was n _Fathers Day.There are many w to show your love and thanks.mericanixthsixUS presidentraisedimselfirthdayspecialamedays Step1 The passage is about .Step2 The meanin
25、g of each blank Step3 The right form of each word Step4 Read the passage again to check the answersHonour 纪念纪念Dear friends,Im sorry to hear that an earthquake happened to your hometown.The earthquake _(毁坏毁坏)your hometown.Lots of h_fell down and some of you cant see your families any longer.Please do
26、nt feel s_.You should believe in the Party,the government and the people in the country.You should be full of wishes b_ the Party,the government and the people are with you all the time and they take care of you.They try their b_ to solve your troubles.They give away their money and many t_to you an
27、d they _(捐献捐献)blood for you.So you should take care of y_.In the future,you should do something u_for our country to _(回报回报)for their loves.Yours,XXX destroyedouses adecauseestourselvesanswerdonatesefulhingsAll around the world,people drink tea.But tea does not All around the world,people drink tea.
28、But tea does not _(_(意味着意味着)(1)the same thing to)(1)the same thing to e e_(2).In _(2).In different countries people have very different different countries people have very different i i_(3)_(3)about drinking tea.about drinking tea.In China people always have tea _(In China people always have tea _(
29、一起）一起）(4)with(4)with their friends.They may drink tea at any time of the day.They their friends.They may drink tea at any time of the day.They only put tea leaves in their cups.They only put tea leaves in their cups.They l l_(5)the tea _(5)the tea with nothing _with nothing _（其他的）（其他的）(6)in it.(6)in
30、 it.Tea is also Tea is also i i_(7)in Japan.It is very _(7)in Japan.It is very p p_(8)_(8)there.People drink tea every day.But they have it in a way there.People drink tea every day.But they have it in a way different from that in China.different from that in China.In the USA people drink tea at bre
31、akfast or after In the USA people drink tea at breakfast or after mm_(9).They usually use tea bags to make their tea._(9).They usually use tea bags to make their tea.Making tea with bags is faster and Making tea with bags is faster and e e_(10)than _(10)than making it with tea leaves in teapots.maki
32、ng it with tea leaves in teapots.meanveryonedeastogetherikeelsemportantealsopularasier 2.26-meter-tall Yao Ming made his NBA debut(初次登台初次登台)on October 23,2002 and got 6 points for the Houston Rockets in the game.The next day,he got 13 points in a_ game.Most people think that Yao Ming is a born baske
33、tball player.But Yao said,“When you watch it on TV,it looks very easy.But when you are playing in the NBA,it is r_ not so easy.”He said that joining the Houston Rockets was a new _（开端）（开端）and a new challenge.“I hope that through very h_ work I can make everyone happy and help the Rockets w_ more gam
34、es,”he said.Yao Ming speaks some English.B_ he and his teammates can u_ each other.They dont think there is a language problem.While Yao Ming faces this new challenge,the people of Houston have shown great i_ in him，and they hope Yan Ming will bring new _(活力活力)to the Rockets.The team has started hav
35、ing lessons to learn more about China,and many people who work for the Rockets have learned to speak some C_.nother eally startard in oth nderstand nterest energyhinese Thank you!Goodbye!We sometimes call the lion“the king of the jungle”because it is stronger and more dangerous than other animals.It
36、 can r_faster than many animals and it can hunt the best.It is the highest animal in the l_food chain.In the sea,the shark is one of the animals at the top of the food chain.It can s_ faster than most other sea animals,and it can use its big _(牙齿牙齿)to eat them.What is at the top of the worlds food c
37、hain?People are!We are not the biggest or fastest,but we are the c_.We could not run faster than cheetahs,so we invented cars and now we can move the fastest.We could not c_better than lions,so we invented guns.Now we can hunt the best.Peoples inventions are clever,but they can be _(危险的危险的),too.For
38、example,people invented factories,and now they make the air and r_ dirty.This can make many changes.Dirty rivers kill fish.Then bears cannot eat the fish and the bears die.If we kill one part of the food chain,the other parts also die.Remember that we are a part of the food chain,s_ we are in danger too!If we protect animals,we are protecting _(自己自己)!We should and we could do something for the world!unandteethleverestatchdangerousiversourselveswim结束结束