《专八改错题及答案.pdf》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《专八改错题及答案.pdf（19页珍藏版）》请在taowenge.com淘文阁网|工程机械CAD图纸|机械工程制图|CAD装配图下载|SolidWorks_CaTia_CAD_UG_PROE_设计图分享下载上搜索。
1、-20122012 年年 3 3 月专八真题：改错局部月专八真题：改错局部The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally orfreelyThe argument has been going since at least the first(1)_century B.CUp to the beginning of the 19th century,many writersfavouredcertain kind of“free translation:the spirit,no
2、t the letter;the(2)_sense not the word;the message rather the form;the matter not(3)_the mannerThis is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who(4)_wanted the truth to be read and understoodThen in the turn of the 19th(5)_century,when the study of cultural anthropology suggested thatthe linguist
3、ic barriers were insuperable and that the language(6)_was entirely the product of culture,the view translation was impossible(7)_gained some currency,and with it that,if was attempted at all,it must be as(8)_literal as possibleThis view culminated the statement of the(9)_e*treme“literalists Walter B
4、enjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.The argument was theoretical:the purpose of the translation,the natureof the readership,the type of the te*t,was not discussedToo often,writer,translator and reader were implicitly identified with each otherNow,the conte*t has changed,and the basic problem remains(10)_参考
5、答案：1going 后加 on2certain 改为 a certain3rather 改为 not4is 改为 was5in 改为 at.z.-6去掉第二个 the7view 后面加 that8去掉 was9culminated 后面加 in10and 改为 but20112011 年年 3 3 月专八真题：改错局部月专八真题：改错局部From a very early age,perhaps the age of five or si*,I knew that when I grew I should bea writer.Between the ages of about sevente
6、en and twenty-four(1)I tried to abandon thisidea,but I did so with the conscience(2)that Iwas outraging my true nature and thatsoon or later I should have to(3)settle down and write books.I was the child of three,but there was a gap of five years on either side(4)and I barelysaw my father before I w
7、as eight.For this and other reasons Iwas somewhat lonely,and Isoon developed disagreeing mannerisms which(5)made me unpopular throughout myschooldays.I had the lonely childs habitof making up stories and holdingconversations with imaginative persons,and(6)I think from the very start my literalambiti
8、ons were mi*ed up with(7)the feeling of being isolated and undervalued.I knewthat I had a facility with words and a power of facing in unpleasant facts,and I felt thatthis created(8)a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failureineveryday life(9)Therefore,the volume of serious
9、i.e.seriously intended writingwhich I produced(10)all through my childhood and boyhood would not amount to half adozen pages.I wrote my first poem at the age offive,my mother taking it down todictation.z.-1.grew 后加 up2.conscience 改成 consciousness3.soon 改成 sooner4.the 和 child 之间加 middle5.disagreeing
10、改成 disagreeable6.imaginative 改成 imaginary7.literal 改成 literary8.in 去掉9.which 前加 in10.Therefore,改成 Nevertheless改错题出自：George Orwell 的Why I Write的前两段第 1 个错误出现在 grew.解析：grow 表成长，如人和动植物的成长。如果要表“长大就要用短语：grow up。2.句中 conscience 有如下的释义：1.良心，良知 2.良知 1.良心 2.第三类法庭 而consciousness 表示 1.意识到,知道.2.意识，觉悟 3.意识状态 4.清醒
11、 句子的意思是：我意识到这是在违背我的本性。3.第三句考固定搭配：sooner or later 迟早。难点：outrage 违背 做动词。4.按句子意思 作者排行老二 家里上面和下面都有个小孩 因此加上 middle.z.-5.disagreeing 为 disagree 的 ing,意思是“不同意不认同。改为：disagreeable 表 1.不合意的;不愉快的;讨厌的 2.难相处的,脾气坏的6.imaginative 改成 imaginary，解析：imaginative 表示人富有想像力的;富于想像的;有创造力的。而 imaginary 表示想像中的;虚构的;梦想的 如：an imag
12、inary friend想像中的朋友7.literal 表“文字的 改成 literary 指文学作者的文学的志向与野心8.face sth.直面*个事实.不用接介词 in9.定语从句，修饰 world，有介词要用在 which 前，不能省略10.Therefore,改成 Nevertheless 句子有转折的意思，作者说他一直沉溺在自己的心世界，然而童年时代所写的东西数目不多。而非因此，童年所写的东西不多。20102010 年年 3 3 月专八真题：改错局部月专八真题：改错局部So far as we can tell,all human languages are equally plet
13、e and perfect as instruments of munication:that is,(1)every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say(2)the things their speakerswant to say.(3)There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive peoples or cultures,butthat is another matter.Certainly,not all groups of people
14、are equally petent in nuclear physics orpsychology or the cultivation of rice or the engraving of Benares brass.(4)Whereas this is not thefault of their language.The Eskimos can(5)speak about snow with a great deal further precision and subtlety than we can inEnglish,but this is not because the Eski
15、mo language(one of those sometimes miscalled primitive)isinherently more precise and subtle than English.(6)This e*ample does not e to light a defect inEnglish,a show of une*pected primitiveness.The position is simply and obviously that(7)theEskimos and the English live in similar environments.The E
16、nglish language(8)will be just as rich interms for different kinds of snow,presumably,if the environments(9)in which English washabitually used made such distinction as important.Similarly,we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language could be as precise and subtle on thesubject of motor manuf
17、acture or cricket(10)if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos life.Forobvious historical reasons,Englishmen in the 19th century could not talk about motorcars with theminute discrimination which is possible today:cars were not a part of their culture.But they had ahost of terms for horse-drawn
18、 vehicles which send us,puzzled,to a historical dictionary when we arereading Scott or Dickens.How many of us could distinguish between a chaise,a landau,a victoria,abrougham,a coupe,a gig,a diligence,a whisky,a calash,a tilbury,a carriole,a phaeton,and aclarence1 be 后插入 as;2 their 改为 its;.z.-3 Ther
19、e 改为 It;4 Whereas 改为 But5 further 改为 more6 e 改为 bring;7 similar 改为 different;8 will 改为 would;9 as important 去掉 as 10 the part 去掉 the20092009 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes from one schoolchild to the ne*t andillustrates the further differ
20、ence(1)between school lore and nursery lore.In nursery lore a verse,learnt in early childhood,is not usually passed on again when the little listener(2)has grown up,and has children of their own,or even grandchildren.(3)The period between learning a nurseryrhyme and transmitting it may be something
21、from 20 to 70 years.(4)With the playgroundlore,therefore,a rhyme may be e*citedly passed on within the very hour(5)it is learnt;and,in thegeneral,it passes between children(6)of thesame age,or nearly so,since it is unmon for thedifference in age between playmates to be more than five years.If,theref
22、ore,a playground rhymecan be shown to have been currently for a hundred years,or(7)even just for fifty,it follows thatit has been retransmitted over and over,very possibly it has passed along a chain of two orthree(8)hundred young hearers and tellers,and the wonder is that it remains live(9)after so
23、much handling,to let alone that it bears resemblance to the(10)original wording.参考答案参考答案:(1)illustrate 改为 illustrated(与前文的 shown 保持一致)(2)the 改为 a(用不定冠词表示泛指)(3)their 改为 his(代词与前文 a little listener 在单复数上保持一致)(4)something 改为 anything(这里 anything from.to.表示大约在.之间)(5)therefore 改为 however(根据上下文逻辑关系)(6)in
24、the general 去掉 the(in general 是习惯用法)(7)currently 改为 current(这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词)(8)it has passed 改为 it has been passed(主动改为被动，与前文保持一致)(9)live 改为 alive 活泼的，仍然存在的(live 作形容词讲为“现场直播的意思)(10)to let alone 改为 let alone(let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说)20082008 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部The desire to use
25、languageas a sign of national identityis avery naturalone,(1)_and in result language has played aprominentpart in national moves.(2)_Men have often felt the need to cultivatea givenlanguage to showthat they are distinctive from anotherrace whose(3)_hegemony they resent.At the time the United States(
26、4)_split off from Britain,for e*ample,there were proposals thatindependence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a(5)_different language from those of Britain.There was even one(6)_proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew.Others favoredthe adoption of Greek,though,as one man put it,thi
27、ngs wouldcertainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English(7)_.z.-and made the British learn Greek.At the end,as everyone(8)_knows,the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactorysolution of carrying with the same language as before.(9)_Since nearly two hundred years now,they ha
28、ve shown the world(10)_that political independence and national identity can be pletewithout sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a monlanguage.参考答案:1.one 改为 thing2.result 改为 fact3.distinctive 改为 distinct4.at the time 后加 when5.by 改为 with6.those 改为 that7.on 去掉8.At 改为 In9.carrying 后加 on10.now
29、 改为 ago20072007 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部From what has been said,it must be clear that no one canmake very positive statements about how language originated.There is no material in any language today and in the earliest(1)andorrecords of ancient languages show us language in a new and(2)sh
30、owshowingemerging state.It is often said,of course,that the language (3)theoriginated in cries of anger,fear,pain and pleasure,and the(4)andbutnecessary evidence is entirely lacking:there are no remotetribes,no ancient records,providing evidence ofa language with a large proportion of such cries(5)l
31、argelagerthan we find in English.It is true that the absenceof such evidence does not disprove the theory,but in(6)inonother grounds too the theory is not very attractive.People of all races and languages make rather similarnoises in return to pain or pleasure.The fact that(7)returnresponsesuch nois
32、es are similar on the lips of Frenchmenand Malaysians whose languages are utterly different,serves to emphasize on the fundamental difference8onbetween these noises and language proper.We maysay that the cries of pain or chortles of amusementare largely refle*actions,instinctive tolarge e*tent,(9)aw
33、hereas language proper does not consist of signsbut of these that have to be learnt and that are(10)thesethose20062006 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部.z.-We use language primarily as a means of munication withother human beings.Each of us shares with the munity in which welive a store of words a
34、nd meanings as well as agreeing conventions as(1)to the way in which words should be arranged to convey a particular(2)message:the English speaker has iii his disposal at vocabulary and a(3)set of grammatical rules which enables him to municate his(4)thoughts and feelings,ill a variety of styles,to
35、the other English(5)speakers.His vocabulary,in particular,both that which he uses active-y and that which he recognises,increases ill size as he growsold as a result of education and e*perience.(6)But,whether the language store is relatively small or large,the systemremains no more,than a psychologi
36、cal reality for tike inpidual,unlesshe has a means of e*pressing it in terms able to be seen by another(7)member of his linguistic munity;he bas to give tile system aconcrete transmission form.We take it for granted rice two most(8)mon forms of transmission-by means of sounds produced by ourvocal or
37、gans(speech)or by visual signs(writing).And these are(9)among most striking of human achievements.(10)1.agreeing-agreed2.words-these/those words3.in the disposal-at the disposal4.enables-enable.z.-5.delete“the before“other English speakers6.old-older7.seen-perceived,understood,prehended8.delete“it b
38、efore“for granted9.And-Yet;However10.most-the most striking20052005 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部The University as BusinessA number of colleges and universities announced steeptuition increases for ne*t yearmuch steeper than the current,very low,rate of inflation.They say the increases are nee
39、dedbecause of a loss in value of university endowments heavily investingS1_in mon stock.I am skeptical.A business firm chooses the pricethat ma*imizes its net revenues,irrespective fluctuations in ine:S2_and increasingly tile outlook of universities in the UnitedStates is indistinguishable from thos
40、e of business firms.The rise inS3_tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty increases theS4_demand for education.The biggest cost of being in the school is foregoingS5_ine from a job(this is primarily a factor in graduateandprofessionalschooltuition):thepooronesjobprospects,themoreS6_sense
41、it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,in order to make oneself more remarkable.The way which universities make themselves attractive toS7_students include soft majors,student evaluations of teachers,givingstudents a governance role,and eliminate required courses.Sky-highS8_tui
42、tions have caused universities to regard their students ascustomers.Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten theS9_rigors of petition,universities collude to minimize the cost tothem of the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumnidenotations,so the best athletes now often b
43、ypass higher education inorder to obtain salaries earlier from professional teams.And until.z.-they were stopped by the antitrust authorities,the Ivy leagueschools collude to limit petition for the best students,byagreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit rather thanpurely of needjust
44、 like business firms agreeing not to givediscounts on their best customers.S10_invested/irrespective of/thosethat/fact that/in the school/poorpoorer/in which/eliminating/shorten-lessen/on-to2004 改错One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U.S Congressis the power to investigate.This
45、 power is usually delegated to mittees-eitherstanding mittees,special mittees set for a specific(1)_Investigations are held to gather information on the need forpurpose,or joint mittees consisted of members of both houses.(2)_future legislation,to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,to inq
46、uire into the qualifications and performance of members andgroundwork for impeachment proceedings.Frequently,mitteesofficials of the other branches,and in rare occasions,to lay the (3)_rely outside e*perts to assist in conducting investigative hearings (4)_and to make out detailed studies of issues.
47、(5)_There are important corollaries to the investigative power.Oneis the power to publicize investigations and its results.Most (6)_mittee hearings are open to public and are reported (7)_widely in the mass media.Congressional investigationsnevertheless represent one important tool available to lawm
48、akers (8)_to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.(9)_ Congressional mittees also have the power to peltestimony from unwilling witnesses,and to cite for contemptof Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury ofthese who give false testimony.(10)_1.,在 s
49、et 后加 up,set up“建立、成立是固定短语2.答案：consisted consisting/posed3.答案：in on【详细解答】固定搭配 on.occasions4.答案：rely rely on【详细解答】固定搭配 rely on sb.to do something5.答案：make out make【详细解答】make out 意思是“识别出，而此处意思是“对.做详细的研究，故用“make detailedstudies of.即可。6.答案：its their【详细解答】此处指代的是“investigations,故用复数。7.答案：public the public
50、【详细解答】the+adj.可表示*一类人，此处意思是“面向公众，故应用“the public。8.答案：nevertheless therefore/thus.z.-【详细解答】此处不是表示意思的转折，而是与前文构成因果关系，故可改为 therefore 或 thus。9.答案：interests interest【详细解答】此处看成不可数名词为佳10.答案：these those【详细解答】those 指代 witnesses,即指代名词复数做定语从句的先行词，而 these 不行20032003 年年 3 3 月专八真题参考答案：改错局部月专八真题参考答案：改错局部Demographic