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1、欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 2016 年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语(二 )Section I Use of English Directions:Read the following text.Choose the best word(s)for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)Happy people work differently.They re more productive,mor
2、e creative,and willing to take greater risks.And new research suggests that happiness might influence_1_firm s work,too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more,according to a recent research paper.2,firms in happy places spend more on R&D(research and development).That because ha
3、ppiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investments for the future.The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested.So they compared U.S.cities average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the
4、 investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas.7 enough,firms investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were 8.But is it really happiness that linkeds to investment,or could something else about happier cities 9 why firms there spend more
5、 on R&D?To find out,the researchers controlled for various 10 that might make firms more likely to invest like size,industry,and sales and for indicators that a place was 11 to live in,like growth in wages or population.The link between happiness and investment generally 12 even after accounting for
6、 these things.The correlation between happinessand investment was particularly strong for younger firms,which the authors 13 to“less codifieddecision making process”and the possible presence of“youngerand less 14 managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was15 stro
7、nger in places where happiness was spread more 16.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy,rather than in places with happiness inequality.17 this doesn t prove that happiness causes firms to invest more or to take a-longerterm view,the authors believe it at least 1
8、8 at that possibility.It s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help 19 how executives think about the future.“Itsurely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and 20 R&D more than the average,aid”ones researcher.1.A why B how C where D whe
9、n 2.AIn conclusion B In return C In particular D In contrast 3.A necessary B famous C perfect Dsufficient 4.A individualism B realism C optimism D modernism 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 5.A miss B echo C spoil D change 英语（二）试题.1.（共 14 页）欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删
10、除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 6.A imagined B measured C assumed D invented 7.A Sure B Odd C Unfortunate D Often 8.A headquartered B divided C advertised D overtaxed 9.A summarize B overstate C explain D emphasize 10.A factors B stages C levels D methods 11.A desirable B sociable C reputable D reli
11、able 12.A resumed B emerged C held D broke 13.A assign B attribute C transfer Dcompare 14.A serious B civilized C ambitious Dexperienced 15.A instead B thus C also D never 16.A rapidly B directly C regularly D equally 17.A While B Until C After D Since 18.A arrives B jumps C hints D strikes 19.A sha
12、re B rediscover C simplify D shape 20.A pray for B lean towards C give away D send out Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions:Read the following four texts.Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1 It s true that high-
13、school coding classes aren t essential for learning computer science in college.Students without experience can catch up after a few introductory courses,said Tom Cortina,the assistant dean at Carnegie Mellon s School of Computer Science.However,Cortina said,early exposure is beneficial.When younger
14、 kids learn computer science,they learn that it confusing,notjusta endless string of letters and numbers-but a tool to build apps,or create artwork,or test hypotheses.It s not as hard for them to their thought processesas it is for older students.Breaking down problems into bite-sized chunks and usi
15、ng code to solve them becomes normal.Giving more children this training could increase the number of people interested in the field and help fill the jobs gap,Cortina said.Students also benefit from learning something about coding before they get to college,where introductory computer-science classe
16、s are packed to the brim,which can drive the less-experienced or-determined students away.The Flatiron School,where people pay to learn programming,started as one of the many coding boot camps that becomes popular for adults looking for a career change.The high-schoolers get the same curriculum,but“
17、wetry to gear lessons toward things they re interested in,”said Victoria Friedman,an instructor.For instance,one of the apps the students are developing suggests movies based on your mood.The students in the Flatiron class probably won t drop out of high school and build the next Facebook.Programmin
18、g languages have a quick turnover,so the“Rubyon Rails”language they learned may not even be relevant by the time they enter the job market.But the 英语（二）试题.2.（共 14 页）欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 skills they learn-how to think logically through a problem and organize t
19、he results-apply to any coding language,said Deborah Seehorn,an education consultant for the state of North Carolina.Indeed,the Flatiron students might not go into IT at all.But creating a future army of coders is not the sole purpose of the classes.These kids are going to be surrounded by computers
20、-in their pockets,in their offices,in their homes-for the rest of their lives.The younger they learn how computers think,how to coax the machine into producing what they want-the earlier they learn that they have the power to do that-the better.21.Cortina holds that early exposure to computer scienc
21、e makes it easier to_.A complete future job training B remodel the way of thinking C formulate logical hypotheses D perfect artwork production 22.In delivering lessons for high-schoolers,Flatiron has considered their_.A experience B interest C career prospects D academic backgrounds 23.Deborah Seeho
22、rn believes that the skills learned at Flatiron will_.A help students learn other computer languages B have to be upgraded when new technologies come C need improving when students look for jobs D enable students to make big quick money 24.According to the last paragraph,Flatiron students are expect
23、ed to_.A bring forth innovative computer technologies B stay longer in the information technology industry C become better prepared for the digitalized world D compete with a future army of programmers 25.The word “coax”(Line4,Para.6)is closest in meaning to_.A persuade B frighten C misguide D chall
24、enge Text 2 Biologists estimate that as many as 2 million lesser prairie chickens-a kind of bird living on stretching grasslands once lent red to the often gray landscape of the midwestern and southwestern United States.But just some 22,000 birds remain today,occupying about 16%of the species histor
25、ic range.英语（二）试题.3.（共 14 页）欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 The crash was a major reason the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service(USFWS)decided to formally list the bird as threatened.“Thelesser prairie chicken is in a desperatesituation,”said USFWS Director Daniel Ashe.Some en
26、vironmentalists,however,were disappointed.They had pushed the agency to designate the bird as “endangered,”a status that gives f officials greater regulatory power to crack down on threats.But Ashe and others argued that the“threatenedtag”gave the federal government flexibility to try out new,potent
27、ially less confrontational conservations approaches.In particular,they called for forging closer collaborations with western state governments,which are often uneasy with federal action and with the private landowners who control an estimated 95%of the prairie chicken s ha Under the plan,for example
28、,the agency said it would not prosecute landowner or businessesthat unintentionally kill,harm,or disturb the bird,as long as they had signed a range wide management plan to restore prairie chicken habitat.Negotiated by USFWS and the states,the plan requires individuals and businessesthat damage habi
29、tat as part of their operations to pay into a fund to replace every acre destroyed with 2 new acres of suitable habitat.The fund will also be used to compensate landowners who set aside habitat,USFWS also set an interim goal of restoring prairie chicken populations to an annual average of 67,000 bir
30、ds over the next 10 years.And it gives the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies(WAFWA),a coalition of state agencies,the job of monitoring progress.Overall,the idea is to let“states”remain in the driver s seat for，managing”Ashe thesaidspecies.Not everyone buys the win-win rhetoric Some
31、Congress members are trying to block the plan,and at least a dozen industry groups,four states,and three environmental groups are challenging it in federal court Not surprisingly,doesn got far enough“Thefederal government is giving responsibility for managing the bird to the same industries that are
32、 pushing it to extinction,”says biologist Jay Lininger.26.The major reason for listing the lesser prairie as threatened is_ Aits drastically decreased population Bthe underestimate of the grassland acreage Ca desperate appeal from some biologists Dthe insistence of private landowners 27.The“threaten
33、ed ”tag disappointed some environmentalists in that it_ Awas a give-in to governmental pressure Bwould involve fewer agencies in action Cgranted less federal regulatory power Dwent against conservation policies 28.It can be learned from Paragraph3 that unintentional harm-doers will not be prosecuted
34、 if they_ Aagree to pay a sum for compensation Bvolunteer to set up an equally big habitat Coffer to support the WAFWA monitoring job Dpromise to raise funds for USFWS operations 欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 英语（二）试题.4.（共 14 页）欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供
35、优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 29.According to Ashe,the leading role in managing the species in_ Athe federal government Bthe wildlife agencies Cthe landowners Dthe states 30.Jay Lininger would most likely support_ Aindustry groups Bthe win-win rhetoric Cenvironmental groups Dthe plan under challenge Text 3 T
36、hat everyone toos busy these days is a clich.But one specific complaint is made especially mournfully：There s never any time to read.What makes the problem thornier is that the usual time-managementtechniques dont seem sufficient.The web s full of articles offering tips on making time to read:or “Ca
37、rry a book with you at all times ”But in my experience,using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn t work.Sit down to read and the flywheel of-relatedwork thoughts keeps spinning-or else you re so exhausteda thatchallenging book s the last thing you need.The modern mind,Tim Parks,a noveli
38、st and critic,writes,“isoverwhelmingly inclined toward communication Itis not simply that one is interrupted;it is that one is actually inclined to interruption reading”.Deeprequires not just time,but a special kind of time which can t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.In fact,“becoming
39、more efficient”is part of the problem.Thinking of time as a resource to be maximised means you approach it instrumentally,judging any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading,by contrast,depends on being willing to risk inefficiency,goalles
40、sness,even time-wasting.Try to slot it as a to-do list item and y ou ll manage only goal-focused reading-useful,sometimes,but not the most fulfilling kind.“Thefuture comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,”writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time,and
41、a“pressure to fill these different-sized bottles(days,hours,minutes)as they pass,for if they get by without being filled,we will have wasted them-set”.couldNomindbe worse for losing yourself in a book.So what does work?Perhaps surprisingly,scheduling regular times for reading.You d think this might
42、fuel the efficiency mind-set,but in fact,Eberle notes,such ritualistic behaviour helps us“step outside time s flow ”into“soul time ”.You could limit distr reading only physical books,or on single-purpose e-readers.“Carrya book with you at all times”can actually work,too-providing you dip in often en
43、ough,so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business,before dropping back down.On a r eally good day,it no longer feels as if you re “making time to read,just reading,and making time for everything else.欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质
44、的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 31.The usual time-management techniques don t work because_.英语（二）试题.5.（共 14 页）欢迎您阅读并下载本文档，本文档来源于互联网，如有侵权请联系删除！我们将竭诚为您提供优质的文档！WORD 格式 专业资料整理 A what they can offer does not ease the modern mind B what challenging books demand is repetitive reading C what people often forget is carry
45、ing a book with them D what deep reading requires cannot be guaranteed 32.The “empty bottles ”metaphor illustrates that people feel a pressure to_.A update their to-do lists B make passing time fulfilling C carry their plans through D pursue carefree reading 33.Eberle would agree that scheduling reg
46、ular times for reading helps_.A encourage the efficiency mind-set B develop online reading habits C promote ritualistic reading D achieve immersive reading 34.“Carry a book with you at all times”can work if_.A reading becomes your primary business of the day B all the daily business has been promptl
47、y dealt with C you are able to drop back to business after reading D time can be evenly split for reading and business 35.The best title for this text could be_.A How to Enjoy Easy Reading B How to Find Time to Read C How to Set Reading Goals D How to Read Extensively Text 4 Against a backdrop of dr
48、astic changes in economy and population structure,younger Americans are drawing a new 21st-century road map to success,a latest poll has found.Across generational lines,Americans continue to prize many of the same traditional milestones of a successful life,including getting married,having children,
49、owning a home,and retiring in their sixties.But while young and old mostly agree on what constitutes the finish line of a fulfilling life,they offer strikingly different paths for reaching it.Young people who are still getting started in life were more likely than older adults to prioritize personal
50、 fulfillment in their work,to believe they will advance their careers most by regularly changing jobs,to favor communities with more public services and a faster pace of life,to agree that couples should be financially secure before getting married or having children,and to maintain that children ar