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1、中医常用词汇 01中医常用词汇中医常用词汇Terms Commonly Used inTerms Commonly Used inTCMTCM中国医药学Traditional Chinese Medicine中医基础理论Basic theory of traditionalChinese medicine临床经验clinical experience辨证论治treatment based on syndromedifferentiation本草materia medica,herbs中药Chinese materia medica,Chinese medicinalherbs四气五味four
2、properties and five tastes针灸acupuncture and moxibustion,acumox各家学说theories of different schools汗法diaphoresis,sweating therapy下法purgative therapy,purgation吐法emetic therapy,vomiting therapy治未病prevention of disease脏腑zang-organs and fu-organs,viscera功能活动functional activities形神统一unity of the body and spi
3、rit阴阳失调imbalance of yin and yang条达舒畅free development延年益寿prolonging life,promising longevity养生防病cultivating health to prevent disease正气healthy qi,vital qi病邪pathogenic factor整体观念concept of holism疾病的本质与现象nature and manifestations ofdisease补土派school of invigorating the earth阴阳的相对平衡relative balance betwe
4、en yin andyang病因学说etiology疾病的发生与发展occurrence and development ofdisease养生health-cultivation,同病异治treating the same disease with differenttherapies医疗实践medical practice异病同治treating different diseases with the sametherapy治疗原则therapeutic principles五脏five zang-organs,five zang-viscera寒凉药物herbs of cold and
5、cool nature,cold-natured herbs滋阴降火nourishing yin to lower/reduce fire滋水涵木enriching water to nourish wood瘀血致泻disease caused by blood stasis先天之精congenital essence形与神俱inseparability of the body and spirit开胃promoting appetite脉象pulse conditions,pulse pattern邪正关系states of pathogenic factors andhealthy qi发
6、热恶寒fever and aversion to cold头身疼痛headache and body pain久痢脱肛proctoptosis due to prolongeddysentery养阴清热nourishing yin and clearing away heat清肺热clear away lung-heat六腑six fu-organs,six fu-viscera经络系统经络系统system of meridians and collateralssystem of meridians and collaterals余热未尽incomplete abatement of hea
7、t有机整体organic wholeness/integrity表里关系exterior and interior relation开窍opening into自然现象natural phenomena哲学概念philosophical concept对立统一unity of opposites相互消长mutual waning and waxing相互转化mutual transformation阴阳属性nature of yin and yang相互联系interrelation相互制约mutual restraint,mutualrestriction/interaction湿邪犯肺pa
8、thogenic dampness invading thelung清热泻火clearing away heat and reducing fire腠理muscular interstices,striae,interstitialspace水湿停滞retention of water and dampness,water retention癃闭retention of urine气血运行circulation/flow of qi and blood动态平衡dynamic equilibrium阴平阳秘yin and yang in equilibrium阴阳的互根互用interdepend
9、ence of yin and yang相互依存interdependence阴阳离绝separation of yin and yang相反相成opposite and supplementary to each阴阳转化transformation between yin and yang阳消阴长yang waning and yin waxing阴胜则阳病predominance of yin leading todisorder of yang阴胜则阳病an excess of yin leads to deficiencyof yang阳胜则热predominance of yang
10、generatingheat寒极生热extreme cold generating heat热极生寒extreme heat generating cold阳损及阴impairment of yang involving yin阴液不足insufficiency of yin-fluid生理功能physiological functions病理变化pathological changes临床诊断clinical diagnosis阳胜生外热exuberance of yang leading to exteriorheat阳中求阴obtaining yang from yin绝对偏盛absol
11、ute predominance阳虚则寒yang deficiency leading to cold阴阳俱损simultaneous consumption of yin and yang阴阳两虚simultaneous deficiency of both yin andyang病机总纲general principle of pathogenesis病机pathomechanism,pathological mechanism阴阳胜复alternative predominance of yin andyang虚寒证deficiency-cold syndrome扶阳退阴strength
12、ening yang to reduce yin祛风散寒expelling/eliminating wind todispersing cold消导积滞promoting digestion and removingfood retention潜阳熄风suppressing yang to quench wind阳虚发热fever due to yang deficiency阴阳自和natural harmony between yin and yang木乘土the wood over-restrains the earth木火刑金wood-fire impairs the metal金水相生
13、generation between the metal and water生克制化interrelationship between generation andrestriction制则生化restriction ensuring generation母病及子disease of the mother-organ affecting thechild-organ五行学说theory of five elements传变transmission of disease,progress of disease运动变化motion and variation子病犯母disease of the c
14、hild-organ affecting themother-organ正邪相争struggle/combat between healthy qiand pathogenic factors相生相克mutual generation and restriction生我，我生to be generated and to generate肝肾精血不足insufficiency of liver and kidneyessence and blood肝阳上亢hyperactivity of liver yang心肝血虚asthenia/deficiency of heart and liverbl
15、ood克我，我克to be restricted and to restrict生中有制restriction within generation克中有生generation within restriction木曰曲直wood is characterized by growingfreely and peripherally火曰炎上fire is characterized by flaming up心肝火旺exuberance of heart and liver fire心火亢盛hyperactivity/exuberance of heart fire滋肾养肝nourishing t
16、he kidney and liver方位配五行correspondence of the directions to thefive elements温肾健脾warming the kidney and strengthening thespleen土爰稼穑earth is characterized by cultivationand reaping金曰从革metal is characterized by change病缓起gradual onset of disease肾阳式 of kidney yang脾阳不振inactivation of spleen yang脾胃虚弱hypofu
17、nction/weakness of the spleen andstomach肝阴不足insufficiency of liver yin相乘相侮over-restriction and reverserestriction水湿停聚retention of water-dampness肾阴不足insufficiency of kidney yin心肾不交disharmony between the heart andkidney地道不通menopause平肝和胃soothing the liver and harmonizing thestomach水火不济discordance betwe
18、en water and fire藏象学说theory of visceral manifestations奇恒之腑extraordinary fu-organs宣通水道dredging water passage通调水道dredging and regulating waterpassage行气利水activating qi to excrete water水液停滞retention of fluid后天之本postnatal/acquired base of life调畅气机regulating qi activity肝气上逆upward flow of liver qi水曰润下water
19、 is characterized by moisteningand downward flowing脾主运化the spleen governing transportationand transformation肝气郁结stagnation of liver qi胆虚证gallbladder deficiency syndrome腐熟水谷digesting food食欲不振poor appetite脘腹胀闷epigastric distension and depression水谷精 nutrients,essence of water and food传化水谷transmission a
20、nd transformation of food贮藏精气storage of essence治疗效果curative/therapeutic effect藏而不泻storage without excretion泻而不藏excretion without storage表热里寒exterior heat and interior cold肝旺脾虚hyperfunction of the liver and weakness ofthe spleen大肉陷下obvious emaciation and muscular atrophy,extreme emaciation面色红润ruddy c
21、omplexion,rosy cheeks胆虚不得眠insomnia due to gallbladder asthenia导便法laxation跌打损伤traumatic injury动静结合integration of motion andquietness/stillness嗳气酸腐eructation with fetid odor泌别清浊separating the clear from the turbid食物残渣residue of food大肠主传导the large intestine governingtransmission and transportation癃闭dys
22、uria,retention of urine,anuria anddysuria面黄肌瘦emaciation with sallow complexion定喘relieving asthma心主血脉the heart controlling blood and vessels心气充沛abundance of heart qi防御外邪入侵preventing the invasion of exogenouspathogenic factor血液充盈plenty of blood脉道不利unsmoothness of vessels止珠偏斜strabismus,squint,ocular de
23、viation调节水液regulation of water排泄糟粕excretion of waste material髓海不足insufficiency of marrow-sea精神委靡dispiritedness,listlessness,lowerspirit月经不调irregular menstruation冲任不固weakness of thoroughfare andconception vessels经期延长prolonged menstruation小肠实热sthenia-heat in the small intestine气机调畅smooth activity of q
24、i面色无华lusterless complexion脉象细弱thin and weak pulse面色萎黄sallow complexion汗血同源sweat and blood sharing the same origin升降出入ascending,descending,coming in andgoing out气为血帅qi serves as the commander of the blood气血凝滞stagnation of qi and blood血瘀blood stasis气滞腰痛lumbago due to qi stagnation气虚滑胎habitual abortion due to qi asthenia