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1、2021 年 12 月大学英语四级考试真题答案与详解(第 3 套)Part Writing这是一篇四级考试中常见的议论文.话题围绕“Never go out there to see whathappens，go out there to make things happen.”这句话展开，要求考生进行评论，同时在题目要求中也明确给出了作文主题 the importance of being participants ratherthan mere onlookers in life.考生应该明确这一主题，并围绕其展开论述.一、点明主题：不做看客，要做实践者(being participant
2、s instead of onlookers in life)二、分析原因三、提出问题和建议主题词汇putinto practice 将付诸实践carry out 执行；实现gain 获得accumulate 积累gradually 逐渐地make a progress 取得进步theory 理论action 行动would ratherthan 比起更情愿stand by 袖手旁观句式拓展1.For some people,watching what happens to others is good enough to learn a lesson,while for others,onl
3、y practicing by themselves can finally make them get the realskills in对一些人而言，看发生在别人身上的事情足以让他们吸取教训，而对于其他人而言，他们只有亲身实践才能最终得到生活中的真正技能.2.No matter how many authentic theories youve got before,nothing will happen until you put them into practice.无论你曾经接受了多少权威的理论，若不付诸实践，一切都无济于事.Part Listening ComprehensionM
4、:I dont know what to do with Timmy.This morning I found orange juice spilled allover the kitchen floor.W:Dont be so hard on him.Hes only four.Q:What does the woman mean?C.四个选项中出现了 children，careful，juice 和 Timmy 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与孩子的行为相关.对话中，男士抱怨说他都不知道该拿蒂米怎么办了，今天早上，他发现桔子汁在厨房洒了一地，而女士则说，别对蒂米太严厉了，他才四岁.由此可见，
5、女士认为男士不用小题大做，故答案为 C.2.W:Excuse me,sir.I would like to know about the fitness training program in yourclub.M:Ill have you speak with the director in charge of new accounts.Q:What is the woman interested in?A.四个选项均为名词短语，且出现了 fitness，job，computer 和 club等词，故推测本题考查的内容与健身或者工作相关.对话中，女士向男士询问俱乐部健身锻炼的事情，男士则说他
6、会带着女士去找专门负责新会员的经理.由此可知，女士是对俱乐部健身锻炼感兴趣，故答案为 A.3.W:Its really cold in this apartment.Can we turn up the heat a little bit?M:Sorry.Ive run out of money and can hardly pay the fuel bill.Maybe youd betterput on a sweater.Q:what does the man mean?B.四个选项中出现了 sweater，save，fuel bills 和 heating 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与
7、寒冷天气以及取暖相关.对话中，女士说她觉得很冷，问能不能把暖气开大一点，而男士则表示抱歉，说自己没钱了，都快付不起燃料费账单了，建议女士穿上毛衣.由此可知，男士想要节省燃料费，故答案为 B.4.M:Im sorry,Miss.But you have to come with me to the security office.The videocameras in our shop have recorded everything you did.W:No,no.I.I didnt do anything.Ill call the police if you dare insult me.Q
8、:What does the man think the woman was doing?A.四个选项均为动名词短语，且出现了 theft，pictures，shopping 和camera 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与商店里发生的事情相关.对话中，男士要将女士带到保安室去，并说商店里的摄像头已经把女士所做的事都录下来了，而女士则表示自己什么都没有做，如果男士敢侮辱她的话，她就报警.由此可知，男士认为女士偷了商店里的东西，故答案为 A.5.M:I think you ought to see a doctor right away about that cough.W:Well,Ill wai
9、t a few more days.Im sure Ill get over it soon.Q:What do we learn about the woman?B.选项均以 she 开头，且出现了 medicine，doctor 和 cough 等词，故推测本题考查的内容与女士的健康状况相关.男士说女士应该马上去看医生，而女士则说再等几天，她相信自己的咳嗽很快就会好的.由此可知，直到本对话发生时，女士都还没有去看医生，故答案为 B.6.M:Ive heard that Pamela made quite a few mistakes in her lab report.W:Well,she
10、 wouldnt have if she hadnt been in such a hunt to get it done.Q:What does the woman imply?D.四个选项均提到了Pamela，且出现了report，hurry，writing和mistakes等词，故推测本题考查的内容与帕米拉的报告相关.对话中，男士说他听说帕米拉的实验报告出了很多错，而女士则说，如果她不是那么急着做完的话，就不会出这么多的错.由此可知，帕米拉实验报告中的错误本来是可以避免的，故答案为 D.7.M:Wed better check out before 12 oclock,Marry.And
11、 now there are only 30minutes left.W:Lets hurry up.You go pay the bill and Ill call the reception to have our luggagetaken downstairs.Q:Where did this conversation most probably take place?C.四个选项均是表示地点的介词短语，故推测本题考查的内容与对话发生的地点相关.对话中，男士说他们最好能在中午 l2 点之前退房，现在只剩半小时了，女士建议加快速度，并让男士去付账，她自己给前台打电话，叫人把行李送到楼下.由
12、此可知，对话发生的时候，两人还没有开始办理退房手续，还在宾馆的房间里，故答案为 C.8.W:Have you ever heard this speaker before?Q:what does the man say about the speaker?D.四个选项均以 she 开头，且出现了 college，works，speech 和 message等词，可以推测本题考查的内容与女士的情况相关.对话中，女士问男士以前是否听过这个演讲者的讲座，男士说他听过，并认为这位演讲的女士很棒，她不仅将自己的观点表达得很清楚，而且讲得很有趣.由此可知，这位女演讲者擅长传达自己想要传达的信息，故答案为
13、D.Conversation OneM:(8)What should I do about Mr.Romero?Remember?He said it was important andcouldnt wait.I think he may want you for that new movie hes directing.W:Thats absolutely correct.(9)Now,we have to fit him in somewhere.Uh.whatdoes Monday morning look like?M:That doesnt look so good.You hav
14、e a make-up session starting at 6:00,thenfilming starts at 8:00,and thats going to take the whole morning.W:Well,whats after that?M:(10)You have lunch with your agent to discuss the awards ceremony and youllhave to meet him at one oclock at the restaurant.M:Well,now,dont forget you got a three-ocloc
15、k appointment with your fashiondesigner.W:Thats right.You know hes showing the latest fashions from Japan?You know thatloose-fitting look?Those clothes are so in this year.M:At 4:30 you have an appointment with your hairdresser.Then at 7:00,you havedinner with a journalist.Now remember,be nice to th
16、at guy.W:Do I have to?That wontbe easy and its likely to run late.How does Tuesdaylook?M:Well,you have to spend the whole morning at the photographers.They are takingphotos to publicize your new movie.W:What about the afternoon?Am I free then?M:Let me see.Yes,you are free after 3:30.W:Then you can s
17、et up a meeting with Mr.Romero at 4:00.M:OK.(11)Ill get on it right away.预览三道题各选项，其中出现了 the womans appointment，her travel，awards ceremony 和 make-up session 等词，因此推测对话内容可能与女士的工作安排相关.9.What are the speakers doing?A.对话开头男士说罗梅罗先生急着见女士，可能是想让女士出演他导演的新电影，女士说一定得把他安排进来.由此可以推断，对话中的两人正在安排女士的时间，好让她能够与罗梅罗先生见面，故答案
18、为 A.10.What is the woman going to discuss with her agent over lunch on Monday?B.对话中，男士告诉女士她周一需要和自己的经纪人吃午饭，讨论一下关于颁奖仪式的事情，故答案为 B.11.What do we learn from the conversation about the man?C.对话中，男士和女士一起讨论女士的日程安排，从第一句罗梅罗先生想要让女士出演他导演的新电影可知，女士是位电影演员，而男士对女士的日程安排非常了解，并且由最后一句可知，男士服从女士的安排.综合这些内容可以推断出，男士是女士的助理，故答
19、案为 C.Conversation TwoM:Im phoning up about this job you advertised in the paper.This.er.young salesmanager?W:Oh,yes.M:Id like to apply for it.Would you send me an application form?W:(12)No.You simply send in a written application,a letter.M:Can you tell me a bit more about the job?W:(13)Well,we are
20、very looking for someone who isnt too concerned aboutworking fairly long hours.M:What do you mean by long hours?W:(13)This is a job which does,as the advertisement says,have travel possibilities,and very often,one would be away at weekends,for instance.M:Oh.What kind of money are you paying then?W:(
21、15)Well,this is to be negotiated.Uh,it depends partly on your experience andeducation.Perhaps you can tell me briefly what that is?M:Ive just left school and got A level in geography.W:Oh,I see.M:(14)And its the travel that appeals to me.Thats why Im inquiring about the job.W:Yes,I see.What sort of
22、a salary were you thinking in terms of?M:Starting off,I thought it would be something like 500 a week?W:Well,send in a written application and then well consider your case along with allthe other applicants.M:All right.Many thanks.Goodbye.W:Bye.预览四道题各选项，其中出现了 interview，application，experienced，pay 和
23、working hours 等词，由此推测对话可能与工作求职相关.12.What does the woman say an applicant should do first to apply for the job?B.对话开头，男士表示他对女士公司销售经理的职位感兴趣，请女士给她发一份申请表，而女士则让男士直接寄一封书面的求职申请信.因此，如果男士想要申请这份工作，他首先应该做的就是寄一份书面申请信，故答案为 B.13.What kind of a person is the company looking for?D.对话中女士明确说，他们需要能够长时间工作的员工，而当男士要求她再进一
24、步解释的时候，她说这份工作经常需要在周末出差.由此可知，这份工作需要能够在非正常工作时间加班，故答案为 D.14.What does the man like most about the job?A.对话中，男士明确表示职位广告中出差这一要求吸引了他，这也正是他想要得到这份工作的原因，故答案为 A.15.What does the woman say about the salary if the man is accepted by the company?D.对话中男士问到了薪水问题，而女士回答说这还有待讨论，部分取决于男士的工作经历以及教育背景.由此可以推断，即使男士得到了这一职位，他
25、的薪水待遇也不是明确规定好了的，而是得再商议，故答案为 D.Passage OneBut that shouldnt be too surprising.Any really profitable supermarket knows that itshould keep its clocks well hidden.预览四道题各选项，由选项中出现的 customers，shelves，buy，shoppinglists 和 bargains 等词，可以推测短文可能与购物行为相关.16.Why are essential goods displayed in totally different
26、parts of the supermarket?B.短文开头提到，超市希望顾客看到尽可能多的商品，这就是为什么他们会把生活必需品分散摆放的原因，故答案为 B.17.Where are goods with a high profit margin usually found?C.短文中提到，利润高的商品所摆放的位置都是顾客容易够到的地方，也就是在那些容易接触到的货架上，故答案为 C.18.What does the speaker say about supermarket goers?A.短文中提到，虽然很多人在去超市之前会列一张购物清单，但还是有60左右的购买行为是在购物现场决定的.因此
27、，大部分去超市购物的人都有冲动消费的行为，故答案为 A.19.What shouldnt be too surprising according to the speaker?D.短文临近结尾时提到了一次采访，接受采访的顾客通常感觉自己仅在超市里待了半个小时，而实际上他们已经待了超过 45 分钟了.因此，调查发现，顾客在超市中没有了时间感，而这一现象并不奇怪，故答案为 D.Passage Two(20)When Matty Sallin was working on a degree in art and technology at university,he got an interesti
28、ng assignment in electronics class:Create something for the household.He decided to create an alarm clock.Everybody has to use an alarm clock of some kind every day,and its extremelyunpleasant!he says.(21)He asked different people what theyd like to wake up to instead of a noisy alarm.Alot of them s
29、aid,The smell of bacon.(22)So Sallin invented a new kind of alarmclock:a wooden box with a pig face and a digital clock that uses the smell of cookingbacon rather than sound to wake someone up.He explains,Theres nodanger ofburning,because I built it carefully.It uses light bulbs instead of a flame f
30、or cookingand turns off automatically after ten minutes.Just a few easy steps are required to setthe alarm.What you do is put in a couple of frozen strips the night before,saysSallin.Bacon is preserved,so there is no danger of its spoiling overnight.If you setthe alarm for 8:00,it will turn on at 7:
31、50 and slow cook for ten minutes under thebulbs,he says.Then the bulbs turn off and a fan blows the smell out through the noseof the pig.So instead of an alarm,you smell yourself awake,says Sallin.Then youcan open the door on the side and pull the bacon out and eat it.预览三道题各选项，由选项中出现的 designs，clocks
32、，alarm clock，pig face，automatic mechanism 和 manufacturing process 等词，可以推测短文的内容与某种闹钟的创新设计相关.20.What was Matty Sallin doing when he created an alarm clock?C.短文一开始就说，马蒂赛尔林在大学攻读艺术和技术学位时，曾有一项有趣的任务是发明家用器具，因此，他决定发明一个闹钟.由此可知，他当时还在读大学，故答案为 C.21.What did Matty Sallin do before making the new type of alarm clo
33、ck?D.短文中提到，在马蒂赛尔林决定设计一款新闹钟时，他先征求了不同的人关于闹钟的想法，然后才开始动手制作，故答案为 D.22.What makes the newly invented alarm clock so unique?C.短文提到，在征求了多人的意见后，赛尔林发现人们对闹钟感到最不满的是它吵闹的叫醒方式，而且人们最希望在受到烤腌肉香味的诱惑中醒来，所以，他才自己动手创造出了一款能够定时烤制腌肉，然后将香味散发出去，使人从梦中醒来的闹钟，故答案为 C.Passage ThreeThe first kind of loneliness is temporary.It usually
34、 disappears quickly and does notrequire any special attention.(23)The second kind,situational loneliness,is a naturalresult of a particular situation,for example,a divorce or moving to a new place.Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems,itusually does not last for more than a ye
35、ar.Unlike the second type,the third kind ofloneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause.(24)Peoplewho experience habitual loneliness have problem socializing and becoming close toothers.Unfortunately,many of them think there is little or nothing they can do aboutit.预览三道题各选项
36、，其中出现了大量带有负面含义的词，如 cannot mixwell，irrationally annoy，depend heavily on，blame others，doubt 和 psychologicallyweak 等，并且第 23 题的各选项中还出现了 treatment 一词，据此推断本文可能与某种不正常的精神状态相关.23.What does the speaker say about situational loneliness?A.短文中提到了三种类型的孤独，其中第二类为情景孤独，而短文中在对这一类孤独的介绍中指出，它通常是由于环境的变化所引起的，故答案为 A.24.What
37、 problem will people have if they experience habitual loneliness?A.短文中在提到 habitual loneliness 时说，那些经历习惯性孤独的人在社交方面存在问题，无法亲近他人，也就是说，他们不合群，不能与他人融洽地交往，故答案为 A.25.Why do some people suffer loneliness according to psychologists?B.短文末尾部分提到，心理学家发现，虽然孤独的人可能有许多社交，但他们有时觉得自己应该有更多的社交，他们质疑自己的受欢迎程度.故答案为 B.26.locked
38、 away.此处应该填人动词的过去分词或词组，与句中的 typed 并列，构成被动语态.locked away 意为“把锁起来”.27.forgotten此处应该填入动词过去分词构成的形容词，表示状态.forgotten意为“被遗忘的”.该句指出，个人信息放在那里多年，根本就没有重见天日的机会.因此，它们是“被遗忘的”.28.Responsible for.该空所在句是一个倒装句，其正常语序应该是Theastonishingly 29development in recent years of the computer has been 28 the change.所以该空应该填人一个形容词或
39、词组作表语.responsible for 意为“对负责，对承担责任”.29.swift.此处应该填入形容词，被副词 astonishingly 修饰的同时，修饰名词 development，合在一起，表示“惊人地快速发展”.swift 意为“快速的”.30.collected.此处应该填入动词的过去分词，与is 一起构成被动语态.collected 意为“收集”.31.institutions.此处应该填入一个名词，被 lending 修饰.institutions 意为“机构”.32.government agencies.此处应该填入一个名词或名词词组，与前面的名词或词组并列.gover
40、nment agencies 意为“政府机构”.33.invasion.此处应填入一个名词，被形容词 frightening 修饰.invasion 意为“侵犯”.34.efficient.此处应填入一个形容词，被前面的副词 increasingly 修饰.efficient 意为“有效率的”.35.questioned.此处应填人一个形容词或动词分词形式作 people 的后置定语.questioned 意为“被问到的”.Part Reading Comprehension名词：B.amount 量；F.differences区别；G.favorite 特别喜爱的东西；O.theories理
41、论动词：A.advocate 提倡，主张；C.confirmed 确认，批准；H.happening 发生；K.obtaining 获取；M.protest抗议；N.rejected 拒绝，驳回.形容词：D.crazy 发狂的，发疯的；E.definite 确定的；G.favorite 最喜欢的副词：I.immediately 马上，立即；J.naturally 自然地；L.primarily 主要地36.G.favorite.形容词辨析题.该空前面是所有格形式 babys，后面是名词toy，故推测空格处为形容词.根据常识推断，婴儿的玩具一般都是他们喜欢的，故答案为 favorite“最喜欢的
42、”.备选形容词中，crazy“发狂的，发疯的”和 definite“确定的”均与句意不符，可以排除.37.M.protest.动词辨析题.该空前面是情态动词 may，故空格处应填入动词原形.根据下文可知，孩子认为妹妹分到了更多果汁，因此一定会表示不满，由此确定 protest“抗议”为答案.备选动词中，只有两个动词原形，而 advocate 意思为“主张”，不符合句意，可以排除.38.B.amount.名词辨析题.该空前面为冠词 the，后面为介词 of，故推测空格处应填入名词.根据句意：4 岁大的孩子也许会抗议说妹妹分到了更多果汁，仅仅是因为玻璃杯的形状不同，而不是果汁的.形状不同，也许容量
43、是一样的，由此确定 amount“量”为答案.备选名词中，differences“不同”和theories“理论”均不符合句意，可以排除.39.O.theories名词辨析题.空格前为形容词child-sized，空格后为介词about，故推测该空格处为名词.根据句意：孩子们就像一些很棒的小科学家一样，总是会验证他们孩子们般大小的事物运转的.由此可知，theories“理论”符合句意，故为答案.备选名词 differences“区别”不符合句意，可以排除.40.I.immediately.副词辨析题.空格前是 will，空格后是 test，故该空格处应填入副词.联系上下文，孩子一而再地把勺子扔
44、到地上，直到父母说不再捡起，随后，孩子便有了各种疑问，故可知孩子会马上验证父母的话.由此确定immediately“马上，立即”为答案.备选副词中，naturally“自然地”和 primarily主要地”均不符合句意，可以排除.41.D.crazy.形容词辨析题.空格前为 drive you，可以联想到固定结构 drivesb.+adj.根据上文可推知，孩子扔勺子继而试探家长的反应，并不是为了让他们抓狂，由此确定crazy“发狂的，发疯的”为答案.备选形容词 definite“确定的”不符合句意，可以排除.42.F.differences.名词辨析题.空格前为 those，空格后是系动词 a
45、re，故空格处应填人名词.上文提到，she is learning that her desires and yours Can differ“她正是在了解她的需求和你的需求是会不同的”，此处指不同之处，所以differences“区别”为答案.43.J.naturally.副词辨析题.空格前为主语 abilities 和动词 unfold，根据句子结构可判断空格处为副词.该句句意为：孩子们的认知能力会像花朵一样绽放，可知这一定是个自然的过程，由此确定naturally“自然地”为答案.备选副词primarily“主要地”不符合句意，可以排除.44.H.happening动词辨析题.空格前为
46、what else is，空格后为介词短语，故推测该空格处为动词的分词形式或形容词.上文指出，孩子们的认知能力像花朵绽放一样，与生命中其他的事情毫无关联.备选项中，happening“发生”符合句意，故为答案.备选的动词分词形式中，confirmed 意思是“确认，批准”；obtaining 意思是“获取”；rejected 意思是“拒绝，驳回”，形容生活中的事情都太过于具体，不符合句意，可以排除.45.N.rejected.动词辨析题.空格前是 have been，空格后是 or modified，故该空格处应填入动词的过去分词.根据句意，尽管多年来他的很多具体结论被或是修改，他的想法仍然启
47、发了全世界研究者们的诸多研究.由此确定rejected“拒绝，驳回”为本题答案.备选动词过去分词中，confirmed 意思为“确认，批准”，不符合句意，可以排除.46.The author was advised against theimproper use of figures of speech.作者被建议不要使用不合适的修辞.由题干中的 figures of speech 定位到文章 I 段画线处.47.The authors mother taught him a valuable lesson by pointing out lots of flaws inhis seeming
48、ly perfect essay.作者的母亲通过指出他看似完美的论文中的错误，给他上了宝贵的一课.由题干中的 flaws 和 perfect essay 定位到文章 C.段画线处.48.Awritershouldpolishhiswriting repeatedly so as to get closer to perfection.一个作家应该反复打磨自己的作品，从而更加接近完美.由题干中的 repeatedly 和 perfection 定位到文章 K 段画线处.作家们一生中也许会经历一段无法创作的时期。由题干中的 periods 和 cant produce anything 定位到文章
49、 E 段画线处。50.The author was not much surprised when his school teacher marked his essay asflawless.当作者的老师在他的论文上标记“完美”的时候，他并没有非常惊讶。由题干中的 not much surprised 和 marked his essay as“flawless”定位到文章 B 段画线处。51.Criticizing someones speech is said to be easier than coming up with a better one.批评一个人的言论据说比提出一个更好的
50、容易一些。由题干中的criticizing someones speech和coming up with a better one定位到文章 F 段画线处。52.The author looks upon his mother as his most demanding and caring instructor.作者将自己的母亲视为最严格和关心他的导师.由题干中的 most demanding and caring instructor 定位到文章 A 段画线处.53.The criticism the author received from his mother changed him