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1、北京市东城区北京市东城区 20202020 学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）学年度第二学期高三综合练习（一）英语2020.4本试卷共 10 页，共 120 分。考试时长 100 分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）第一节 语法填空（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分,共 15 分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个 适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。ATons of waste is being left on Mount Qomolangma b
2、y a1(grow)number of visitors,which bothers many people.A team will deal with thetask2the climbing season ends this May,by which time there will befewer visitors.Garbage3(collect)on Qomolangma requires two to three years of training,according to Cering Dandar,a mountaineer and guide.BFood is one of t
3、he most basic and important daily needs.It gives us thestrength and energy we need4(work)and play.Food also plays a rolein our social interactions.Whether we5(celebrate)importantoccasions or just relaxing with friends,eating is an important social pastime.It is also an important part of our culture.
4、6a particular people like to eat can tell us a lot7a countrysgeography,history and traditions.CGoing to museums has become a trendy thing to do during the holidaysin China.A popular choice this Spring Festival was the Palace Museum,8a special exhibition was staged to provide a virtual royal experien
5、ce forvisitors.The entire museum9(decorate)with newly-restored ancient royal lanterns and springcouplets,including a set of the Chinese character“Fu”10(write)byfive Qing Dynasty emperors.第二节 完形填空（共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。During my second year in h
6、igh school,I got sick and missed a few days.When I11,I was greeted with two essays due,three days of math and historyhomework,plus several tests.12I went home from school that dayexhausted,I had to stay up really late to finish them all.The next day at school,I got a rude awakening:I d totally forgo
7、tten toprepare for the13on Romeo and Juliet,which Id take14mylunch hour!Worse still,I had15the in-class discussion and all thenotes.When lunch came,I went to the English room to face my certaindoom(厄运).All I could do was try to16on the questions I didntknow.As it turned out,I didnt know the majority
8、 of the questions.I was justabout to give17when my pencil accidentally fell and broke.Standing by theblackboard sharpening my pencil,I18down and there in full view laythe answer sheet for the test!What good fortune!I can kiss good-bye to allmy19of failing the test!My heart started beating,and my bra
9、in20,Yes!Read over the answersquickly!This was quickly followed byanother voice,No!Youll get caught!My mind turning back and forth,Yes!No!Yes!No!This went on for ten of the21seconds in my entire life.Finally,I decided to finish the test on my own,without22!I wassatisfied with my decision but pretty2
10、3I had failed the test.The next day when I walked into the English room,my great joy ofhaving been an24soul changed into awave of doom as I saw my test paper lying facedown on my desk.I knew what awaited me.I stared at it a few secondsbefore I got up the25to turn it over.You can only imagine my26whe
11、n I learned that I had passed thetest!I have never in my whole life been so happy to see my27,a C-.My mom says the victories that28the most courage are wonwithin.Now I know29what she means.Now not only can myconscience(良心)rest easy,but I dont have to worry about getting caughtand meeting a sad30like
12、 Romeo and Juliet.11.A.arrivedfinished12.A.IfB.BecauseC.UntilC.playC.overD.AlthoughD.testD.towardB.returnedC.appearedD.13.A.lecture14.A.byB.essayB.upon15.A.missed16.A.dependimproveB.carriedB.agreeC.lostD.droppedD.C.guess17.A.in18.A.wrote19.A.boredomtiredness20.A.whisperedchanted21.A.coldest22.A.suff
13、eringthinking23.A.certainrelieved24.A.openenergetic25.A.wisdom26.A.anxiety27.A.paper28.A.take29.A.gradually30.A.filmB.offC.outD.awayB.settledC.calmedD.lookedB.worriesC.lonelinessD.B.warnedC.persuadedD.B.saddestC.longestD.fastestB.checkingC.cheatingD.B.regretfulC.annoyedD.B.honestC.optimisticD.B.enco
14、uragementC.intentionD.nerveB.shockC.fearD.appreciationB.creditC.rateD.gradeB.putC.findD.gainB.exactlyC.willinglyD.seeminglyB.factC.endingD.love第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，共 30 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AThe Perfect Sleep Chair is designed to bethe most comfortable r
15、ecliner chair.Whetheryou are sitting upright,relaxing in your favoriteTV viewing position,or lying completely flat for sleeping,its like being ona cloud.A cloud that has built-in heat and massage settings to match yourown personal comfort level.It even has a battery backup in case of a powercut.With
16、 Perfect Sleep Chair,theres a perfect position for everybody,eventhose that prefer to lie flat but want the additional support that mostmattresses(垫子)dont provide.At the touch of a button,the Perfect SleepChair gently lifts you to an almost standing position so you can get back onyour feet with ease
17、.Some owners use this feature daily,while others use itwhen recovering from an illness.Time and time again,our customers tell us they are tired of having toreplace their recliners due to quality issues.We hear you!That is why thePerfect Sleep Chair is handmade in the USA using quality hardwoods ando
18、nly the highest quality upholster(垫衬物).Each chair is c arefully crafted byworkers and not just a bunch of robots.Every chair structure is guaranteedfor life and the electronic components are generously warranted for threeyears.Simply put,its the highest quality chair on the marketbut itdoesnt end th
19、ereWhen you purchase the Perfect Sleep Chair,y oull get your choice ofcloth and colors!Youll also receive White Glove Delivery.Professionals willcarry the chair to the exact spot in your home where you want it,unpack it,inspect it,test it,position it,and even take the packaging away!To ensure that y
20、our product and purchase process is of the highestquality,our customer service team is here to answer any question,five daysa week,from 9 a.m.to 8 p.m.Please call us at 800-958-8324.31.According to the advertisement,Perfect Sleep Chair.（事实信息）A.helps detect illnessesB.supports various body positionsC
21、.comes with an additional mattressD.adjusts its temperature accordingly32.What is the key feature of Perfect Sleep Chair introduced in Paragraph 3?(推理判断)A.It is safe.B.It is lasting.D.It is comfortable.C.It is portable.33.What service can customers receive?A.Home delivery.B.Free replacement.D.A mone
22、y-back guarantee.C.A 24-hour hotline.BIn the short time Steve and Zach had been inside their tent packing theirtools,wind-blown flame had skipped from the top of one tree to another.The long dry summer had turned the forest into a tinderbox.“Lets go!We can make it back to the river we crossed today!
23、”Stevekept Brady on the lead and their heads down against the fire-wind.ButBrady barked a sharp warning.Ahead of them lay a thick curtain of smokeacross the track.They would never make it through that.The dog waspulling at his lead trying to draw them away from the smoke,and yet Stevewas uneasy.It s
24、eemed to him that they were moving away from the river.Suddenly,Zach cried.“Zach!”Steve shouted.“Are you OK?Where areyou?”Then Brady pulled Steve down a sharp slope(坡).At its base,Zachwas rubbing his ankle.As Steve helped his friend to his feet,Brady lifted his head andsnuffed(嗅)the smoke-laden wind
25、.Next moment,the dog bounded awayand disappeared.The boys shouted for him,but he didnt come back.Steve couldnt blame Brady for panicking.He himself wanted to run eventhough he didnt have a clue which way.Steve and Zach hadnt gone far when there was a familiar bark,andBrady came bounding,stopped dire
26、ctly in front of Steve and hit him with hishead,pushing him back toward the slope theyd just climbed.But Stevedidnt get it.Then Brady grabbed the boys jeans and started pulling.Themessage was clear,but Steve hesitated.Of course he remembered Bradysaving his uncles life when the dog was much younger.
27、Was he still sharpenough to get them through this?Nearby,a pine went up in a whoosh of smoke.Brady pulled again,urgently.“OK,big guy,”Steve gritted(咬紧牙关).Brady led them back downthe slope and into the trees.Notfar from them fire was touchingunderbrush.Several times the big dog stopped.Often he chang
28、eddirections.Steve was so tired that he just wanted to rest,but Bradywouldnt have it.The dog bullied both boys to go on.How long theydwalked Steve had no idea.He was almost numb when he heard itthewonderful sound of rushing water!34.What happened to Steve and Zach at first?A.They got injured.C.They
29、were trapped.35.Brady ran away to _.A.seek helpC.rescue ZachB.find a way outD.escape for lifeB.They lost their dog.D.They became separated.36.How did Steve feel after Brady pulled his jeans?A.Uneasy.B.Impatient.C.Numb.D.Uncertain.37.The passage basically describes _.A.an adventureB.an explorationD.a
30、 training programC.an escape gameCMost groups of plants and animals are richer in species and moreplentiful near the equator.In the ocean,that holds true for cold-bloodedpredators(掠食者).But warm-blooded predators are more diverse towardthe poles and noticeably missing from several warm hot spots.Why?
31、JohnGrady,anecologist,andhisteamconsideredthepossibilitywarm-blooded animals need a lot to fuel their metabolism(新陈代谢).Perhaps colder waters are just richer in small fish?But they found thatat higher,colder places,there isnt actually much more food around.Itsmore that warm-blooded animals are eating
32、 a much bigger share of it thantheir cold-blooded competitors.The real explanation is simple.An animals speed,swiftness,andintelligence depend on its metabolism,which in turn depends on itstemperature.Since birds and mammals can keep heating their bodies in icyconditions,they remain fast and attenti
33、ve.By contrast,the fish they huntbecome slower and duller.At some tipping point of temperature,seals,dolphins,and penguins start outswimming their prey(猎物).They becomemore likely to come upon targets and outpace the cold-blooded predatorsof their own.In Gradys words,“Warm-bodied predators are favour
34、ed where preysare slow,stupid and cold.”Thats why sharks and other predatory fishdominate near the equator,but colder waters are the kingdom of whalesand seals.By keeping food to themselves in the poles,these creatures canthen specialize on specific types of prey,which makes them more likely tosplit
35、 into separate species.The killer whales of the North Pacific,for example,include mammal-eating transients and fish-eating,year-round residents.But the world is changing.Its likely that the surface of the oceans willwarm by 2 to 3 within this century.Gradys team estimates that everytime the oceans s
36、urface warms by 1,populations of sea mammals willfall by 12%,and populations of seals and sea lions will fall by 24%.But“predictions are hard,”Donna Hauser from the University ofAlaska Fairbanks notes.“Polar bears are losers of a warming world,butsome populations are still doing well.Some groups of
37、whales have changedthe timing of their migrations;others are hunting in deeper,colder waters.These changes might make sea mammals more adaptable to changingclimates.Maybe they just need to find the places where fish remain slow,stupid and cold.”38.Why are there more types of warm-blooded predators n
38、ear the poles?A.Because there is more food.B.Because there are fewer enemies.C.Because they are faster and wiser.D.Because they consume less energy.39.The author mentions the killer whales to show _.A.the benefit of biological evolutionB.food preference of different sea mammalsC.the distinction of s
39、pecific types of predatorsD.the advantage of constant body temperature40.What is Donna Hausers attitude towards the future of the seamammals?A.Positive.B.Negative.C.Neutral.D.Sceptical.41.Which is the best title for the passage?A.Are the Poles Heaven for Sea Predators?B.How Do Sea Mammals Track Thei
40、r Prey?C.Why Do the Warm-Blooded Like Food Cold?D.Is the World Too Hot for the Warm-Blooded?DLast fall,I happened to overhear a student telling the others he haddecided not to sign up for an introductory philosophy course.The demandsof his major,he said seriously,meant he needed to take“practical”co
41、urses,and“enlightenment”would simply have to wait.For now,employability was the most important.The students conversation fits into a larger alarming narrative aboutthe role of the humanities in higher education.In a time of dizzyingtechnological achievement and of rapid scientific innovation,sceptic
42、s of thehumanities may question the usefulness of studying Aristotle,the ItalianRenaissance or Chinese fiction.Actually,I regret not interrupting that student to argue for taking thatintroductory philosophy course.I would have started by reminding him that,for much of Americas history,college gradua
43、tes were not considered trulyeducated unless they had mastered philosophy,literature,political theoryand history.The key role of higher education was to invite students into theconversations about matters like what it means to be alive and thedefinition of justice.Fostering engagement with these sub
44、jects is still anessential part of the universitys function in society.I would have also mentioned to the student that he was misinformedabout the job market.It is true that many employers are looking forgraduates with specialized technical skills,but they also look for othercapabilities.As the worl
45、d is transformed by artificial intelligence,machinelearningandautomation,theuniquehumanqualitiesofcreativity,imagination and moral reasoning will be the ultimate coin of the realm.Allthese skills are developed in humanities courses.Further,I would have argued that while a degree anchored in thescien
46、ces is an important precondition for many jobs,it is not the only route.Look no further than the founders of companies such as LinkedIn,Slack andFlickr,who are among the many tech businesspersons with degrees in thehumanities,and who credit that training for their success.Contrary to the widely held
47、 belief that humanities majors have a hardtime getting jobs,recent studies show that those with humanities degreesare successful in the workplace,experiencing low rates of unemploymentand reporting high levels of job satisfaction.The ratio between averagemedian(中位数)incomes for humanities degree hold
48、ers and those withbusiness,engineering,and health and medical sciences degrees has beenshown to narrow over the course of a career.The case for the humanities can also be understood in less transactionalterms and more as a foundationa l preparation for a life well lived.Ahumanities education plays a
49、 vital role in encouraging citizens to lead anexamined life.It fosters critical thinking,self-reflection,empathy andtolerance,the usefulness of which only becomes more apparent as onenavigates lifes challenges.By all means,students should take courses they think practical andfollow their interests,b
50、ut if they also make a point of studying the literatureof the Renaissance,or researching into modern poetry,or even takingintroductory philosophy,we will all benefit.42.What do the students conversation show?A.Students feel employment difficult.B.Students think philosophy less important.C.Students f